Effects of terrestrial runoff on the ecology of corals and coral reefs: review and synthesis

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Год журнала: 2004, Номер 50(2), С. 125 - 146

Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2004

Язык: Английский

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The role of microorganisms in coral health, disease and evolution

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 5(5), С. 355 - 362

Опубликована: Март 26, 2007

Язык: Английский

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Nitrogen in Aquatic Ecosystems

AMBIO, Год журнала: 2002, Номер 31(2), С. 102 - 112

Опубликована: Март 1, 2002

Язык: Английский

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Alternative states on coral reefs: beyond coral–macroalgal phase shifts

Marine Ecology Progress Series, Год журнала: 2008, Номер 376, С. 295 - 306

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2008

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 376:295-306 (2009) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07815 REVIEW Alternative states on coral reefs: beyond coral–macroalgal phase shifts Albert V. Norström1,2,*, Magnus Nyström1,2, Jerker Lokrantz1,2, Carl Folke2,3 1Natural Resource Management, Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Stockholm Resilience Centre, 3The Beijer Institute, The Royal Swedish Academy Sciences, SE-104 05 *Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Degradation reefs is often associated with changes in community structure where macroalgae become dominant benthic life form. These can be difficult reverse. debate reef has not focused reports becoming dominated by other forms following disturbance. A review primary and grey literature indicates that corallimorpharia, soft corals, sponges sea urchins enter an alternative state as a result shift. Shifts triggered pulse disturbances cause large-scale mortality, may stable positive feedback mechanisms. However, they differ from archetypical coral–macroalgae shift, depending factors driving shift; whereas coral–urchin seem driven loss top-down control through overfishing, corallimorpharian, sponge dominance more bottom-up dynamics. Understanding differences similarities mechanisms maintain this variety will aid management aimed at preventing reversing reefs. KEY WORDS: Phase · Coral Corallimorpharia Soft Sponge Urchin barren Full text pdf format PreviousNextCite article as: Norström AV, Nyström M, Lokrantz J, Folke C shifts. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 376:295-306. Export citation Tweet linkedIn Cited Published Vol. 376. Online publication date: February 11, 2009 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; 1616-1599 Copyright © Inter-Research.

Язык: Английский

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Coral reef management and conservation in light of rapidly evolving ecological paradigms

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2008, Номер 23(10), С. 555 - 563

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2008

Язык: Английский

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Nutrient enrichment can increase the severity of coral diseases

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2003, Номер 6(12), С. 1056 - 1061

Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2003

Abstract The prevalence and severity of marine diseases have increased over the last 20 years, significantly impacting a variety foundation keystone species. One explanation is that changes in environment caused by human activities impaired host resistance and/or pathogen virulence. Here, we report evidence from field experiments nutrient enrichment can increase two important Caribbean coral epizootics: aspergillosis common gorgonian sea fan Gorgonia ventalina yellow band disease reef‐building corals Montastraea annularis M. franksii . Experimentally increasing concentrations 2–5× nearly doubled tissue loss disease. In separate experiment, measures severity. Our results may help explain conspicuous patchiness severity, besides suggesting minimizing pollution could be an management tool for controlling epizootics.

Язык: Английский

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Harmful algal blooms: causes, impacts and detection

Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2003, Номер 30(7), С. 383 - 406

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2003

Blooms of autotrophic algae and some heterotrophic protists are increasingly frequent in coastal waters around the world collectively grouped as harmful algal blooms (HABs). these organisms attributed to two primary factors: natural processes such circulation, upwelling relaxation, river flow; and, anthropogenic loadings leading eutrophication. Unfortunately, latter is commonly assumed be cause all blooms, which not case many instances. Moreover, although it generally acknowledged that occurrences phenomena increasing throughout world's oceans, reasons for this apparent increase remain debated include only eutrophication but increased observation efforts zones world. There a rapidly advancing monitoring effort resulting from perception impacts HABs, manifested expanding routine programs, rapid development deployment new detection methods individual species, toxins, toxicities, expansion modeling activities towards observational forecasts bloom landfall eventually prediction. Together, will provide resource managers with tools needed develop effective strategies management mitigation HABs their frequently devastating on environment.

Язык: Английский

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Nutrient enrichment can increase the susceptibility of reef corals to bleaching

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 3(2), С. 160 - 164

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2012

Язык: Английский

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Assessing evidence of phase shifts from coral to macroalgal dominance on coral reefs

Ecology, Год журнала: 2009, Номер 90(6), С. 1478 - 1484

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2009

Many marine scientists have concluded that coral reefs are moving toward or locked into a seaweed‐dominated state. However, because there been no regional‐ global‐scale analyses of such reef “phase shifts,” the magnitude this phenomenon was unknown. We analyzed 3581 quantitative surveys 1851 performed between 1996 and 2006 to determine frequency, geographical extent, degree macroalgal dominance phase shifts around world. Our results indicate replacement corals by macroalgae as dominant benthic functional group is less common geographically extensive than assumed. Although we found evidence moderate local increases in cover, particularly Caribbean, only 4% were dominated (i.e., >50% cover). Across Indo‐Pacific, where regional averages cover 9–12%, 1% surveyed reefs. Between 2006, shift severity decreased did not change Florida Keys increased slightly on Great Barrier Reef due loss. Coral ecosystems appear be more resistant blooms assumed, which has important implications for management.

Язык: Английский

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Impacts of nutrient enrichment on coral reefs: new perspectives and implications for coastal management and reef survival

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 7, С. 82 - 93

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2014

Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment is often associated with coral reef decline. Consequently, there a large consent that increased influxes in waters have negative longterm consequences for corals. However, the mechanisms by which dissolved inorganic nutrients can disturb corals and their symbiotic algae are subject to controversial debate. Herein, we discuss recent studies demonstrate how affects heat light stress tolerance of bleaching susceptibility. We integrate direct indirect effects on model explains why healthy reefs exist over rather broad range natural environments at lower end concentration scale anthropogenic finely balanced processes via multiple pathways. conceptualise suffer from secondary due alteration environment phytoplankton loads. In this context, suggest represents likely vector translate effects, induced instance coastal run-off, into considerable distance site primary enrichment. The presented synthesis literature suggests eutrophication beyond certain thresholds physiological performance individual ecosystem functioning. Hence, immediate implementation knowledge-based management strategies crucial survival.

Язык: Английский

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