Sex‐based differences in severity and mortality in COVID‐19

Reviews in Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 31(6)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2021

Summary The current coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has a male bias in severity and mortality. This is consistent with previous pandemics such as SARS‐CoV MERS‐CoV, viral infections general. Here, we discuss the sex‐disaggregated epidemiological data for COVID‐19 highlight underlying differences that may explain sexual dimorphism to help inform risk stratification strategies therapeutic options.

Язык: Английский

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Sexual dimorphism in COVID-19: potential clinical and public health implications

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(3), С. 221 - 230

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The conneXion between sex and immune responses

Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(7), С. 487 - 502

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Association of COVID-19 with Comorbidities: An Update

ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(3), С. 334 - 354

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2023

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which was identified in Wuhan, China December 2019 and jeopardized human lives. It spreads at an unprecedented rate worldwide, with serious still-unfolding health conditions economic ramifications. Based on the clinical investigations, severity of COVID-19 appears to be highly variable, ranging from mild infections including death infected individual. To add this, patients comorbid such as age or concomitant illnesses are significant predictors disease's progression. SARS-CoV-2 enters inside host cells through ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme2) receptor expression; therefore, comorbidities associated higher expression may enhance virus entry infection. has already been recognized that age-related Parkinson's disease, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases lead life-threatening COVID-19-infected patients. infection results excessive release cytokines, called "cytokine storm", causes worsening conditions. Different mechanisms leading intensive care unit (ICU) admissions deaths have hypothesized. This review provides insights into relationship between various We further discuss potential pathophysiological correlation medical interventions for Toward end, different therapeutic options discussed

Язык: Английский

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Acute Kidney Injury Associated With Remdesivir: A Comprehensive Pharmacovigilance Analysis of COVID-19 Reports in FAERS

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Март 25, 2022

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication among patients with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). COVID-19 along AKI usually resulted in poor prognosis for those affected. Remdesivir antiviral drug that was urgently approved treatment of COVID-19. In current study, safety data remdesivir were limited. We gathered information on cases adverse events reported to U.S. Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. employed reporting odds ratio (ROR) method perform disproportionality analysis. Finally, we identified 12,869 cases. A total 3,991 these as primary suspected drug, while 8,878 treated other drugs. More occurred male above age 65 years. detected significant association between AKI: ROR = 2.81, 95% CI (2.48, 3.18). The stronger after propensity score matching 3.85, (3.11, 4.78). mean time event onset 4.91 ± 7.25 days therapy. fatality proportion 36.45% treatment. This pharmacovigilance study by mining FAERS real-world big data. Although causality not confirmed, should be ignored, especially older, inpatients.

Язык: Английский

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Immune mechanisms associated with sex-based differences in severe COVID-19 clinical outcomes

Biology of Sex Differences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Март 4, 2022

Abstract Background Although biological males and females are equally likely to become infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), evidence has mounted that experience higher severity fatality compared females. Main The objective of this review is examine the existing literature on mechanisms underlying sex-based differences could contribute SARS-CoV-2 infection clinical outcomes. Sex-based in immunologic response hormonal expression help explain disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes observed X inactivation facilitates a robust immune COVID-19 females, who demonstrate more profound antibody faster recovery when males. Low testosterone levels also dysregulated inflammatory poor some COVID-19. Gender health behaviors further compound these differences. Conclusion Understanding biology mortality inform preventative measures, treatment decisions, development personalized, sex-specific therapies.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 complications in males and females: recent developments

Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(9), С. 689 - 698

Опубликована: Май 5, 2022

Aim: To provide a comprehensive understanding of the varying effects SARS-CoV-2 infection based on sex. Methods: A PubMed search 470 primary articles was performed, with inclusion relevance (sex differences discussed in target COVID population) and redundancy. queried title for keywords "SEX" "COVID" or "SARS" between 2020 2022. Results: For COVID-19, males have increased risk infectivity intensive care unit admission worse overall outcomes compared females. Genetic predispositions, sex hormones, immune system responses non-biological causes all contribute to disparity COVID-19 sexes. sex-related determinants morbidity mortality remain unclear. Conclusions: Male is factor several related COVID-19. Investigating impact an important part behavior disease. Future work needed further explore these relationships optimize management patients

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 in Brazil: a 3-year update

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 107(4), С. 116074 - 116074

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Sex differences in depression: An immunological perspective

Brain Research Bulletin, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 196, С. 34 - 45

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2023

Depression is a heterogenous disorder with symptoms that present differently across individuals. In subset of people depression associated alterations the immune system may contribute to onset and symptomology. Women are twice as likely develop on average have more sensitive adaptive innate when compared men. Sex differences in pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), cell populations, circulating cytokines play critical role inflammation onset. immunity change response repair damage caused by dangerous pathogens or molecules body. This article reviews evidence for sex specific responses account higher rate women.

Язык: Английский

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Chronic and infectious respiratory mortality and short-term exposures to four types of pollen taxa in older adults in Michigan, 2006-2017

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Abstract Introduction Levels of plant-based aeroallergens are rising as growing seasons lengthen and intensify with anthropogenic climate change. Increased exposure to pollens could increase risk for mortality from respiratory causes, particularly among older adults. We determined short-term, lag associations four species classes pollen (ragweed, deciduous trees, grass evergreen trees) (all cause, chronic infectious related) in Michigan, USA. Methods obtained records all Michigan deaths 2006-2017 the Department Health Human Services (MDHHS). Deaths respiratory-related causes were selected using International Classification Diseases (ICD-10) codes. Pollen data a prognostic model daily concentrations at 25 km resolution. Case-crossover models distributed non-linear crossbases used estimate between lags explore effect modification by sex racial groups. Results 127,163 included study. Cumulative high (90th percentile) broadleaf, ragweed associated all-cause early e.g., 1.81 times higher cumulative 7 day broadleaf 90th percentile (95% confidence interval: 1.04, 3.15). Exposure was increased death causes. No association found any though there positive but non-significant pollens. no evidence suggest race or sex. Conclusions Modelled exposures taxa that may become more important temperatures lengthen.

Язык: Английский

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