Chromatin and gene expression changes during female Drosophila germline stem cell development illuminate the biology of highly potent stem cells
eLife,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2023
Highly
potent
animal
stem
cells
either
self
renew
or
launch
complex
differentiation
programs,
using
mechanisms
that
are
only
partly
understood.
Drosophila
female
germline
(GSCs)
perpetuate
without
change
over
evolutionary
time
and
generate
cystoblast
daughters
develop
into
nurse
oocytes.
Cystoblasts
initiate
by
generating
a
transient
syncytial
state,
the
cyst,
increasing
pericentromeric
H3K9me3
modification,
actions
likely
to
suppress
transposable
element
activity.
Relatively
open
GSC
chromatin
is
further
restricted
Polycomb
repression
of
testis
somatic
cell-expressed
genes
briefly
active
in
early
germ
cells.
Subsequently,
Neijre/CBP
Myc
help
upregulate
growth
reprogram
metabolism
altering
mitochondrial
transmembrane
transport,
gluconeogenesis,
other
processes.
In
all
these
respects
resembles
development
totipotent
zygote.
We
propose
cell
state
was
shaped
need
resist
transposon
activity
timescales.
Язык: Английский
Plant plasmodesmata bridges form through ER-dependent incomplete cytokinesis
Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
386(6721), С. 538 - 545
Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2024
Diverging
from
conventional
cell
division
models,
plant
cells
undergo
incomplete
to
generate
plasmodesmata
communication
bridges
between
daughter
cells.
Although
fundamental
for
multicellularity,
the
molecular
events
leading
bridge
stabilization,
as
opposed
severing,
remain
unknown.
Using
electron
tomography,
we
mapped
transition
plate
fenestrae
plasmodesmata.
We
show
that
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
connects
across
fenestrae,
and
matures,
contract,
causing
plasma
membrane
(PM)
mold
around
constricted
ER
tubes.
The
ER's
presence
prevents
fusion,
forming
plasmodesmata,
whereas
its
absence
results
in
closure.
ER-PM
protein
tethers
MCTP3,
MCTP4,
MCTP6
further
stabilize
nascent
during
contraction.
Genetic
deletion
Язык: Английский
Examination of germline and somatic intercellular bridges in Hydra vulgaris reveals insights into the evolutionarily conserved mechanism of intercellular bridge formation
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025
Abstract
Incomplete
cytokinesis
results
in
the
formation
of
stable
intercellular
bridges
that
have
been
extensively
studied
bilaterians,
where
they
play
essential
roles
cell-cell
communication
and
coordination
differentiation.
However,
little
is
known
about
their
structure
molecular
composition
non-bilaterian
animals.
This
study
characterizes
germline
somatic
cnidarian
Hydra
vulgaris
,
providing
insights
into
evolutionary
origins
functional
significance.
We
identified
key
conserved
components,
including
KIF23,
F-actin,
phosphotyrosine.
Notably,
we
observed
microtubule
localization
within
ring
canals,
suggesting
previously
unrecognized
functions
for
this
cytoskeletal
component
bridge
formation.
Bioinformatic
analyses
confirmed
expression
Kif23
suggested
its
role
as
a
marker
identifying
canal-associated
components.
EdU
incorporation
during
DNA
replication
demonstrated
cells
connected
by
canals
exhibit
synchronized
cell
cycles,
which
may
be
critical
division
Our
findings
reveal
structural
features
are
across
lineages,
highlighting
ancient
significance
cellular
connectivity.
The
presence
cycles
canal-connected
underscores
promoting
coordinated
behaviors,
processes
fundamental
to
multicellular
organization.
provides
new
perspectives
on
evolution
incomplete
establishes
framework
comparative
investigations
diversity
conservation
mechanisms
metazoans.
Язык: Английский
Fusome morphogenesis is sufficient to promote female germline stem cell self-renewal inDrosophila
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 13, 2025
Many
tissue-resident
stem
cells
are
retained
through
asymmetric
cell
division,
a
process
that
ensures
self-renewal
each
mitotic
cycle.
Asymmetric
organelle
distribution
has
been
proposed
as
mechanism
by
which
marked
for
long-term
retention;
however,
it
is
not
clear
whether
biased
localization
cause
or
an
effect
of
division.
In
Drosophila
females,
endoplasmic
reticulum-like
called
the
fusome
continually
regenerated
in
germline
(GSCs)
and
associated
with
GSC
Here,
we
report
β-importin
Tnpo-SR
essential
regeneration.
Depletion
disrupts
cytoskeletal
organization
during
interphase
nuclear
membrane
remodeling
mitosis.
does
localize
to
microtubules,
centrosomes,
fusome,
suggesting
its
role
maintaining
these
processes
indirect.
Despite
this,
find
restoring
morphogenesis
-depleted
GSCs
sufficient
rescue
maintenance
cycle
progression.
We
conclude
functionally
regeneration
progression,
supporting
model
rebuilding
promotes
identity
niche
retention.
Regeneration
ER-like
female
cells,
relies
on
Tnpo-SR-dependent
reorganization
microtubule
network
interphase.
Язык: Английский
Plant plasmodesmata bridges form through ER-driven incomplete cytokinesis
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2023
Diverging
from
conventional
cell
division
models,
plant
cells
undergo
incomplete
to
generate
plasmodesmata
communication
bridges
between
daughter
cells.
While
fundamental
for
multicellularity,
the
molecular
events
leading
bridge
stabilization,
as
opposed
severing,
remain
unknown.
Using
electron
tomography,
we
mapped
transition
plate
fenestrae
plasmodesmata.
We
show
that
ER
connects
across
fenestrae,
and
matures,
contract,
causing
PM
mold
around
constricted
tubes.
The
ER's
presence
prevents
fusion,
forming
plasmodesmata,
while
its
absence
results
in
closure.
ER-PM
tethers
MCTP3,
4,
6
further
stabilize
nascent
during
contraction.
Genetic
deletion
Язык: Английский
Phylogenetic analysis of Centralspindlin and Ect2 provides mechanistic insights into the emergence of Metazoa and multicellularity
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2024
Abstract
Obligate
multicellularity
evolved
at
least
5
times
in
eukaryotes,
including
the
origin
of
Metazoa
[1,
2].
However,
molecular
events
leading
to
acquisition
are
not
understood
any
lineage.
Here,
I
present
an
integrated
analysis
into
contemporaneous
emergence
three
regulators
cytokinesis
and
Metazoan
kingdom.
Phylogenetic
computational
structural
analyses
indicate
that
simultaneous
presence
key
cytokinesis,
Kif23,
Cyk4,
Ect2
is
Metazoan-specific.
Structurally,
these
proteins
highly
conserved
across
all
Metazoa.
These
cytokinetic
link
plane
cell
division
with
position
spindle
during
anaphase
subsequently
nucleate
assembly
stable
intercellular
bridges
[3–6],
structures
prevalent
germlines
[7].
Furthermore,
certain
Choanoflagellates
more
basal
amoeboid
species,
some
which
exhibit
incomplete
encode
divergent
orthologs
regulators.
findings,
conjunction
prior
knowledge,
suggests
evolutionary
refinement
directly
contributed
evolution
germline
development.
Язык: Английский