Adult Body Mass and Annual Production/Biomass Relationships of Field Populations

Ecological Monographs, Год журнала: 1980, Номер 50(3), С. 355 - 379

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 1980

We investigate specific production rates (per unit biomass) of populations using published data on the relation annual production/mean biomass (P/B). Aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates between sizes copepods clams are emphasized, ranging about 10 5 —fold in body mass upon reaching maturity (M s , kcal to compare with respiratory energy expense) 2 P/B. Fishes mammals briefly treated; phytoplankton is mentioned. For 33 living at mean temperatures 5° 20°C, M shown be an efficient precise estimator, or scaling factor, The rate declines markedly according P/B = 0.65M — 0 . 3 7 exponent differs significantly from —0.25 power comparative physiology. Most measured values fall within 50 200% predicted values. Much this variability associated ratio production/annual respiration (P/R): for a given species achieving half have P/R ratios 0.1; those twice 1.0. Age contributes some variability, late—maturing (>1 yr) tending towards higher not correlated phylogenetic relationships (excepting insects which might mass—dependent), trophic type, major habitat, rate, populations. >25° may elevated over temperate same while polar forms depressed. reasons single function governing dependence invertebrates, particular exponent, unclear; ecological cause, i.e., mortality, combining general size life processes, implicated. On average, mortality equals hence also by Very small metazoans (pelagic rotifers, benthic meiofauna) tend appreciably lower than indicated relationship larger invertebrates. A refuge predation being postulated apply phytoplankton. meiofauna, average 3—5 times below suggested. Annual fishes likewise decline ; few available yield exponents —0.26 —0.33, respectively. Ecological again invoked. Values seem 4—5 times, 20—25 mass.

Язык: Английский

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Is the meiofauna a good indicator for climate change and anthropogenic impacts?

Marine Biodiversity, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 45(3), С. 505 - 535

Опубликована: Июль 4, 2015

Our planet is changing, and one of the most pressing challenges facing scientific community revolves around understanding how ecological communities respond to global changes. From coastal deep-sea ecosystems, ecologists are exploring new areas research find model organisms that help predict future life on our planet. Among different categories organisms, meiofauna offer several advantages for study marine benthic ecosystems. This paper reviews advances in with regard climate change anthropogenic impacts. Four taxonomic groups valuable predicting changes: foraminifers (especially calcareous forms), nematodes, copepods ostracods. Environmental variables fundamental interpretation meiofaunal patterns multistressor experiments more informative than single stressor ones, revealing complex biological interactions. Global has a general negative effect meiofauna, important consequences food webs. However, some species can be favoured by extreme conditions induced change, as they exhibit remarkable physiological adaptations. review highlights need incorporate studies taxonomy, genetics function taxa into impact research.

Язык: Английский

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Refuges from Fish Predation: Experiments with Phytal Meiofauna from the New Zealand Rocky Intertidal

Ecology, Год журнала: 1983, Номер 64(6), С. 1599 - 1609

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 1983

Phytal meiofauna are numerically important members of rocky intertidal communities and known to be prey items for various small fishes. In a series experiments we demonstrated that substrate complexity is an factor in reducing predation. The alga Carollina officinalis, the most complex structure used, was only refuge from blenny (Helcogramma medium) predation total meiofauna, dominant taxon, copepods. This effect evident whether fauna were originally Corallina or another alga. One harpacticoid copepod species (Amphiascus lobatus) selectively preyed upon, with females preferentially taken over males. Our results those literature suggest fish on benthic invertebrates may not linearly related decreasing complexity. Rather there appears threshold below which removal rate significantly affected by above reduced.

Язык: Английский

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Food-chain relationships in subtidal silty sand marine sediments and the role of meiofauna in stimulating bacterial productivity

Oecologia, Год журнала: 1978, Номер 33(1), С. 55 - 69

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 1978

Язык: Английский

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Sandy Beach Ecology — A Review

Springer eBooks, Год журнала: 1983, Номер unknown, С. 321 - 380

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 1983

Язык: Английский

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None

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Год журнала: 1999, Номер 54(1), С. 47 - 68

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 1999

Язык: Английский

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An ecological and economic review of meiofauna as food for fish

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Год журнала: 1989, Номер 96(3), С. 243 - 261

Опубликована: Июль 1, 1989

An ecological and economic review of meiofauna as food for fish J. M. GEE 1Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Zoological Journal the Linnean Society, Volume 96, Issue 3, July 1989, Pages 243–261, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1989.tb02259.x Published: 15 May 2008

Язык: Английский

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Ecological and metabolic studies on free-living nematodes from an estuarine mud-flat

Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science, Год журнала: 1979, Номер 9(3), С. 257 - 271

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 1979

Язык: Английский

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Selective feeding byAbarenicola pacificawith notes onAbarenicola vagabundaand a concept of gardening in lugworms

Ophelia, Год журнала: 1975, Номер 14(1-2), С. 113 - 137

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 1975

Abstract Abarenicola pacifica ingests quantities of sediment but, normally, diatoms and most bacteria forming a surface film on ingested sand grains fragments algae pass the gut undigested. Ciliates, flagellates, small nematodes some in interstitial water are digested. The nutritionally important material is associated with particles passing 80 µm sieve. This selected for. Pauses feeding occur A. voids highly variable amounts feces. Due to selective for fine organic matter sediment, feces constantly richer components than surrounding worm. Only concentration protein, calculated as per cent total matter, higher front worm On basis high values protein distribution microorganisms artificial lugworm burrows, concept gardening introduced. implies that enriches by stimulating growth digestible microorganisms. irrigation behaviour significantly increase mineralization detritus not digested A comparison vagabunda indicates this species apparently utilizes degree pacifica.

Язык: Английский

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Carbon flows through a benthic food web: Integrating biomass, isotope and tracer data

Journal of Marine Research, Год журнала: 2006, Номер 64(3), С. 453 - 482

Опубликована: Май 1, 2006

The herbivorous, detrital and microbial pathways are major components of marine food webs.Although it is commonly recognized that these can be linked in several ways, elucidating carbon transfers between or within remains a challenge.Intertidal flat communities driven by wide spectrum organic matter sources support different the web.Here we reconstruct using inverse analysis based on mass balancing, stable isotope signatures tracer data.Data were available biomass, total production processing, integrated diet information from transfer recently produced through web an study.The integration data improved quality reconstruction considerably, as demonstrated explicitly uncertainty analysis.Deposition detritus (detrital pathway) water column subsequent assimilation respiration bacteria to lesser extent microbenthos (microbial dominated web.Secondary was (600 mg C m -2 d -1 ), but higher trophic levels limited 9% most bacterial recycled back dissolved (DOC) detritus.Microbenthos secondary (77 ) supported DOC (73%) (26%) entirely transferred up web.The consisting nematodes, meiobenthos (copepods, ostracods foraminifera) macrobenthos fed highly selectively relied primarily microphytobenthos pelagic primary (herbivorous pathway).Deposit feeding common mode among sediment dwelling fauna, detritivory negligible due this selective feeding.This strong resource selectivity implies herbivorous detrital-microbial function more less autonomously, with interaction.

Язык: Английский

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