Astrocyte regulation of behavioral outputs: the versatile roles of calcium

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Behavior arises from coordinated brain-wide neural and glial networks, enabling organisms to perceive, interpret, respond stimuli. Astrocytes play an important role in shaping behavioral output, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. intrinsic extrinsic cues with calcium (Ca 2+ ) fluctuations, which highly heterogeneous across spatio-temporal scales, contexts, brain regions. This heterogeneity allows astrocytes exert dynamic regulatory effects on neuronal function but has made it challenging understand precise pathways linking astrocytic Ca specific outcomes, functional relevance of these signals remains unclear. Here, we review recent literature uncovering roles for signaling a wide array behaviors, including cognitive, homeostatic, affective focusing its physiological roles, potential pathological implications. We specifically highlight how different types linked distinct outcomes discuss limitations unanswered questions that remain be addressed.

Язык: Английский

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Rhythms Under Tension: Circadian Clocks in an Unsynced Society

Biomedical Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100873 - 100873

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Unravelling the link between circadian clock genes and brain tumors: From pathological disruptions to potential therapeutic interventions

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Май 27, 2025

The circadian clock is present in nearly all tissues (including glial cells), which play crucial roles brain functions and development. Circadian genes (CCGs) are responsible for regulating numerous cancer-associated biological mechanisms, including the regulation of cell cycle genes, apoptosis, proliferation. A range studies have already confirmed potential link between tumors CCGs, Bmal1, Clock, Period 1, 2, 3, Cry1, Cry2, retinoid-related orphan receptor-α (ROR-α). Growing evidence regarding gliomas glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) indicates significance modulation CCG cancer biology. Various revealed how tumor cells can disrupt CCGs to safeguard their survival. It has also recently been demonstrated case (especially GBM) that should be targeted development novel therapies or ameliorate current treatments impair abolish growth. Multiple pharmacological modulators reported as effective tumors, such temozolomide, inhibitors casein kinase 1 curcumin, norepinephrine, melatonin, REV-ERB agonists, agonists retinoic acid-related receptor, cryptochrome protein stabilizers, 1A-116. In this review, an overview genetics clock, pathological disruptions discussed. addition, interventions modulate reviewed.

Язык: Английский

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Chrononutrition: Potential, Challenges, and Application in Managing Obesity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(11), С. 5116 - 5116

Опубликована: Май 26, 2025

The circadian clock orchestrates nearly every aspect of physiology, aligning metabolic processes with environmental cues, such as light and food intake. While the central pacemaker in suprachiasmatic nucleus synchronizes peripheral clocks across key tissue, feeding behavior emerges dominant cue for alignment. This interaction reveals a crucial link between biology metabolism. Disruption these processes, whether from shift work, irregular eating patterns or lifestyle misalignment, has been strongly associated disorders, including obesity, insulin resistance cardiometabolic diseases. Within field chrononutrition, strategies, time-restricted (TRF), have gained attention their potential to restore alignment improve health. However, translational gaps persist, most mechanistic insights are derived nocturnal murine models, limiting applicability diurnal human physiology. Moreover, studies confounded by interindividual variability chronotype, behavioral patterns, dietary compliance. review explores molecular underpinnings zeitgeber signals critically assesses barriers implementing chrononutrition species. By integrating both preclinical clinical research, we aim refine circadian-based interventions disease prevention personalized nutrition.

Язык: Английский

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Peripheral clocks and systemic zeitgeber interactions: from molecular mechanisms to circadian precision medicine

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Май 29, 2025

Circadian rhythms orchestrate nearly every aspect of human physiology through a hierarchical network clocks. While the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) serves as central pacemaker, peripheral clocks within brain, heart, liver, gut, pancreas, adipose tissue, adrenal glands, lungs, and skeletal muscle independently regulate organ-specific functions. These autonomous oscillators, governed by transcriptional–translational feedback loops core clock genes, align with environmental physiological zeitgebers such light, feeding, temperature, hormones. Disruption this temporal organization—through shift work, genetic alterations, or lifestyle factors—drives systemic misalignment, contributing to metabolic disease, cardiovascular dysfunction, neurodegeneration, cancer, immune imbalance. This review explores molecular mechanisms roles across organ systems, emphasizing their interplay SCN . We also highlight emerging chronotherapeutic strategies that exploit circadian biology optimize treatment outcomes. Understanding inter-organ communication is key unlocking personalized interventions restoring rhythmicity for health.

Язык: Английский

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