Effort Drives Saccade Selection

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

What determines where to move the eyes? We recently showed that pupil size, a well-established marker of effort, also reflects effort associated with making saccade (’saccade costs’). Here we demonstrate costs critically drive selection: when choosing between any two directions, least costly direction was consistently preferred. Strikingly, this principle even held during search in natural scenes additional experiments. When increasing cognitive demand experimentally through an auditory counting task, participants made fewer saccades and especially cut directions. This suggests eye-movement system other operations consume similar resources are flexibly allocated among each as changes. Together, argue behavior is tuned adaptively minimize saccade-inherent effort.

Язык: Английский

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Presaccadic Attention Shifts Up‐ and Downwards: Evidence From the Pupil Light Response

Psychophysiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 62(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Vision is introspectively stable, yet every eye movement moves the image of world on retina. The dominant view states that attention must precede saccades to prepare brain for postsaccadic retinal input, which ensures a stable visual experience. A recent surge studies investigated asymmetries around field, including in presaccadic attention. Such demonstrated benefits task performance horizontal and downward saccades, but strikingly no such benefit was observed upward saccades. An absence shifts would contrast indicate may not be necessary ensure perceptual continuity. Here, we capitalized fact pupil light response robustly tracks spatial investigate whether up‐ downwards. We manipulated landing brightness ensuing saccade could prepared prior saccade. Specifically, either presented patches throughout trial or only these upon onset. In two experiments, earlier responses both when presaccadically. This shows shifted agrees with being instrumental realizing Reconciling previously contradictory findings, can without necessarily yielding all facets processing at attended location. Nevertheless, our findings demonstrate shift along vertical meridian.

Язык: Английский

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Functional benefits of cognitively driven pupil‐size changes

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(3)

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2023

Abstract Pupil‐size changes are typically associated with the pupil light response (PLR), where they driven by physical entry of into eye. However, pupil‐size also influenced various cognitive processes, higher‐level cognition. For example, strength PLR is not solely affected properties but factors, such as whether source attended or not, which results in an increase decrease PLR. Surprisingly, although cognitively have been focus extensive research, their possible functions rarely discussed. Here we consider relative (dis)advantages small versus large pupils different situations from a theoretical point view, and compare these to empirical showing how size actually situations. Based on this, suggest that optimize vision either through preparation, embodied representations, differential emphasis central peripheral vision. More generally, argue form sensory tuning: subtle adjustment eyes for current situation immediate future. This article categorized under: Neuroscience > Cognition Physiology Behavior

Язык: Английский

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Pupillary Responses Reflect Image Memorability

Psychophysiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 62(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

This study examined whether pupil size varies as a function of the memorability natural scene images. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to memorize, recognize, and passively view high- low-memorability images from an established dataset. The baseline-corrected sizes larger for high-memorability images, but only during old trials in recognition phase. However, after implementing stricter controls image luminance arousal, dilation was observed across all phases: memorization, recognition, passive viewing (Experiments 2 3). effect further validated through item-based analysis. Both old/new subsequent memory replicated, these effects are probably separable memorability. results this suggest that is sensitive regardless behavioral task, supporting intrinsic, higher-order property image.

Язык: Английский

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Effort drives saccade selection

eLife, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

What determines where to move the eyes? We recently showed that pupil size, a well-established marker of effort, also reflects effort associated with making saccade (‘saccade costs’). Here, we demonstrate costs critically drive selection: when choosing between any two directions, least costly direction was consistently preferred. Strikingly, this principle even held during search in natural scenes additional experiments. When increasing cognitive demand experimentally through an auditory counting task, participants made fewer saccades and especially cut directions. This suggests eye-movement system other operations consume similar resources are flexibly allocated among each as changes. Together, argue behavior is tuned adaptively minimize saccade-inherent effort.

Язык: Английский

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Effort and salience jointly drive saccade selection

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Intensity of Internal and External Attention Assessed with Pupillometry

Journal of Cognition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(1), С. 8 - 8

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Not only is visual attention shifted to objects in the external world, can also be directed memory. We have recently shown that pupil size indexes how strongly items are attended externally, which was reflected more precise encoding into working Using a retro-cuing paradigm, we here replicated this finding by showing stronger constrictions during were reflective of depth encoding. Importantly, extend previous work revealed intensity internal toward content stored Specifically, dilation prioritization one among multiple internally representations predicted precision prioritized item. Furthermore, dynamics pupillary responses and independently determined internalized representations. Our results show both not all-or-none processes, but should rather thought as continuous resources deployed at varying intensities. The employed pupillometric approach allows unravel intricate interplay between their effects on

Язык: Английский

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Sensory Input Matching Visual Working Memory Guides Internal Prioritization

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2024

Abstract Adaptive behavior necessitates the prioritization of most relevant information in environment (external) and memory (internal). Internal is known to guide selection external sensory input, but reverse may also be possible: Does memorized material? Here we addressed whether reappearing input matching visual working (VWM) facilitates other non-reappearing items. Participants (total n = 72) three orientations. Crucially some, not all, items maintained VWM were made available again environment. These never had reproduced later. Experiment 1 showed that reappearance all one item benefited accuracy speed same extent as a spatial retro cue. This shows memory-matching allow for dynamic another item. What aspects drive this effect? 2 demonstrated was facilitated if matched content terms both location orientation. Sensory fully likely processed more efficiently, possibly leading stronger content. We robustness our findings 3. propose link between processing bidirectional: internal representations which turn subserve adaptive behavior. Public significance statement Visual attention allows selective objects contents held memory. To date, studies have investigated using static displays. However, everyday life, appear, disappear reappear from field within matter seconds. participants could leverage nature world prioritization. In experiments demonstrate humans capitalize on prioritize other, objects. Moreover, found whenever fully, material effective. Our results provide insights into how occur natural settings.

Язык: Английский

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Effort Drives Saccade Selection

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2024

What determines where to move the eyes? We recently showed that pupil size, a well-established marker of effort, also reflects effort associated with making saccade ('saccade costs'). Here we demonstrate costs critically drive selection: when choosing between any two directions, least costly direction was consistently preferred. Strikingly, this principle even held during search in natural scenes additional experiments. When increasing cognitive demand experimentally through an auditory counting task, participants made fewer saccades and especially cut directions. This suggests eye-movement system other operations consume similar resources are flexibly allocated among each as changes. Together, argue behavior is tuned adaptively minimize saccade-inherent effort.

Язык: Английский

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Effort Drives Saccade Selection

eLife, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 17, 2024

What determines where to move the eyes? We recently showed that pupil size, a well-established marker of effort, also reflects effort associated with making saccade (’saccade costs’). Here we demonstrate costs critically drive selection: when choosing between any two directions, least costly direction was consistently preferred. Strikingly, this principle even held during search in natural scenes additional experiments. When increasing cognitive demand experimentally through an auditory counting task, participants made fewer saccades and especially cut directions. This suggests eye-movement system other operations consume similar resources are flexibly allocated among each as changes. Together, argue behavior is tuned adaptively minimize saccade-inherent effort.

Язык: Английский

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