Case Fatality Rates for Patients with COVID-19 Requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation. A Meta-analysis

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 203(1), С. 54 - 66

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2020

Initial reports of case fatality rates (CFRs) among adults with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) are highly variable.

Язык: Английский

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Central obesity, smoking habit, and hypertension are associated with lower antibody titres in response to COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 38(1)

Опубликована: Май 7, 2021

Abstract Aims To explore variables associated with the serological response following COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine. Methods Eighty‐six healthcare workers adhering to vaccination campaign against were enrolled in January–February 2021. All subjects underwent two vaccine inoculations (Pfizer/BioNTech) separated by 3 weeks. Blood samples collected before 1st and 1–4 weeks after second inoculation. Clinical history, demographics, side effects recorded. Baseline anthropometric parameters measured, body composition was performed through dual‐energy‐X‐ray absorptiometry. Results Higher waist circumference lower antibody (Ab) titres ( R = −0.324, p 0.004); smokers had levels compared non‐smokers [1099 (1350) vs. 1921 (1375), 0.007], as well hypertensive versus normotensive [650 ± 1192 1911 (1364), 0.001] dyslipideamic those normal serum lipids [534 (972) vs 1872 (1406), 0.005]. Multivariate analysis showed that higher circumference, smoking, hypertension, longer time elapsed since inoculation Ab titres, independent of BMI, age. gender. Conclusions Central obesity, smoking are vaccination. Although it is currently impossible determine whether SARS‐CoV‐2 Abs lead likelihood developing COVID‐19, well‐established neutralizing antibodies correlate protection several viruses including SARS‐CoV‐2. Our findings, therefore, call for a vigilant approach, central could benefit from earlier boosters or different schedules.

Язык: Английский

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Visceral fat shows the strongest association with the need of intensive care in patients with COVID-19

Metabolism, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 111, С. 154319 - 154319

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2020

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 and obesity in childhood and adolescence: a clinical review

Jornal de Pediatria, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 96(5), С. 546 - 558

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2020

To identify factors that contribute to the increased susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 in obese children adolescents, its health consequences. Studies published between 2000 2020 PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, SciELO, Cochrane databases. Obesity is a highly prevalent comorbidity severe cases adolescents; social isolation may lead increase fat accumulation. Excessive adipose tissue, deficit lean mass, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, high levels proinflammatory cytokines, low intake essential nutrients are compromise functioning organs systems individuals. These associated with damage immune, cardiovascular, respiratory, urinary systems, along modification intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis). In acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, these organic changes from obesity need for ventilatory assistance, risk thromboembolism, reduced glomerular filtration rate, innate adaptive immune response, perpetuation chronic inflammatory response. The can have effect causing or worsening comorbidities, pediatricians be aware this issue. Facing suspected confirmed COVID-19, professionals should 1) diagnose excess weight; 2) advise on care times isolation; 3) screen ensuring treatment not interrupted; 4) measure immunonutrients; 5) guide family understanding specifics situation; 6) refer units qualified adolescents when necessary. Identificar fatores que contribuem para o aumento da suscetibilidade e gravidade em crianças adolescentes obesos suas consequências saúde. Estudos publicados entre nas bases de dados Medline, SciELO Cochrane. A obesidade é uma comorbidade altamente prevalente casos graves isolamento pode levar ao do acúmulo gordura. Tecido adiposo excessivo, déficit massa magra, resistência à insulina, dislipidemia, hipertensão, altos níveis citocinas pró-inflamatórias baixa ingestão nutrientes essenciais são comprometem funcionamento dos órgãos sistemas no indivíduo obeso. Esses estão associados danos nos imunológico, respiratório urinário, juntamente com modificação (disbiose). Na infecção por SARS-CoV-2, essas alterações orgânicas causadas pela podem aumentar necessidade assistência ventilatória, risco tromboembolismo, taxa filtração reduzida, na resposta imune inata adaptativa perpetuação inflamatória crônica. ter efeito causar ou agravar comorbidades pediatras precisam estar cientes desse problema. Diante suspeita confirmação os profissionais saúde devem diagnosticar excesso peso; aconselhar sobre cuidados tempos isolamento; fazer triagem comorbidades, garantindo tratamento não seja interrompido; medir imunonutrientes; orientar família respeitando as especificidades situação; encaminhamento unidades qualificadas cuidar obesos, quando necessário.

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COVID-19 and Diabetes: Understanding the Interrelationship and Risks for a Severe Course

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2021

The relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus is complicated bidirectional. On the one hand, considered of most important risk factors for a severe course COVID-19. Several that are often present in likely to contribute this risk, such as older age, proinflammatory hypercoagulable state, hyperglycemia underlying comorbidities (hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease obesity). other infection, its treatment with steroids, can have specific negative impact on itself, leading worsening through increased insulin resistance reduced β-cell secretory function. Worsening can, turn, adversely affect Although more knowledge gradually surfaces pandemic progresses, challenges understanding interrelationship remain.

Язык: Английский

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Obesity in COVID-19 era, implications for mechanisms, comorbidities, and prognosis: a review and meta-analysis

International Journal of Obesity, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 45(5), С. 998 - 1016

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2021

Recent studies have shown that obesity is associated with the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We reviewed clinical to clarify relationship COVID-19 severity, comorbidities, and discussing possible mechanisms. The electronic databases, including Web Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, were searched all conducted on reviewed. All independently screened by reviewers based their titles abstracts. Forty relevant articles selected, full texts Obesity affects respiratory immune systems through various Cytokine adipokine secretion from adipose tissue leads a pro-inflammatory state in obese patients, predisposing them thrombosis, incoordination innate adaptive responses, inadequate antibody response, cytokine storm. Obese patients had longer virus shedding. other comorbidities such as hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, vitamin D deficiency. Hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, even mortality higher than normal-weight patients. could alter direction severe symptoms younger individuals. Reduced physical activity, unhealthy eating habits and, more stress fear experienced during pandemic may result weight gain obesity. should be considered an independent risk factor for COVID-19. Paying attention preventing infection early levels crucial this pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Pre-existing health conditions and severe COVID-19 outcomes: an umbrella review approach and meta-analysis of global evidence

BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2021

This study applies an umbrella review approach to summarise the global evidence on risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with pre-existing health conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Association of body mass index (BMI) with critical COVID-19 and in-hospital mortality: A dose-response meta-analysis

Metabolism, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 117, С. 154373 - 154373

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents an unprecedented health crisis to the entire world. As reported, body mass index (BMI) may play important role in COVID-19; however, this still remains unclear. aim of study was explore association between BMI and COVID-19 severity mortality.The Medline, PubMed, Embase Web science were systematically searched until August 2020. Random-effects models dose-response meta-analysis used synthesize results. Combined odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated, effect covariates analyzed using subgroup analysis meta-regression analyses.A total 16 observational studies involving 109,881 patients included meta-analysis. pooled results showed that a ≥ 30 kg/m2 had 2.35-fold risk (OR = 2.35, 95%CI 1.64-3.38, P < 0.001) for critical 2.68-fold mortality 2.68, 1.65-4.37, compared <30 kg/m2. Subgroup obesity age > 60 years associated significantly increased 3.11, 1.73-5.61, 3.93, 2.18-7.09, 0.001). Meta-regression also significant influence on (Coef. 0.036, 0.048). linear both COVID-19(Pnon-linearity 0.242) (Pnon-linearity 0.116). by 9%(OR 1.09, 1.04-1.14, 6%(OR 1.06, 1.02-1.10, 0.002) each 1 increase BMI, respectively.Evidence from suggested mortality. Further, (BMI kg/m2) in-hospital COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

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Association of Obesity With COVID-19 Severity and Mortality: An Updated Systemic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2022

Background Obesity affects the course of critical illnesses. We aimed to estimate association obesity with severity and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Data Sources A systematic search was conducted from inception COVID-19 pandemic through 13 October 2021, on databases including Medline (PubMed), Embase, Science Web, Cochrane Central Controlled Trials Registry. Preprint servers such as BioRxiv, MedRxiv, ChemRxiv, SSRN were also scanned. Study Selection Extraction Full-length articles focusing outcome patients included. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analysis guidelines used study selection data extraction. Our Population interest positive patients, is our Intervention/Exposure point, Comparators are Non-obese vs obese The chief confirmed hospitalized terms admission intensive care unit (ICU) or requirement invasive mechanical ventilation/intubation obesity. All-cause secondary study. Results In total, 3,140,413 167 studies included associated an increased risk severe (RR=1.52, 95% CI 1.41-1.63, p&lt;0.001, I 2 = 97%). Similarly, high observed (RR=1.09, 1.02-1.16, p=0.006, multivariate meta-regression severity, covariate female gender, pulmonary disease, diabetes, older age, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension found be significant explained R 40% between-study heterogeneity severity. aforementioned covariates well, these collectively 50% variability mortality. Conclusions findings suggest that significantly higher among Therefore, inclusion its surrogate body mass index prognostic scores improvement patient management recommended.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Nutrition in COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity of Disease: A Systematic Review

Journal of Nutrition, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 151(7), С. 1854 - 1878

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2021

Язык: Английский

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