Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health

Healthcare, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(13), С. 1946 - 1946

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2023

Antibiotics are among the most important discoveries of 20th century, having saved millions lives from infectious diseases. Microbes have developed acquired antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to many drugs due high selection pressure increasing use and misuse antibiotics over years. The transmission acquisition AMR occur primarily via a human–human interface both within outside healthcare facilities. A huge number interdependent factors related agriculture govern development through various drug-resistance mechanisms. emergence spread unrestricted antimicrobials in livestock feed has been major contributing factor. prevalence antimicrobial-resistant bacteria attained an incongruous level worldwide threatens global public health as silent pandemic, necessitating urgent intervention. Therapeutic options infections caused by limited, resulting significant morbidity mortality with financial impact. paucity discovery supply new novel treat life-threatening resistant pathogens stands sharp contrast demand. Immediate interventions contain include surveillance monitoring, minimizing over-the-counter food animals, access quality affordable medicines, vaccines diagnostics, enforcement legislation. An orchestrated collaborative action between multiple national international organizations is required urgently, otherwise, postantibiotic era can be more real possibility than apocalyptic fantasy for 21st century. This narrative review highlights on this basis, mechanisms microbial resistance, key strategies combat resistance.

Язык: Английский

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Origin of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance, and Their Impacts on Drug Development: A Narrative Review

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(11), С. 1615 - 1615

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2023

Antibiotics have revolutionized medicine, saving countless lives since their discovery in the early 20th century. However, origin of antibiotics is now overshadowed by alarming rise antibiotic resistance. This global crisis stems from relentless adaptability microorganisms, driven misuse and overuse antibiotics. article explores subsequent emergence It delves into mechanisms employed bacteria to develop resistance, highlighting dire consequences drug including compromised patient care, increased mortality rates, escalating healthcare costs. The elucidates latest strategies against drug-resistant encompassing innovative approaches such as phage therapy, CRISPR-Cas9 technology, exploration natural compounds. Moreover, it examines profound impact resistance on development, rendering pursuit new economically challenging. limitations challenges developing novel are discussed, along with hurdles regulatory process that hinder progress this critical field. Proposals for modifying facilitate development presented. withdrawal major pharmaceutical firms research examined, potential re-engage interest. also outlines initiatives overcome economic incentivize emphasizing international collaborations partnerships. Finally, sheds light government-led a specific focus Middle East. discusses proactive measures taken governments region, Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates, combat threat. In face multifaceted approach imperative. provides valuable insights complex landscape challenges, collaborative efforts required ensure future where remain effective tools safeguarding public health.

Язык: Английский

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Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health

Опубликована: Май 9, 2023

Antibiotics are the most magnificent discovery of 20th century that have saved millions lives from infectious diseases. Microbes developed acquired antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to many drugs due high selection pressure increasing use and misuse antibiotics over years. The transmission acquisition AMR occur primarily via human–human interface both within outside healthcare facilities. A huge number interdependent factors related agriculture govern development through various drug mechanisms. emergence spread unrestricted antimicrobials in livestock feed has been a major contributing factor. prevalence bacteria attained its incongruous level worldwide threatening global public health as silent pandemic, necessitating urgent intervention. Therapeutic options bacterial infections limited resulting significant morbidity mortality with financial impact. paucity supply new novel treat life-threatening stands sharp contrast demand. Immediate interventions contain include surveillance monitoring, minimizing counter food animals, access quality affordable medicines, vaccines diagnostics, enforcement legislation. An orchestral collaborative action between multiple national international organizations required urgently, otherwise, post-antibiotic era can be real possibility than an apocalyptic fantasy for 21st century. This narrative review highlights on basis, mechanisms microbial key strategies combat resistance.

Язык: Английский

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Correlation between Antimicrobial Activity Values and Total Phenolic Content/Antioxidant Activity in Rubus idaeus L.

Plants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(4), С. 504 - 504

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2024

Plant by-products, which are discarded into the environment, rich in valuable compounds. The aim of this research was to determine antibacterial activity Rubus idaeus L. morphological parts and its correlation with total phenolic content antioxidant activity. authors also aimed evaluate plant’s potential as added-value products. New aspects were revealed for further use making novel natural study’s results indicated that raspberry leaves, inflorescences, fruits could effectively combat three Gram-positive bacteria. According findings, among various plant parts, root seed extracts had lowest Data moderate, weak, or very weak between antimicrobial parameters. These findings underscore viability substituting synthetic antimicrobials alternatives. present study is significant preparing products antibacterials by appropriate optimized processing using all show promising prospects future purposeful utilisation nature-based Raspberry can find applications emerging fields generate economic environmental value.

Язык: Английский

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Enhanced antibacterial activity of a novel silver-based metal organic framework towards multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia

Nanoscale Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(15), С. 3801 - 3808

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The growth and spread of multidrug-resistant bacterial species, such as

Язык: Английский

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Unveiling the potential of spirulina algal extract as promising antibacterial and antibiofilm agent against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: in vitro and in vivo study

Microbial Cell Factories, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2025

Abstract Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a severe risk to global public health, necessitating the immediate development of novel therapeutic strategies. The current study aimed investigate effectiveness green algae Arthrospira maxima (commercially known as Spirulina ) both in vitro and vivo against carbapenem-resistant K. . In this study, thirty isolates were collected, identified, then screened for their susceptibility several antibiotics carbapenemase production genes using PCR. Both bla KPC OXA-48 most predominant detected tested isolates. phytochemical profiling A. algal extract was conducted LC–MS/MS positive mode technique. minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranged from 500 1000 µg/mL. also resulted decreasing membrane integrity distortion bacterial cells revealed by scanning electron microscope. bioactive compounds that responsible antibacterial action fatty acids, including PUFAs, polysaccharides, glycosides, peptides, flavonoids, phycocyanin, minerals, essential amino vitamins. Moreover, an antibiofilm activity crystal violet assay qRT-PCR. A murine pneumonia model employed assessment extract. showed promising which comparable colistin (standard drug). This manifested improving pulmonary architecture, inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrosis after staining with hematoxylin eosin Masson’s trichrome stain. Using immunohistochemical investigations, percentage immunoreactive significantly decreased monoclonal antibodies tumor necrosis factor-alpha interleukin six. So, may be considered new candidate medications. Graphical

Язык: Английский

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Green Biofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles of Potential Synergistic Activity with Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents against Some Nosocomial Pathogens

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(4), С. 945 - 945

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2023

Nosocomial bacterial and fungal infections are one of the main causes high morbidity mortality worldwide, owing to prevalence multidrug-resistant microbial strains. Hence, study aims synthesize, characterize, investigate antifungal antibacterial activity silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabricated using Camellia sinensis leaves against nosocomial pathogens. The biogenic AgNPs revealed a small particle diameter 35.761 ± 3.18 nm based on transmission electron microscope (TEM) graphs negative surface charge -14.1 mV, revealing repulsive forces between nanoparticles, which in turn indicated their colloidal stability. disk diffusion assay confirmed that Escherichia coli was most susceptible strain (200 g/disk), while lowest sensitive found be Acinetobacter baumannii with relative inhibition zones 36.14 0.67 21.04 0.19 mm, respectively. On other hand, µg/disk) exposed efficacy Candida albicans zone 18.16 0.14 mm diameter. synergistic both tigecycline clotrimazole A. C. albicans, In conclusion, demonstrated distinct physicochemical properties potential bioactivity tigecycline, linezolid, gram-negative, gram-positive, strains, This is paving way for development effective antimicrobial combinations management pathogens intensive care units (ICUs) health settings.

Язык: Английский

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Potential of Selected African Medicinal Plants as Alternative Therapeutics against Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(10), С. 2605 - 2605

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2023

Antimicrobial resistance is considered a "One-Health" problem, impacting humans, animals, and the environment. The problem of rapid development spread bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics rising global health threat affecting both rich poor nations. Low- middle-income countries are at highest risk, in part due lack innovative research on surveillance discovery novel therapeutic options. Fast effective drug crucial towards combatting antimicrobial reducing burden infectious diseases. African medicinal plants have been used for millennia folk medicine cure many diseases ailments. Over 10% Southern vegetation applied traditional medicine, with over 15 species being partially or fully commercialized. These include genera

Язык: Английский

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Nanotechnology in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Infections

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(2), С. 121 - 121

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

The development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), along with the relative reduction in production new antimicrobials, significantly limits therapeutic options infectious diseases. Thus, novel treatments, especially current era, where AMR is increasing, are urgently needed. There several ongoing studies on non-classical therapies for diseases, such as bacteriophages, peptides, and nanotechnology, among others. Nanomaterials involve materials nanoscale that could be used diagnosis, treatment, prevention This review provides an overview applications nanotechnology diagnosis treatment diseases from a clinician’s perspective, focus pathogens AMR. Applications nanomaterials by taking advantage their electrochemical, optic, magnetic, fluorescent properties, described. Moreover, potential metallic or organic nanoparticles (NPs) infections also addressed. Finally, use NPs safe efficient vaccines reviewed. Further needed to prove safety efficacy would facilitate approval regulatory authorities clinical use.

Язык: Английский

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Antibiotics: From Mechanism of Action to Resistance and Beyond

Indian Journal of Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 64(3), С. 821 - 845

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

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