Why Do We Need Alternative Methods for Fungal Disease Management in Plants?

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(22), С. 3822 - 3822

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2023

Fungal pathogens pose a major threat to food production worldwide. Traditionally, chemical fungicides have been the primary means of controlling these pathogens, but many recently come under increased scrutiny due their negative effects on health humans, animals, and environment. Furthermore, use can result in development resistance populations phytopathogenic fungi. Therefore, new environmentally friendly alternatives that provide adequate levels disease control are needed replace fungicides—if not completely, then at least partially. A number conventional developed, including plant defence elicitors (PDEs); biological agents (fungi, bacteria, mycoviruses), either alone or as consortia; biochemical fungicides; natural products; RNA interference (RNAi) methods; breeding. This article reviews alternative methods available manage fungal discusses strengths weaknesses, identifies potential areas for future research.

Язык: Английский

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“Ectomosphere”: Insects and Microorganism Interactions

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. 440 - 440

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2023

This study focuses on interacting with insects and their ectosymbiont (

Язык: Английский

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Use of Aureobasidium in a sustainable economy

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 108(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024

Abstract Aureobasidium is omnipresent and can be isolated from air, water bodies, soil, wood, other plant materials, as well inorganic materials such rocks marble. A total of 32 species this fungal genus have been identified at the level DNA, which pullulans best known. interest for a sustainable economy because it used to produce wide variety compounds, including enzymes, polysaccharides, biosurfactants. Moreover, promote growth protect wood crops. To end, cells adhere or plants by producing extracellular thereby forming biofilm. This biofilm provides alternative petrol-based coatings toxic chemicals. fact that biofilms potential self-repair make them engineered living material avant la lettre. Key points • produces products industry stimulate crops Biofinish A. function

Язык: Английский

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The hidden world within plants: metatranscriptomics unveils the complexity of wood microbiomes

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 73(8), С. 2682 - 2697

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2022

The importance of plants as complex entities influenced by genomes the associated microorganisms is now seen a new source variability for more sustainable agriculture, also in light ongoing climate change. For this reason, we investigated through metatranscriptomics whether taxa profile and behaviour microbial communities with wood 20-year-old grapevine are health status host. We report first time metatranscriptome from tissue real environment, highlighting that approach able to define community better than referenced transcriptomic approaches. In parallel, use total RNA enabled identification bacterial healthy samples that, once isolated original tissue, displayed potential biocontrol activities against wood-degrading fungal taxon. Furthermore, revealed an unprecedented high number viral (~120 species among 180 identified) single limited environment impact on whole holobiont. Taken together, our results suggest multitrophic interaction which plays crucial role raising ecological questions exploitation microbial-assisted agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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Biological Control of Aspergillus flavus by the Yeast Aureobasidium pullulans In Vitro and on Tomato Fruit

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2), С. 236 - 236

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2023

Aspergillus flavus is an important pathogenic fungus affecting many crops and one of the main sources their aflatoxin contamination. The primary method limiting this pathogen using chemical fungicides, but researchers focus on searching for other effective agents its control due to disadvantages limitations these agrochemicals. results obtained in present study indicate high potential two yeast strains, Aureobasidium pullulans PP4 A. ZD1, biological flavus. Under vitro conditions, mycelial growth was reduced by 53.61% 63.05%, spore germination inhibited 68.97% 79.66% ZD1 respectively. Both strains produced lytic enzymes chitinase β-1,3-glucanase after 5 days cultivation with cell wall preparations (CWP) medium as a carbon source. In addition, tested yeasts showed ability grow over wide range temperatures (4–30 °C), pH (4–11), salinity (0–12%) tolerance fungicides at concentrations corresponding field conditions. isolates were highly tolerant cupric oxychloride, showing biomass gains 85.84% (ZD1) 87.25% (PP4). Biomass presence azoxystrobin 78.71% 82.65% (PP4), while difenoconazole, it 70.09% 75.25% also antagonistic effects against directly tomato fruit. acted effectively reducing lesion diameter from 29.13 mm (control) 8.04 (PP4) 8.83 (ZD1).

Язык: Английский

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Aureobasidium spp.: Diversity, Versatility, and Agricultural Utility

Horticulturae, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1), С. 59 - 59

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2023

The black yeast-like fungi Aureobasidium spp. are ubiquitous microorganisms found in a wide variety of extreme and benign environments as saprophytes, endophytes, pathogens. Since this diverse genus includes species with potential uses agriculture the food industry, it is important that we explore their evolution spread context climate change. known to be capable producing plethora various metabolites, many which find applications field control plant present review aims explain how these can provide ecological safe strategies might adopted agricultural production systems processing. versatility lie perfectly within Sustainable Development Goals Agenda 2021–2030 by opening new horizons respectful environment human health.

Язык: Английский

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Identification of grape berry indigenous epiphytic yeasts with <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> antagonistic activity towards pathogenic fungi

OENO One, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(1), С. 253 - 264

Опубликована: Март 6, 2023

During their lifespan, grapes are exposed to conditions that can endanger plant health, including fluctuating climate and infection by pests insects. In particular, attacks filamentous fungi represent huge annual losses for grape farmers. Present concerns about rising antimicrobial resistance, fungicide prohibitions shifting consumer tastes driving the search less harmful ways of preventing damage grapevine pathogenic fungi. this study, antagonist activity yeasts isolated from berry surface microbiota was assessed in vitro vivo assays on an assortment fungal pathogens, Botrytis cinerea Aspergillus niger. The results show W. anomalus, A. pullulans, C. intermedia, R. glutinis, Z. meyerae H. takashimae were able inhibit 75 100 % mycelia growth sporulation vitro. Strains M. pulcherrima S. bacillaris also showed 50 efficacy reducing mould growth. strains further incised leaves 2-month-old grapevines ability reduce disease incidence pulcherrima, intermedia glutinis significantly reduced symptoms leaves, indicating potential as effective biocontrol vineyard.

Язык: Английский

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Co-culture fermentation on the production of bacterial cellulose nanocomposite produced by Komagataeibacter hansenii

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 2, С. 100028 - 100028

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2020

Bacterial cellulose (BC1) is a biomaterial produced by various strains of microorganisms. BC has improved strength and unique structural properties as compared to plant cellulose, thus many usages in the food pharmaceutical industries. In our previous study, novel co-culture agitated fermentation Komagataeibacter hansenii, producer, with Aureobasidium pullulans, producer pullulan polysaccharide, had been demonstrated where exhibited mechanical properties. Therefore, this study undertaken analyze production under different medium composition using response surface methodology (RSM) shake-flasks benchtop bioreactors. A verified local high point provided 22.4% higher 4.5- 6- folds elastic moduli bioreactors baseline media. Overall, revealed potential co-culturing method enhance while maintaining desired larger scale

Язык: Английский

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Aspects of the biocontrol activity of Aureobasidium spp. strain against Penicillium expansum of apple

Annals of Applied Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 184(3), С. 307 - 313

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024

Abstract Penicillium expansum is a fungal pathogen of pome fruit, causing the economically important disease apple blue mould. The fungus also due to its ability produce mycotoxin patulin. A strain Aureobasidium spp. (UC14) was assessed for controlling P. and patulin production in series vitro antibiosis experiments. Volatile non‐volatile metabolites reduced growth on average by 50%. To assess UC14 efficacy apples vivo, different concentrations cellular suspension were assayed. concentration 1 × 10 8 cells/mL most effective, completely suppressing fruits mould symptoms. antagonism further demonstrated very low amount DNA treated detected qPCR. During cold storage, persisted severity 82.5% 89.8%, ‘ Golden delicious ’ Fuji apples, respectively. 98.1% 96.2% with respect control, demonstrating good as potential biological control agent (BCA), so becoming an interesting candidate use BCA postharvest phase.

Язык: Английский

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Oxygen-dependent biofilm dynamics in leaf decay: an in vitro analysis

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Март 20, 2024

Abstract Biofilms are important in the natural process of plant tissue degradation. However, fundamental knowledge biofilm community structure and succession on decaying leaves under different oxygen conditions is limited. Here, we used 16S rRNA ITS gene amplicon sequencing to investigate composition, temporal dynamics, assembly processes bacterial fungal biofilms vitro. Leaves harvested from three species were immersed lake water aerobic anaerobic vitro for weeks. Biofilm-covered leaf samples collected weekly investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that composition differed significantly between conditions, though not among species. Over weeks, a clear compositional shift communities was observed. alpha diversity prokaryotes increased over time assays decreased conditions. Oxygen availability incubation found be primary factors influencing microbial Null models suggest stochastic governed early stages formation further shaped niche-associated factors.

Язык: Английский

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