Structure, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Plasmonics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
23
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(6), С. 5352 - 5352
Опубликована: Март 10, 2023
More than three years ago, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused unforeseen COVID-19 pandemic with millions of deaths. In meantime, SARS-CoV-2 has become endemic and is now part repertoire viruses causing seasonal severe respiratory infections. Due to several factors, among them development immunity through natural infection, vaccination current dominance seemingly less pathogenic strains belonging omicron lineage, situation stabilized. However, challenges remain possible new occurrence highly variants remains a threat. Here we review development, features importance assays measuring neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). particular focus on in vitro infection molecular interaction studying binding receptor domain (RBD) its cognate cellular ACE2. These assays, but not measurement SARS-CoV-2-specific per se, can inform us whether produced by convalescent or vaccinated subjects may protect against thus have potential predict risk becoming newly infected. This information extremely important given fact that considerable number subjects, vulnerable persons, respond poorly production antibodies. Furthermore, these allow determine evaluate virus-neutralizing capacity induced vaccines administration plasma-, immunoglobulin preparations, monoclonal antibodies, ACE2 synthetic compounds be used for therapy assist preclinical evaluation vaccines. Both types relatively quickly adapted emerging virus about magnitude cross-neutralization, which even estimate infected appearing variants. Given paramount discuss their specific features, advantages disadvantages, technical aspects yet fully resolved issues, such as cut-off levels predicting degree vivo protection.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
21
Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14
Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2023
Despite many countries rapidly revising their strategies to prevent contagions, the number of people infected with Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues surge. The emergent variants that can evade immune response significantly affect effectiveness mainstream vaccines and diagnostic products based on original spike protein. Therefore, it is essential focus highly conserved nature nucleocapsid protein as a potential target in field diagnostics. In this regard, our review initially discusses structure, function, mechanism action N Based discussion, we summarize relevant research in-depth development application methods protein, such serology nucleic acid detection. Such valuable information aid designing more efficient vaccine tools could help end SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
19
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14
Опубликована: Май 23, 2024
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly prevalent and potent infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Until now, the world still endeavoring to develop new ways diagnose treat COVID-19. At present, clinical prevention treatment of COVID-19 mainly targets spike protein on surface SRAS-CoV-2. However, with continuous emergence SARS-CoV-2 Variants concern (VOC), targeting therapy shows high degree limitation. The Nucleocapsid Protein (N protein) conserved in virus evolution involved key process viral infection assembly. It most expressed structural after humans has immunogenicity. Therefore, N as factor replication basic research application great potential value. This article reviews progress structure biological function protein, diagnosis drug order promote researchers’ further understanding lay theoretical foundation for possible outbreak sudden diseases future.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 279, С. 135201 - 135201
Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(3)
Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2023
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious intestinal infectious disease caused by porcine virus (PEDV). Large-scale outbreaks of PEDV have huge economic losses to the pig industry since 2010. Neutralizing antibodies play pivotal role in protecting piglets from enteric infections. However, there has been no systematic report on correlations between neutralizing antibody titers (NTs) and absorbance values IgG or IgA all individual structural proteins clinical serum, fecal, colostrum samples. In this study, spike protein S1 domain (S1), membrane (M), envelope (E), nucleocapsid (N) variant strain AH2012/12 were expressed purified using human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293F expression system. A total 92 serum samples, 46 fecal 33 samples collected, NTs analyzed. R2 revealed that anti-S1 show highest agreement with followed N protein. The anti-E M very low. both showed high NTs. addition, compared E M, Overall, study correlation Therefore, diagnostic method can be used as powerful tool for assessing immune status pigs. IMPORTANCE humoral response plays an important neutralization. Against PEDV, mucosal component roles which more prominent whether are differences different tissue not clearly reported. Additionally, relationship against viral neutralization remains unclear. we systematically determined found activity Our data guiding implications evaluation protection.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
Biosensors, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 164 - 164
Опубликована: Март 4, 2025
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the global necessity to develop fast, affordable, and user-friendly diagnostic alternatives. Alongside recognized tests such as ELISA, nanotechnologies have since been explored for direct indirect diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, etiological agent COVID-19. Accordingly, in this work, we report a method detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies based on graphene-based field-effect transistors (GFETs), using nanostructured platform graphene with added gold nanorods (GNRs) specific viral protein. To anti-N-protein IgG human sera, were functionalized nucleocapsid (N) protein subsequently deposited onto devices. Our test results demonstrate that sensor is highly sensitive can antibody concentrations low 100 pg/mL. Using sera previously diagnosed ELISA showed 90% accuracy rate compared results, completed under 15 min. Integrating eliminates need blocker, simplifying fabrication. This hybrid holds robust potential serve simple efficient point-of-care platform.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(4), С. 923 - 923
Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2023
The Nucleocapsid (N) protein is highlighted as the main target for COVID-19 diagnosis by antigen detection due to its abundance in circulation early during infection. However, effects of described mutations N epitopes and efficacy testing across SARS-CoV-2 variants remain controversial poorly understood. Here, we used immunoinformatics identify five (N(34–48), N(89–104), N(185–197), N(277–287), N(378–390)) validate their reactivity against samples from convalescent patients. All identified are fully conserved highly with SARS-CoV. Moreover, N(185–197) N(277–287) MERS-CoV, while N(34–48), N(378–390) lowly common cold coronaviruses (229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1). These data accordance observed conservation amino acids recognized antibodies 7R98, 7N0R, 7CR5, which variants, SARS-CoV MERS-CoV but coronaviruses. Therefore, support tests a scalable solution population-level SARS-CoV-2, highlight need verify cross-reactivity these
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6
npj Vaccines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2024
Abstract AKS-452, a subunit vaccine comprising an Fc fusion of the ancestral wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein receptor binding domain (SP/RBD), was evaluated without adjuvant in single cohort, non-randomized, open-labelled phase II study (NCT05124483) at site The Netherlands for safety and immunogenicity. A 90 µg subcutaneous booster dose AKS-452 administered to 71 adults previously primed with registered mRNA- or adenovirus-based 273 days. All AEs were mild no SAEs attributable AKS-452. While all subjects showed pre-existing SP/RBD ACE2-inhibitory IgG titers, 60–68% responded via ≥2-fold increase from days 28 progressively decreased back baseline by day 180 (days mean fold-increases, 14.7 ± 6.3 8.0 2.2). Similar response kinetics against RBD mutant proteins (including omicrons) observed but slightly reduced titers relative WT. There expected strong inverse correlation between day-0 fold-increase 28. enhanced neutralization potency live virus, consistent titers. Nucleocapsid (Np) suggested infection occurred 66% (46 70) subjects, which only 20 reported symptomatic COVID-19. These favorable immunogenicity profiles support evaluation planned III universal this room-temperature stable that can be rapidly inexpensively manufactured serve vaccination global scale need complex distribution cold chain.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(4)
Опубликована: Март 4, 2024
ABSTRACT We conducted an in silico analysis to better understand the potential factors impacting host adaptation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) white-tailed deer, humans, and mink due strong evidence sustained transmission within these hosts. Classification models trained on single nucleotide amino acid differences between samples effectively identified deer-, human-, mink-derived SARS-CoV-2. For example, balanced accuracy score Extremely Randomized Trees classifiers was 0.984 ± 0.006. Eighty-eight commonly predictive mutations are found at sites under positive negative selective pressure. A large fraction selection (86.9%) or by machine learning (87.1%) genes other than spike. Some locations encoded gene regions predicted be B- T-cell epitopes implicated modulating immune response suggesting that may involve evasion system, modulation class-I major-histocompatibility complex, diminished recognition CD8+ T cells. Our also silent mutations, such as C7303T C9430T, play important role discriminating deer-derived across multiple clades. Finally, our investigation into origin B.1.641 lineage from deer Canada discovered additional human sequence Michigan related sampled near emergence this lineage. These findings demonstrate machine-learning approaches can used combination with evolutionary genomics identify possibly involved cross-species viruses novel viral lineages. IMPORTANCE Severe is a highly transmissible virus capable infecting establishing itself wildlife populations, deer. This fact highlights importance developing ways genetic contribute its spread new species. especially since populations serve reservoirs potentially facilitate re-introduction variants populations. In study, we apply phylogenetic methods uncover biomarkers SARS-CoV-2 find demonstrating both non-synonymous differentiate animal-derived sequences human-derived ones each other. suggests involves system suppression antigen presentation. developed here general investigate
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1