Applied Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(8), С. 4247 - 4247
Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025
The growing global demand for sustainable energy solutions has led to increased interest in kinetic harvesting as a viable alternative traditional power sources. High-foot-traffic environments, such public spaces and religious sites, generate significant mechanical that often remains untapped. This study explores energy-harvesting technologies applicable areas with heavy foot traffic, focusing on Al-Haram Mosque Saudi Arabia—one of the most densely populated sites world. research investigates potential piezoelectric, triboelectric, hybrid systems convert pedestrian traffic into electrical energy, addressing challenges efficiency, durability, scalability, integration existing infrastructure. Piezoelectric materials, including PVDF BaTiO3, effectively stress from footsteps electricity, while triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) utilize contact electrification lightweight, flexible capture. In addition, this examines material innovations 3D-printed biomimetic structures, MXene-based composites (MXene is two-dimensional made transition metal carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides), improve longevity scalability high-density footfall environments. Proposed applications include mats embedded piezoelectric elements IoT devices, LED lighting, environmental sensors. While remain degradation, cost, emerging advanced present promising pathway toward sustainable, self-powered infrastructure large-scale, high-foot-traffic settings. These findings offer transformative approach sustainability, reducing reliance sources contributing Arabia’s Vision 2030 renewable adoption.
Язык: Английский