The Lancet Psychiatry Commission on youth mental health

The Lancet Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(9), С. 731 - 774

Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Post‐traumatic stress disorder: evolving conceptualization and evidence, and future research directions

World Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1), С. 52 - 80

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

The understanding of responses to traumatic events has been greatly influenced by the introduction diagnosis post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this paper we review initial versions diagnostic criteria for condition and associated epidemiological findings, including sociocultural differences. We consider evidence reactions occurring in multiple contexts not previously defined as traumatic, implications that these observations have diagnosis. More recent developments such DSM‐5 dissociative subtype ICD‐11 complex PTSD are reviewed, adding there several distinct phenotypes. describe psychological foundations PTSD, involving disturbances memory well identity. A broader focus on identity may be able accommodate group communal influences experience trauma impact resource loss. then summarize current concerning biological with a particular genetic neuroimaging studies. Whereas progress prevention disappointing, is now an extensive supporting efficacy variety treatments established trauma‐focused interventions – cognitive behavior therapy (TF‐CBT) eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) non‐trauma‐focused therapies, which also include some emerging identity‐based approaches present‐centered compassion‐focused therapies. Additionally, promising neither nor pharmacological, or combine pharmacological approach, 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)‐assisted psychotherapy. advances priority areas adapting resource‐limited settings across cultural contexts, community‐based approaches. conclude identifying future directions work mental health.

Язык: Английский

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Zipper Pattern: An Investigation into Psychotic Criminal Detection Using EEG Signals

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(2), С. 154 - 154

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2025

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) signal-based machine learning models are among the most cost-effective methods for information retrieval. In this context, we aimed to investigate cortical activities of psychotic criminal subjects by deploying an explainable feature engineering (XFE) model using EEG dataset. Methods: study, a new dataset was curated, containing signals from and control groups. To extract meaningful findings dataset, presented channel-based extraction function named Zipper Pattern (ZPat). The proposed ZPat extracts features analyzing relationships between channels. selection phase XFE model, iterative neighborhood component analysis (INCA) selector used choose distinctive features. classification phase, employed ensemble distance-based classifier achieve high performance. Therefore, t-algorithm-based k-nearest neighbors (tkNN) obtain results. Directed Lobish (DLob) symbolic language derive interpretable results identities selected vectors in final ZPat-based model. Results: leave-one-record-out (LORO) 10-fold cross-validation (CV) were used. achieved over 95% accuracy on curated Moreover, connectome diagram related detection created DLob-based artificial intelligence (XAI) method. Conclusions: regard, both performance interpretability. Thus, contributes engineering, psychiatry, neuroscience, forensic sciences. is one pioneering XAI investigating criminal/criminal individuals.

Язык: Английский

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The youth mental health crisis: analysis and solutions

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025

Background Since the mid-20th century, mental illness has become a leading cause of health burden, particularly among adolescents and emerging adults, with most disorders before age 25. Over past two decades, ill surged to alarming levels, evidence confirming that increase is not just due better awareness or diagnosis but reflects genuine public crisis. Study design/method We explore evolving landscape youth its contributing factors, including family dynamics, educational pressures, climate change, social media, socio-economic challenges, potentially linked neoliberal policies. A narrative review methodology was employed analyze these factors their role in trends ill-health young people. results document since mid-1990s, focusing on substance use people current needs. Potential new explanatory megatrends, flowing from paradigm shift global political economy which largely passed under radar, yet produced fragmentation inequality, are identified, COVID-19 pandemic further intensifying trends. discuss methodologies estimate contribution megatrends outline potential barriers implementation, along strategies overcome them. Conclusion This calls for comprehensive action plan, emphasizing prevention, early intervention, improved treatment strategies. In addition strengthening may take time be elusive, immediate needed innovate expand services, currently under-resourced overwhelmed.

Язык: Английский

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Social determinants of mental health in major depressive disorder: Umbrella review of 26 meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Psychiatry Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 335, С. 115854 - 115854

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Mental Health and Well-Being in the Modern Era: A Comprehensive Review of Challenges and Interventions

Cureus, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2025

A critical global concern in the modern era is mental health and well-being, where rapid socioeconomic change, technological advancements, lifestyle shifts have significantly impacted individuals' psychological health. Primary stressors today include urbanization, digital dependency, social isolation, economic pressures, alongside escalating prevalence of disorders such as depression, anxiety, burnout. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated crises, increasing vulnerability populations during times uncertainty instability. This paper critically examines emerging connections between factors sleep, diet, exercise. Interventions are discussed from a multidimensional perspective, encompassing pharmacological treatments, psychotherapy, tools, community-based programs. Special attention given to rise telemedicine mobile apps, offering innovative solutions bridge gaps healthcare accessibility. Furthermore, review underscores importance preventive approaches, promoting literacy, reducing stigma, fostering resilience through mindfulness, cognitive behavioral techniques, support systems.

Язык: Английский

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Pharmaco-Multiomics: A New Frontier in Precision Psychiatry

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(3), С. 1082 - 1082

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025

The landscape of psychiatric care is poised for transformation through the integration pharmaco-multiomics, encompassing genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, and microbiomics. This review discusses how these approaches can revolutionize personalized treatment strategies in psychiatry by providing a nuanced understanding molecular bases disorders individual pharmacotherapy responses. With nearly one billion affected individuals globally, shortcomings traditional treatments, characterized inconsistent efficacy frequent adverse effects, are increasingly evident. Advanced computational technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning (ML) play crucial roles processing integrating complex omics data, enhancing predictive accuracy, creating tailored therapeutic strategies. To effectively harness potential pharmaco-multiomics psychiatry, it to address challenges high costs, technological demands, disparate healthcare systems. Additionally, navigating stringent ethical considerations, including data security, discrimination, ensuring equitable access, essential full realization this approach. process requires ongoing validation comprehensive efforts. By analyzing recent advances elucidating different omic dimensions contribute customization, aims highlight promising role patient outcomes shifting treatments from one-size-fits-all approach towards more precise patient-centered model care.

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the longitudinal bi-directional relationship between self-reported restrictive eating behaviours and sleep in UK adolescents within the Millennium Cohort Study

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal bi-directional relationship between self-reported restrictive eating behaviours and sleep characteristics within a sample of UK adolescents from Millennium Cohort Study (MCS). Method Using Structural Equation Modelling approach, present investigated prospective associations individual (e.g., timing, onset latency, social jetlag) at age 14 17. Moreover, association (age 14) quality 17) was tested. A mediation analysis conducted explore role depressive symptoms in these relationships. In total, N = 6,041 young people provided self-report data both timepoints (sweep 6 & 7) subsample 2,164 additionally diary on their over two separate 24 h periods. Results Sleep indicators did not significantly predict changes across time. However, engagement predicted poorer self-perceived three years later (β 0.06, SE 0.01, p <.01). Depressive fully mediated this (indirect effect: β 0.05, 0.04, <.001). Discussion The provides evidence for positive subsequent large, general population sample. Findings suggest mood as potential target tertiary prevention when addressing an disorder risk factor adolescents.

Язык: Английский

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of community treatment orders on aggression or criminal behaviour in people with a mental illness

Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 34

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Aims There has been concern about violent acts and other criminal behaviour by people with a possible history of mental health problems. We therefore assessed the effects community treatment orders (CTOs) on self-, third-party-, agency-reported when compared to voluntary treatment. Methods A systematic search PubMed/Medline, Embase, PsycINFO justice bibliographic databases for observational or randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing CTO cases controls receiving psychiatric Relevant outcomes were reports violence aggression contacts system such as arrests court appearances. Results Thirteen papers from 11 studies met inclusion criteria. Nine came United States four Australia. Two RCTs. all non-significant, effect size declining study design improved non-randomised data self-reported behaviour, through third party records finally Similarly, there was no significant finding in subgroup analysis serious behaviour. Conclusions On limited available evidence, CTOs may not address illness. This is possibly because risk increased comorbid nonclinical variables, which are beyond scope CTOs. These include substance use, victimisation maltreatment, wider environment. The management should focus whole person their social public interventions, solely legislative control.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence, disparities, and trends in intimate partner violence against women living in urban slums in 34 low-income and middle-income countries: a multi-country cross-sectional study

EClinicalMedicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 81, С. 103140 - 103140

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

SummaryBackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health issue, closely tied to social and neighborhood environments. The impoverished, overcrowded, stressful conditions in urban slums may heighten IPV risk, yet evidence remains limited. This study aims assess the prevalence, disparities, trends of across low- middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsThis cross-sectional used nationally representative Demographic Health Surveys data from 2006 2023, focusing on with available domestic for women aged 15–49. outcomes measured include past-year exposure any (primary outcome) physical IPV, sexual psychological (secondary outcomes). We examined both absolute relative disparities between slums, non-slum urban, rural areas using differences ratios. Additionally, we Fairlie decomposition analysis based multivariable logistic regression model examine contributions risk factors (i.e., poor relationships, gender inequality, poverty) disparities. For multiple surveys, conducted trend by assessing annual changes prevalence disparities.FindingsAmong 283,658 34 LMICs, 14,111 (5.0%) lived slums. was notably high, 18 studied above 30% IPV. Women experienced higher rates than those areas. example, 31.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 30.7–32.2), which 5.9 percentage points CI: 5.1–6.7, P < 0.0001) that 1.2 0.4–2.0, = 0.0022) Controlling behavior husbands explained largest proportion all types other 27.2% 25.1–29.3) could be this factor. In ten showed rising four countries—Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Mali, Nigeria—with Sierra Leone having most increase (4.6 points, 95% 2.5–6.6, 0.0001).InterpretationOur findings suggest more prevalent areas, underscoring need targeted strategies, such as addressing harmful partner's behaviors.FundingThis research supported China National Natural Science Foundation Research Fund, Vanke School Public Health, Tsinghua University.

Язык: Английский

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