Electrochemical Science Advances,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024
ABSTRACT
Anion
exchange
membrane
water
electrolysis
(AEMWE)
is
one
of
the
most
promising
candidates
for
green
hydrogen
production
needed
de‐fossilization
global
economy.
As
AEMWE
can
operate
at
high
efficiency
without
expensive
Platinum
Group
Metal
(PGM)
catalysts
or
titanium
cell
components,
required
in
state‐of‐the‐art
proton
(PEMWE),
has
potential
to
become
a
cheaper
alternative
large‐scale
hydrogen.
In
AEMWE,
porous
transport
layer
and/or
micro
(PTL/MPL)
balance
several
important
tasks.
It
responsible
managing
electrolyte
liquid
catalyst
layers
(CLs),
evolving
gas
bubbles
away
from
CLs
and
establishing
thermal
electrical
connection
between
bipolar
plates
(BPPs).
Furthermore,
especially
case
CL
directly
deposited
onto
MPL,
forming
catalyst‐coated
substrate
(CCS),
MPL
surface
properties
significantly
impact
stability.
Thus,
key
performance‐defining
components
AEMWE.
this
study,
we
employed
flexible
easily
upscaled
technique
atmospheric
plasma
spraying
(APS)
deposit
spherical
nickel
coated
graphite
on
low‐cost
mesh
PTL.
Followed
by
oxidative
carbon
removal,
nickel‐based
with
superior
structural
parameters
compared
state‐of‐art
felt
was
produced.
Due
higher
activity
APS‐MPL
itself,
as
well
improved
utilization,
reduction
voltage
63
mV
2
A
cm
−2
achieved
an
operating
1
M
KOH
electrolyte.
This
improvement
enabled
internal
area
unique
pore
structure
broad
size
distribution
finely
structured
providing
large
contacting
CLs.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
Anion
exchange
membrane
(AEM)
water
electrolyzers
(AEMWEs)
have
attracted
great
interest
for
their
potential
as
sustainable,
environmentally
friendly,
low-cost
sources
of
renewable
energy.
Alkaline
polyelectrolytes
play
a
crucial
role
in
AEMWEs,
determining
performance
and
longevity.
Because
heteroatom-containing
polymers
been
shown
to
poor
durability
alkaline
conditions,
this
review
focuses
on
ether-free
polyelectrolytes,
which
are
more
chemically
stable.
The
merits,
weaknesses,
challenges
preparing
AEMs
summarized
highlighted.
evaluation
synthesis
methods
polymers,
modification
strategies,
cationic
stability
will
provide
insights
valuable
the
structural
design
future
polyelectrolytes.
Moreover,
situ
degradation
mechanisms
ionomers
during
AEMWE
operation
revealed.
This
provides
into
AEMWEs
accelerate
widespread
commercialization.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 11, 2025
A
good
and
long-term
stable
electrical
contact
between
the
porous
anode
transport
layer
(PTL)
adjacent
catalyst
is
essential
for
efficient
polymer
electrolyte
membrane
water
electrolyzers.
This
study
describes
extensive
comparison
of
seven
titanium
passivation-protecting
coatings
using
short-
measurements
at
least
2000
h.
The
are
supported
by
before
after
scanning
electron
microscope
investigations
cross
sections,
energy-dispersive
X-ray
spectroscopy,
diffractometry
coatings,
resistance
measurements,
ex
situ
rapid
aging
tests.
Overall,
iridium
platinum
PTL
offer
outstanding
excellent
corrosion
protection.
Compared
to
uncoated
reference
sample,
shows
a
93%
reduction
in
overall
degradation
rate
7
μV
h–1
(at
current
density
3
cm–2)
over
5000
h
even
reduces
ohmic
overvoltages
time
first
Interestingly,
interface
flow
field
does
not
appear
be
influenced
precious
metal
and,
hence,
need
coated.
In
contrast,
niobium
nitride
under
investigation
do
provide
an
improvement
compared
but
show
dissolution
oxidation
phenomena,
respectively.
Titanium
hydride
produced
hydrochloric
acid
improves
49%
62%
terms
reference.
It
also
saturation
behavior
with
23
second
1000
measurement.
Ex
tests
additionally
support
main
trends.
For
all
surface
treatments,
more
detailed
information
about
occurring
mechanisms
reversible
obtained
separating
into
partial
rates
overvoltage
mechanisms.
Chemical Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Solid
electrolyte
membrane
reactors
(SEMRs)
can
be
operated
at
high
temperatures
with
distinct
reaction
kinetics,
or
lower
(300-500
°C)
for
industrially
relevant
energy
applications
(such
as
solid
oxide
fuel/electrolysis
cells,
direct
carbon
fuel
and
metal-air
batteries),
chemical
alkane
dehydrogenation,
C-C
coupling,
NH3
synthesis),
environmental
(De-NO
x
,
CO2
utilization,
separation),
well
their
combined
(one-step
coupled
CO2/H2O
co-electrolysis
methanation
reaction,
power
cogeneration)
applications.
SEMRs
efficiently
integrate
electrical,
chemical,
thermal
sectors,
thereby
circumventing
thermodynamic
constraints
production
separation
issues.
They
offer
a
promising
way
to
achieve
neutrality
improve
manufacturing
processes.
This
review
thoroughly
examines
utilizing
various
ionic
conductors,
namely
O2-,
H+,
hybrid
types,
operations
in
different
reactor/cell
architectures
panel,
tubular,
single
chamber,
porous
electrolytes).
The
operate
modes
including
pumping,
extraction,
reversible,
electrical
promoting
modes,
providing
multiple
functionalities.
discussion
extends
examining
critical
materials
solid-state
cells
catalysts
essential
specific
technologically
important
reactions,
focusing
on
electrochemical
performance,
conversion
efficiency,
selectivity.
also
serves
first
attempt
address
the
potential
of
process-intensified
through
integration
photo/solar,
thermoelectric,
plasma
explores
unique
phenomenon
promotion
catalysis
(EPOC)
reactors.
ultimate
goal
is
insight
into
ongoing
scientific
technical
challenges
like
durability
operational
cost
hindering
widespread
industrial
implementation
while
exploring
opportunities
this
rapidly
growing
research
domain.
Although
still
an
early
stage
limited
demonstrations
applications,
advances
materials,
science,
ionics,
reactor
design,
process
intensification
and/or
system
will
fill
gaps
current
temperature
operation
sustainable
clean
production,
efficient
conversion/storage,
enhancement.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 27, 2025
Green
hydrogen
production
through
proton
exchange
membrane
(PEM)
electrolyzers,
powered
by
renewable
energy
sources
and
capable
of
operating
at
high
current
densities,
has
attracted
considerable
attention.
However,
two-phase
transport
within
the
anode
porous
layer
(PTL)
catalyst
(CL)
significantly
impacts
performance
PEM
electrolyzers.
In
this
work,
role
patterned
wettability
PTL
is
investigated
in
optimizing
gas
distribution
PTL,
PTL/CL
interface,
CL
for
electrolyzers
a
three-dimensional,
two-phase,
dual-scale
pore
network
model.
The
modeling
(PNM)
approach
analyzes
invasion
process
with
view
to
examining
impact
on
transport.
Initially,
invades
larger
pores
resulting
rapid
increase
gas-phase
saturation.
As
continues,
rate
saturation
declines.
By
adjusting
width
ratio
hydrophobic
regions
can
be
effectively
reduced.
Notably,
implementing
hydrophilic/hydrophobic
3:1
25
μm
enhances
water
transport,
reducing
18%,
which
over
14%
lower
than
that
observed
original
wettability.
Angewandte Chemie,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
Abstract
Anion
exchange
membrane
(AEM)
water
electrolyzers
(AEMWEs)
have
attracted
great
interest
for
their
potential
as
sustainable,
environmentally
friendly,
low‐cost
sources
of
renewable
energy.
Alkaline
polyelectrolytes
play
a
crucial
role
in
AEMWEs,
determining
performance
and
longevity.
Because
heteroatom‐containing
polymers
been
shown
to
poor
durability
alkaline
conditions,
this
review
focuses
on
ether‐free
polyelectrolytes,
which
are
more
chemically
stable.
The
merits,
weaknesses,
challenges
preparing
AEMs
summarized
highlighted.
evaluation
synthesis
methods
polymers,
modification
strategies,
cationic
stability
will
provide
insights
valuable
the
structural
design
future
polyelectrolytes.
Moreover,
situ
degradation
mechanisms
ionomers
during
AEMWE
operation
revealed.
This
provides
into
AEMWEs
accelerate
widespread
commercialization.
