Recent Advances in Transistor‐Based Artificial Synapses

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 29(42)

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2019

Abstract Simulating biological synapses with electronic devices is a re‐emerging field of research. It widely recognized as the first step in hardware building brain‐like computers and artificial intelligent systems. Thus far, different types have been proposed to mimic synaptic functions. Among them, transistor‐based advantages good stability, relatively controllable testing parameters, clear operation mechanism, can be constructed from variety materials. In addition, they perform concurrent learning, which weight update performed without interrupting signal transmission process. Synergistic control one device also implemented synapse, opens up possibility developing robust neuron networks significantly fewer neural elements. These unique features make them more suitable for emulating functions than other devices. However, development still its very early stages. Herein, this article presents review recent advances order give guideline future implementation transistors. The main challenges research directions are presented.

Язык: Английский

---

Mimicking Human and Biological Skins for Multifunctional Skin Electronics

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 30(20)

Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2019

Abstract Electronic skin (e‐skin) technology is an exciting frontier to drive the next generation of wearable electronics owing its high level wearability, enabling accuracy harvest information users and their surroundings. Recently, biomimicry human biological skins has become a great inspiration for realizing novel electronic systems with exceptional multifunctionality as well advanced sensory functions. This review covers highlights bioinspired e‐skins mimicking perceptive features skins. In particular, five main components in tactile sensation processes are individually discussed recent advances that mimic unique sensing mechanisms skin. addition, diverse functionalities user‐interactive, skin‐attachable, ultrasensitive introduced from architectures functionalities, such visual expression stimuli, reversible adhesion, easy deformability, camouflage, natural creatures. Furthermore, emerging sensor using body motion tracking, healthcare monitoring, prosthesis described. Finally, several challenges should be considered realization next‐generation outcomes addressing these challenges.

Язык: Английский

---

An artificial spiking afferent nerve based on Mott memristors for neurorobotics

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2020

Abstract Neuromorphic computing based on spikes offers great potential in highly efficient paradigms. Recently, several hardware implementations of spiking neural networks traditional complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology or memristors have been developed. However, an interface (called afferent nerve biology) with the environment, which converts analog signal from sensors into networks, is yet to be demonstrated. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate artificial reliable NbO x Mott for first time. The frequency proportional stimuli intensity before encountering noxiously high stimuli, then starts reduce at inflection point. Using this nerve, further build a power-free mechanoreceptor system passive piezoelectric device as tactile sensor. experimental results indicate that our promising constructing self-aware neurorobotics future.

Язык: Английский

---

Large-Scale and Flexible Optical Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing and Integrated Visible Information Sensing Memory Processing

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 15(1), С. 1497 - 1508

Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2020

Optoelectronic synapses integrating synaptic and optical-sensing functions exhibit large advantages in neuromorphic computing for visual information processing complex learning, recognition, memory an energy-efficient way. However, electric stimulation is still essential existing optoelectronic to realize bidirectional weight-updating, restricting the speed, bandwidth, integration density of devices. Herein, a two-terminal optical synapse based on wafer-scale pyrenyl graphdiyne/graphene/PbS quantum dot heterostructure proposed that can emulate both excitatory inhibitory behaviors pathway. The simple device architecture low-dimensional features endow with robust flexibility wearable electronics. This linear symmetric conductance-update trajectory numerous conductance states low noise, which facilitates demonstration accurate effective pattern recognition strong fault-tolerant capability even at bending states. A series logic associative learning capabilities have been demonstrated by pathways, significantly enhancing computing. Moreover, integrated visible sensing system array constructed perform real-time detection, situ image memorization, distinction tasks. work important step toward development optogenetics-inspired adaptive parallel networks

Язык: Английский

---

Electrolyte-gated transistors for enhanced performance bioelectronics

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 1(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021

Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs), capable of transducing biological and biochemical inputs into amplified electronic signals stably operating in aqueous environments, have emerged as fundamental building blocks bioelectronics. In this Primer, the different EGT architectures are described with mechanisms underpinning their functional operation, providing insight key experiments including necessary data analysis validation. Several organic inorganic materials used structures fabrication approaches for an optimal experimental design presented compared. The bio-layers and/or biosystems integrated or interfaced to EGTs, self-organization self-assembly strategies, reviewed. Relevant promising applications discussed, two-dimensional three-dimensional cell monitoring, ultra-sensitive biosensors, electrophysiology, synaptic neuromorphic bio-interfaces, prosthetics robotics. Advantages, limitations possible optimizations also surveyed. Finally, current issues future directions further developments discussed. (EGTs) bioelectronics, which transduce electrical signals. This Primer examines mechanism operation practical considerations related wide range applications.

Язык: Английский

---

Bioinspired mechano-photonic artificial synapse based on graphene/MoS ₂ heterostructure

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(12)

Опубликована: Март 17, 2021

A bioinspired mechano-photonic artificial synapse with synergistic mechanical and optical plasticity is demonstrated.

Язык: Английский

---

2D Material Based Synaptic Devices for Neuromorphic Computing

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 31(4)

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2020

Abstract The demand for computing power has been increasing exponentially since the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), internet things (IoT), and machine learning (ML), where novel primitives are required. Brain inspired neuromorphic systems, capable combining analog data storage at device level, have drawn great attention recently. In addition, basic electronic devices mimicking biological synapse achieved significant progress. Owing to their atomic thickness reduced screening effect, physical properties 2D materials could be easily modulated by various stimuli, which is quite beneficial synaptic applications. this article, aiming high‐performance functional applications, a comprehensive review based on provided, including advantages heterostructures, robust multifunctional devices, associated Challenges strategies future development also discussed. This will provide an insight into design preparation applications in computing.

Язык: Английский

---

Technologies toward next generation human machine interfaces: From machine learning enhanced tactile sensing to neuromorphic sensory systems

Applied Physics Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 7(3)

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2020

With the prospect of a smart society in foreseeable future, humans are experiencing an increased link to electronics digital world, which can benefit our life and productivity drastically. In recent decades, advances Human Machine Interface (HMI) have improved from tactile sensors, such as touchpads joysticks, now include accurate detection dexterous body movements more diversified sophisticated devices. Advancements highly adaptive machine learning techniques, neural interfaces, neuromorphic sensing generated potential for economic feasible solution next-generation applications wearable HMIs with intimate multi-directional capabilities. This review offers general knowledge HMI technologies beginning sensors their piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, triboelectric mechanisms. A further discussion is given on how learning, be used enhance upcoming 5 G infrastructure advancements internet things artificial intelligence near future. The efficient interactions kinetic physiological signals human through fusion sensor will bring revolution both advanced manipulation medical rehabilitation.

Язык: Английский

---

Small‐Molecule‐Based Organic Field‐Effect Transistor for Nonvolatile Memory and Artificial Synapse

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 29(50)

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2019

Abstract With the incorporation of tailorable organic electronic materials as channel and storage materials, field‐effect transistor (OFET)‐based memory has become one most promising data technologies for hosting a variety emerging applications, such sensory memory, neuromorphic computing. Here, recent state‐of‐the‐art progresses in use small molecules OFET nonvolatile artificial synapses are comprehensively reviewed, focusing on characteristic features versatile functional roles (channel, storage, modifier, dopant). Techniques optimizing capacity, speed, reliability devices addressed detail. Insight into constructed is also obtained this field. Finally, strategies molecular design improving performance view mediums discussed systematically, challenges to shed light future development vital research

Язык: Английский

---

Electrolyte-gated transistors for synaptic electronics, neuromorphic computing, and adaptable biointerfacing

Applied Physics Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2020

Functional emulation of biological synapses using electronic devices is regarded as the first step toward neuromorphic engineering and artificial neural networks (ANNs). Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) are mixed ionic–electronic conductivity capable efficient gate-channel capacitance coupling, biocompatibility, flexible architectures. Electrolyte gating offers significant advantages for realization devices/architectures, including ultralow-voltage operation ability to form parallel-interconnected with minimal hardwired connectivity. In this review, most recent developments in EGT-based electronics introduced their synaptic behaviors detailed mechanisms, short-/long-term plasticity, global regulation phenomena, lateral coupling between device terminals, spatiotemporal correlated functions. Analog memory phenomena allow implementation perceptron-based ANNs. Due mixed-conductivity circuits based on EGTs facile interfacing environments. We also discuss future challenges implementing low power, high speed, reliable computing large-scale ANNs these devices. The advancement that rely highlights importance field novel healthcare technologies adaptable or trainable biointerfacing.

Язык: Английский

---