Glucagon-like peptide 1 agonist and effects on reward behaviour: A systematic review

Physiology & Behavior, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 283, С. 114622 - 114622

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2024

The roles of metabolic signals, including Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), have been implicated in multiple domains outside regulation. There is a growing interest repurposing receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) as therapeutics for motivation and reward-related behavioural disturbances. Herein, we aim to systematically review the extant evidence on potential effects GLP-1RAs reward system.

Язык: Английский

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Cell therapy for neurological disorders

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(10), С. 2756 - 2770

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Social Media Algorithms and Teen Addiction: Neurophysiological Impact and Ethical Considerations

Cureus, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Does it matter how many hours we spend scrolling through Instagram? This article examines the neurobiological impact of prolonged social media use, focusing on affects brain's reward, attention, and emotional regulation systems. Frequent engagement with platforms alters dopamine pathways, a critical component in reward processing, fostering dependency analogous to substance addiction. Furthermore, changes brain activity within prefrontal cortex amygdala suggest increased sensitivity compromised decision-making abilities. The role artificial intelligence (AI) this process is significant. AI-driven algorithms are designed solely capture our attention for profit without prioritizing ethical concerns, personalizing content, enhancing user by continuously tailoring feeds individual preferences. These adaptive maximize screen time, thereby deepening activation centers. cycle optimized content heightened accelerates development addictive behaviors. interplay between altered physiology optimization creates feedback loop that promotes addiction among teenagers. raises significant concerns regarding privacy promotion personalized content. review offers comprehensive in-depth analysis neurophysiological adolescents moral governing them. It also provides solutions use preventing

Язык: Английский

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Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: An Introduction and Possible Implications for Neuropsychiatry

Journal of Neuropsychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(2), С. A4 - 86

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Repeated binge‐like eating episodes in female rats alter adenosine A_2A and dopamine D2 receptor genes regulation in the brain reward system

International Journal of Eating Disorders, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 57(7), С. 1433 - 1446

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024

Abstract Objective Binge‐eating disorder is an eating characterized by recurrent binge‐eating episodes, during which individuals consume excessive amounts of highly palatable food (HPF) in a short time. This study investigates the intricate relationship between repeated episode and transcriptional regulation two key genes, adenosine A 2A receptor ( AR ) dopamine D2 D2R ), selected brain regions rats. Method Binge‐like behavior on HPF was induced through combination restrictions frustration stress (15 min exposure to without access it) female rats, compared control rats subjected only restriction or none these conditions. After chronic nucleic acids were extracted from different regions, gene expression levels assessed real‐time quantitative PCR. The methylation pattern genes' promoters investigated using pyrosequencing. Results analysis revealed upregulation amygdala ventral tegmental area (VTA), downregulation nucleus accumbens Concurrently, site‐specific DNA alterations at identified VTA for caudate putamen . Discussion genes highlight significance epigenetic mechanisms etiology behavior, underscore potential targeted therapeutic interventions, prevent development this maladaptive feeding behavior. These findings provide valuable insights future research field disorders. Public Significance Using animal model with face, construct, predictive validity, cycles evoke we regulation. They could represent new targets pharmacological management disorders

Язык: Английский

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Multisensory stimulation reduces neuropsychiatric symptoms and enhances cognitive function in older adults with dementia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100091 - 100091

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Drug addiction and treatment: An epigenetic perspective

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 170, С. 115951 - 115951

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2023

Drug addiction is a complex disease affected by numerous genetic and environmental factors. Brain regions in reward pathway, neuronal adaptations, epigenetic interactions causing transcriptional enhancement or repression of multiple genes induce different phenotypes for varying duration. Addictive drug use causes alterations similarly changes induced environment can promote addiction. Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation post-translational modifications like methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, sumoylation, dopaminylation crotonylation histones, ADP-ribosylation. Non-coding RNAs also changes. This review discusses these above areas stresses the need exploring epidrugs as treatment alternative adjunct, considering limited success current strategies. Epigenome editing complexes have lately been effective eukaryotic systems. Targeted cleavage techniques such CRISPR-Cas9 system, CRISPR-dCas9 complexes, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) zinc-finger (ZFNs) exploited targeted recognition anchoring platforms, fused with writer eraser proteins delivered transfection transduction methods. Efficacy seen various neuropsychiatric conditions initial results involving model organisms are remarkable. Epidrugs present promising

Язык: Английский

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From Reward to Anhedonia-Dopamine Function in the Global Mental Health Context

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(9), С. 2469 - 2469

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2023

When “hijacked” by compulsive behaviors that affect the reward and stress centers of brain, functional changes in dopamine circuitry occur as consequence pathological brain adaptation. As a correlate mental health, has central role behavioral regulation from healthy reward-seeking to adaptation response adversity. This narrative review offers spotlight view transition function, under control dopamine, progressive deregulation this function interactions with other circuits, producing what may be called an anti-reward state. How such is linked specific health-relevant then explained pandemic-related adversities stresses they engendered. The long lockdown periods where people social isolation had rely on drink, food, digital rewards via internet seen major triggers motivation behavior worldwide. dopamine-mediated discussed. It argued that, when pushed fate circumstance into physiological state anti-reward, human health affected, depending individual vulnerabilities. A unified conceptual account places at centre current global context proposed.

Язык: Английский

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Food Cravings and Obesity in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Considerations

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(7), С. 1049 - 1049

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, constitutes a metabolic frequently associated with obesity and insulin resistance (IR). Furthermore, PCOS often suffer from excessive anxiety depression, elicited by low self-esteem due to obesity, acne, hirsutism. These mood disorders are commonly food cravings binge eating. Hypothalamic signaling regulates appetite satiety, deteriorating consumption. However, hypothalamic function is incapable compensating for surplus PCOS, leading aggravation vicious circle. Hyperandrogenism, IR, reduced secretion cholecystokinin postprandially, leptin defined receptors' knockout hypothalamus have been implicated pathogenesis dysfunction dysregulation. Diet modifications, exercise, psychological medical interventions applied alleviate disorders, interrupting Cognitive-behavioral intervention seems be mainstay treatment, while role agents, such as GLP-1 analogs naltrexone/bupropion, has emerged.

Язык: Английский

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The Relationship between Canine Behavioral Disorders and Gut Microbiome and Future Therapeutic Perspectives

Animals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(14), С. 2048 - 2048

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2024

Canine behavioral disorders have become one of the most common concerns and challenging issues among dog owners. Thus, there is a great demand for knowledge about various factors affecting dogs’ emotions well-being. Among them, gut–brain axis seems to be particularly interesting, especially since in many instances standard treatment or therapies insufficiently improve animal behavior. Therefore, face this challenge, search novel therapeutic methods highly required. Existing data show that mammals’ gut microbiome, immune system, nervous system are continuous communication influence physiology This review aimed summarize discuss important scientific evidence on relationship between mental microbiota dogs, simultaneously presenting comparable outcomes humans rodent models. A comprehensive overview crucial mechanisms included. refers neurotransmitters behavior, which regulated by main microbial metabolites—short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). presents summarized dysbiosis relation inflammation process within organism, as well activation hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. All above presented strict correlation with brain and/or changes animal. Additionally, according human laboratory studies, microbiome appears altered individuals disorders; thus, strategies manipulate implemented. also fecal transplantation (FMT) method, based transferring matter from donor into gastrointestinal tract recipient order modulate microbiota. In review, possible effects FMT procedure discussed.

Язык: Английский

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