Global change on the roof of the world: Vulnerability of Himalayan otter species to land use and climate alterations

Diversity and Distributions, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 28(8), С. 1635 - 1649

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2021

Abstract Aim Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment (CCVA) prescribes the quantification of species vulnerability based on three components: sensitivity, adaptive capacity and exposure. Such assessments should be performed through combined approaches that integrate trait‐based elements (e.g., measures sensitivity such as niche width) with correlative tools quantifying exposure (magnitude changes in climate within habitat). Furthermore, land use alterations may increase impacts biodiversity, CCVAs focus both change effects. Unfortunately, most have so far focused exclusively to change. Location Himalaya. Methods We evaluated otter occurring Himalayan region, is, Aonyx cinereus, Lutra lutra Lutrogale perspicillata , 2050 recently proposed Niche Factor Analysis (CNFA) framework Species Distribution Models. Results Future will reduce (6%–15%) shift (10%–18%) geographical range Himalaya, exerting more severe effects than Among components, played a greater role determining otters. Specifically, specialist species, L. perspicillata, showed highest comparison generalist, . Main conclusions Our results underline how coupling components can generate diverging predictions compared relying only. Moreover, intrinsic proved significantly important extrinsic metrics habitat

Язык: Английский

---

Assessing determinants of scaling up pathways for adopted CSA Climate Smart Agricultural practices: Evidence from Climate Smart Villages in Nyando Basin, Kenya

Cogent Food & Agriculture, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Март 31, 2024

Africa has recently experienced adverse climate changes and recognized tremendous advancement of numerous Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) technologies with ability to promote resilience productivity. However, these good strategies are not only unknown, but their extensive uptake remain subtle particularly beyond the scope area, especially among poor rural small-scale farmers. There prevailing barriers that inhibit upscaling practices so far existing actions policies remove challenges scarce. Therefore, study's main objective was assess determinants or boost scaling up pathways for adopted CSA in Nyando basin. Primary data collected baseline, end-line financial diaries panel from 122 households. Logistic regression model Descriptive statistics were used analyze data. The findings which significant (p < 0.05) illustrated shocks emergence new pests/diseases, little/high rainfall highly affected productivity, resulting dis-adoption up. variant cause floods, drought, occurrence pests on crops livestock. evidence households' collective decisions farming expenditures. Knowledge astute, social capital market-based potential "pull" aspects could encourage CSVs. study recommends improving use multi-faceted approaches assimilate environmental, agronomic, molecular, institutional scopes. Additionally, improve market access, cooperatives capacity building base level farmers relate constraints solutions offered by adoption.

Язык: Английский

---

Changes in plant species richness distribution in Tibetan alpine grasslands under different precipitation scenarios

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 21, С. e00848 - e00848

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2019

Species richness is the core of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning (BEF) research. Nevertheless, it difficult to accurately predict changes in plant species under different climate scenarios, especially alpine biomes. In this study, we surveyed from 2009 2017 75 meadows (AM), 199 steppes (AS), and 71 desert (DS) Tibetan Autonomous Region, China. Along with 20 environmental factors relevant settlement, development, survival, first simulated spatial pattern current conditions using random forest modelling. Our results showed that matched well observed values field, showing an evident decrease then deserts. Summer precipitation, which ranked among factors, was further confirmed be most critical driver distribution. Next, compared patterns four precipitation increasing decreasing summer by 20% 10%, relative pattern. findings response altered grassland-type specific, being sensitive deserts remaining resistant. addition, at low elevations more than implying droughts might have stronger influences wetting on composition. contrast, high (also deserts) changed slightly likely due harsh physical small pools for recruitment survival. Finally, suggest policymakers herdsmen pay attention grasslands central Tibet where changes.

Язык: Английский

---

Protected areas in the Hindu Kush Himalaya: A regional assessment of the status, distribution, and gaps

Conservation Science and Practice, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 4(10)

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2022

Abstract Protected areas (PAs) are a key strategy for conserving of outstanding biodiversity value and promoting sustainable development. Significant efforts have been made toward establishing PAs over the last few decades across globe. However, an assessment in mountain regions, including rich Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH), is lacking. We assessed status, trend, distribution ecological representativeness PA network. Our analysis showed HKH has total 575 covering 40.17% region, accounting 8.49% global coverage. The hosts 335 Important Bird Biodiversity Areas (IBAs), 348 Key (KBAs), 12 Global 200 Ecoregions, 4 Hotspots. study limited representation current system as 67% ecoregions, 39% hotspots, 69% KBAs, 76% IBAs still outside system. About 47% small (<250 sq. km) with no connectivity to other majority distributed lower reaches HKH. These findings suggest need assess demarcate potential corridors improve between integrate into wider conservation landscapes at national regional scale beyond country boundaries through cooperation. There also strengthen management effectiveness governance consider effective area‐based measures especially higher elevations specific focus on representation.

Язык: Английский

---

Medicinal plants from the Himalayan region for potential novel antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory skin treatments

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 73(7), С. 956 - 967

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2021

Adequate treatment of wounds remains one the major medical needs globally, most notably in regions with poor or limited access to health care. In many local and traditional systems medicine, plants are often widely used for treating infected wounds.The overarching aim this project was selection potential species use a future by combining plant resources aspects antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Specifically, we focussed on locally Himalayan region skin disorders then assessed existing pharmacological evidence key based published available.Database searches were performed identify relevant publications describing uses Bhutan, PR China, India, Nepal Pakistan. Using Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), researched terms their distribution including different climatic regions, focussing mostly found higher zones (based Köppen-Geiger climate classification). For three more countries restricted altitudes, data safety, pharmacology, as it relates dermatological conditions, phytochemistry retrieved.The study identified total 606 that various conditions associated infections reported 84 articles. Common weeds like Ageratum conyzoides Bidens pilosa, cultivated Centealla asiatiaca Prunus armenica excluded. This ultimately led identification core group five (Cedrus deodara, Nardostachys jatamansi, Pinus wallichiana, roxburghii Valeriana jatamansi).Here apply novel approach comprising an assessment information medicinal (i.e. knowledge) context be biomedical form clinical - aPDT. Then, once sustainable sourcing benefit-sharing arrangements is place, these investigated wound treatment. Ultimately, goal develop new baseline primary care some world

Язык: Английский

---

A socio-ecological and geospatial approach for evaluation of ecosystem services to communities of the Eastern Himalayan Region, India

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(55), С. 116860 - 116875

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Conservation Challenges and Adaptation Strategies for Indian Himalayan Biodiversity in a Changing Climate

Environmental science and engineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 179 - 224

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Experimental investigation of vibrational signal in a fault induced Francis runner

Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

Hydro turbines are prone to failure and the detection of fault in turbine is essential ensure reliability power plant. This study investigates vibrational signals a fault-induced Francis using an experimental test setup identify trends that could be helpful diagnosis faults. By analyzing signal, aims correlate turbine's dynamic behavior. Faults have been introduced by adding masses blades, tests conducted under two different conditions: dry wet testing conditions for both normal faulty blades. The operating condition determined with help pressure, flow, RPM sensors. speed varied variable frequency drive. For acquisition vibration signals, NI-LabVIEW system employed along uniaxial sensor located at bearing. obtained data analyzed Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm wavelet transform frequency-domain characteristics. While studying comparing fundamental shaft, it found faults can either increase or decrease amplitude resonant peak system, but other frequencies remains almost unaffected.

Язык: Английский

---

Influence of open-top chambers induced climate warming on secondary metabolic profile of culturally and medicinally important plants of Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindukush

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(5), С. e0322480 - e0322480

Опубликована: Май 14, 2025

Plants native to colder climates, higher elevations, or semi-arid regions have more phenolic compounds in their organs. Faced with the current climate crisis, effects of global heating overgrazing pressure on natural pastures are not fully recognized Himalaya-Karakoram and Hindukush (HKH) region. The objective this research was investigate how biological active compound accumulation concentration high-elevation plants change under influence simulated warming which induced by open-top chambers. bioactive profiling plant species from experimental units were investigated through High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), compared control. That revealed a significant increase major acid flavonoid (Rutin, Quercetin, Myricetin, Gallic Acid, Kaempferol). other minor compounds, such as Vanillic Syringic Ferulic Catechin, showed species-specific variation concentration. responses indicated dominant positive adaptation P. macrophylla, A. rupestris, penduncularis, hololeuca, alpina , stress could accumulate secondary metabolites, explaining capacity for adaptation. These species’ proliferation stressed elevation grazing provides insightful information about exploitation may alter environmental sustainability.

Язык: Английский

---

Community-based responses for tackling environmental and socio-economic change and impacts in mountain social–ecological systems

AMBIO, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 51(5), С. 1123 - 1142

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2021

Язык: Английский

---