Abstract
In
recent
years,
(autonomy-centered)
enactivism
has
been
used
to
provide
an
integrative
and
relational
account
of
mental
conditions.
A
significant
advancement
lies
in
its
naturalized
pluralistic
treatment
normativity,
which
transcends
traditional
objectivist
normativist
dichotomies.
This
article
explores
the
varieties
normativity
within
this
paradigm
their
implications
for
understanding
We
address
purported
challenges
associated
with
integration
social
into
enactive
naturalistic
framework
cognition,
particularly
concerning
Drawing
upon
distinction
between
constitution
problem
status
problem,
we
conceptualize
conditions
as
intersubjectively
constituted
negotiated
status.
Adopting
a
participatory
sense-making
perspective,
three
posed
by
movements:
(1)
Hermeneutical
dilemmas
related
ontological
openness
health
categories.
(2)
The
difficulties
urgency
mitigate
epistemic
injustices.
(3)
complex
attribution
(social)
responsibility
psychological
wellbeing.
conclusion,
perspective
prompts
reevaluation
epistemological
assumptions,
advocating
second-person
engaged
on
The
biological
functions
debate
is
a
perennial
topic
in
the
philosophy
of
science.
In
first
full-length
account
nature
and
importance
for
many
years,
Justin
Garson
presents
an
innovative
new
theory,
'generalized
selected
effects
theory
function',
which
seamlessly
integrates
evolutionary
developmental
perspectives
on
functions.
He
develops
implications
contemporary
debates
mind,
medicine
psychiatry,
biology,
biology
itself,
addressing
issues
ranging
from
mental
representation
to
our
understanding
function
human
genome.
Clear,
jargon-free,
engagingly
written,
with
accessible
examples
explanatory
diagrams
illustrate
discussion,
his
book
will
be
highly
valuable
readers
across
philosophical
scientific
disciplines.
Animal Cognition,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
20(3), С. 375 - 395
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2017
There
is
a
tension
between
the
conception
of
cognition
as
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
process
and
view
extending
towards
body
or
contiguous
environment.
The
centralised
requires
large
complex
systems
to
cope
with
environments.
Conversely,
extended
involves
outsourcing
information
processing
environment,
thus
making
fewer
demands
on
power
CNS.
evolution
should
be
particularly
favoured
among
small,
generalist
predators
such
spiders,
here,
we
review
literature
evaluate
fit
empirical
data
these
contrasting
models
cognition.
Spiders
do
not
seem
cognitively
limited,
displaying
diversity
learning
processes,
from
habituation
contextual
learning,
including
sense
numerosity.
To
tease
apart
cognition,
apply
mutual
manipulability
criterion,
testing
existence
reciprocal
causal
links
putative
elements
system.
We
conclude
that
web
threads
configurations
are
integral
parts
cognitive
systems.
extension
helps
explain
some
puzzling
features
spider
behaviour
seems
promote
evolvability
within
group,
enhancing
innovation
through
connectivity
variable
habitat
features.
Graded
changes
in
relative
brain
size
could
also
explained
by
environmental
More
generally,
niche-constructed
structures
emerge
prime
candidates
for
animal
generating
selective
pressures
help
shape
evolving
Journal of the American Philosophical Association,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
3(1), С. 69 - 90
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2017
ABSTRACT:
I
contrast
an
ecological
account
of
natural
agency
with
the
traditional
Cartesian
conception
using
recent
research
in
bacterial
cognition
and
cellular
decision
making
as
a
test
case.
argue
that
conception—namely,
view
presupposes
cognition—generates
dilemma
between
mechanism,
bacteria
are
mere
automata,
intellectualism,
they
exhibit
full-blown
cognition.
Unicellular
organisms,
however,
occupy
middle
ground
these
two
extremes.
On
one
hand,
their
capacities
activities
too
adaptive
to
count
machines.
other
lack
open-ended
responsiveness
cognitive
agents
rational
norms.
An
gross
behavioral
capacity
respond
affordances,
argue,
does
not
presuppose
allows
for
degrees
along
continuum,
from
simplest
agents,
such
unicellular
most
sophisticated
agents.
Bacteria,
conclude,
,
hence
but
Synthese,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
198(S14), С. 3463 - 3488
Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2018
Abstract
The
free-energy
principle
states
that
all
systems
minimize
their
free
energy
resist
a
tendency
to
physical
disintegration.
Originally
proposed
account
for
perception,
learning,
and
action,
the
has
been
applied
evolution,
development,
morphology,
anatomy
function
of
brain,
called
postulate
,
an
unfalsifiable
natural
law
imperative
.
While
it
might
afford
theoretical
foundation
understanding
relationship
between
environment,
life,
mind,
its
epistemic
status
is
unclear.
Also
unclear
how
relates
prominent
approaches
life
science
phenomena,
such
as
organicism
mechanism.
This
paper
clarifies
both
issues,
identifies
limits
prospects
first
in
sciences.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
376(1820), С. 20190751 - 20190751
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2021
We
advance
an
account
that
grounds
cognition,
specifically
decision-making,
in
activity
all
organisms
as
autonomous
systems
must
perform
to
keep
themselves
viable—controlling
their
production
mechanisms.
Production
mechanisms,
we
characterize
them,
activities
such
procuring
resources
from
environment,
putting
these
use
construct
and
repair
the
organism's
body
moving
through
environment.
Given
variable
nature
of
environment
continual
degradation
organism,
mechanisms
be
regulated
by
control
select
when
a
is
required
how
it
should
carried
out.
To
operate
on
need
procure
information
measurement
processes
evaluate
possible
actions.
They
are
making
decisions.
In
organisms,
decisions
made
multiple
different
organized
not
hierarchically
but
heterarchically.
many
cases,
they
employ
internal
models
features
with
which
organism
deal.
Cognition,
form
thus
fundamental
living
This
article
part
theme
issue
‘Basal
cognition:
conceptual
tools
view
single
cell’.
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
9
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2022
Artificial
intelligence
has
made
tremendous
advances
since
its
inception
about
seventy
years
ago.
Self-driving
cars,
programs
beating
experts
at
complex
games,
and
smart
robots
capable
of
assisting
people
that
need
care
are
just
some
among
the
successful
examples
machine
intelligence.
This
kind
progress
might
entice
us
to
envision
a
society
populated
by
autonomous
performing
same
tasks
humans
do
in
near
future.
prospect
seems
limited
only
power
complexity
current
computational
devices,
which
is
improving
fast.
However,
there
several
significant
obstacles
on
this
path.
General
involves
situational
reasoning,
taking
perspectives,
choosing
goals,
an
ability
deal
with
ambiguous
information.
We
observe
all
these
characteristics
connected
identifying
exploiting
new
affordances—opportunities
(or
impediments)
path
agent
achieve
goals.
A
general
example
affordance
use
object
hands
agent.
show
it
impossible
predefine
list
such
uses.
Therefore,
they
cannot
be
treated
algorithmically.
means
“AI
agents”
organisms
differ
their
leverage
affordances.
Only
can
this.
implies
true
AGI
not
achievable
algorithmic
frame
AI
research.
It
also
important
consequences
for
theory
evolution.
argue
organismic
agency
strictly
required
truly
open-ended
evolution
through
radical
emergence.
discuss
diverse
ramifications
argument,
research
evolution,
but
philosophy
science.
This
Element
provides
a
comprehensive
introduction
to
philosophy
of
neuroscience.
It
covers
such
topics
as
how
neuroscientists
procure
knowledge,
including
not
just
research
techniques
but
the
use
various
model
organisms.
presents
examples
knowledge
acquired
in
neuroscience
that
are
then
employed
discuss
more
philosophical
nature
explanations
developed
neuroscience,
different
conception
levels
discussions
and
invocation
representations
explanations.
The
text
emphasizes
importance
brain
processes
beyond
those
neocortex
explores
what
makes
processing
different.
consider
view
nervous
system
consists
control
mechanisms
considers
arguments
for
hierarchical
vs.
heterarchical
organization
mechanisms.
concludes
by
considering
implications
findings
humans
conceive
themselves
practices
embracing
norms.