Exploring the Genetic Orchestra of Cancer: The Interplay Between Oncogenes and Tumor-Suppressor Genes DOI Open Access

S. P. Singh,

Rakesh Bhaskar, Shampa Ghosh

и другие.

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(7), С. 1082 - 1082

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

Cancer is complex because of the critical imbalance in genetic regulation as characterized by both overexpression oncogenes (OGs), mainly through mutations, amplifications, and translocations, inactivation tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs), which entail preservation genomic integrity inducing apoptosis to counter malignant growth. Reviewing intricate molecular interplay between OGs TSGs draws attention their cell cycle, apoptosis, cancer metabolism regulation. In present review, we discuss seminal discoveries, such Knudson's two-hit hypothesis, framed field's understanding genetics, leading next breakthroughs with next-generation sequencing epigenetic profiling, revealing novel insights into OG TSG dysregulation opportunities for targeted therapy. The key pathways, MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, are presented context tumor progression. Importantly, further highlighted advances therapeutic strategies, including inhibitors KRAS MYC restoration function, despite mechanisms resistance heterogeneity pose daunting challenges. A high-level interactions OG-TSGs forms basis effective, personalized treatment-something strive better clinical outcomes. This synthesis should integrate foundational biology translation and, this case, contribute ongoing effort against cancer.

Язык: Английский

Exploring the Genetic Orchestra of Cancer: The Interplay Between Oncogenes and Tumor-Suppressor Genes DOI Open Access

S. P. Singh,

Rakesh Bhaskar, Shampa Ghosh

и другие.

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(7), С. 1082 - 1082

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

Cancer is complex because of the critical imbalance in genetic regulation as characterized by both overexpression oncogenes (OGs), mainly through mutations, amplifications, and translocations, inactivation tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs), which entail preservation genomic integrity inducing apoptosis to counter malignant growth. Reviewing intricate molecular interplay between OGs TSGs draws attention their cell cycle, apoptosis, cancer metabolism regulation. In present review, we discuss seminal discoveries, such Knudson's two-hit hypothesis, framed field's understanding genetics, leading next breakthroughs with next-generation sequencing epigenetic profiling, revealing novel insights into OG TSG dysregulation opportunities for targeted therapy. The key pathways, MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, are presented context tumor progression. Importantly, further highlighted advances therapeutic strategies, including inhibitors KRAS MYC restoration function, despite mechanisms resistance heterogeneity pose daunting challenges. A high-level interactions OG-TSGs forms basis effective, personalized treatment-something strive better clinical outcomes. This synthesis should integrate foundational biology translation and, this case, contribute ongoing effort against cancer.

Язык: Английский

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