The Product Science of Electrically Heated Tobacco Products: An Updated Narrative Review of the Scientific Literature

Cureus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 28, 2024

Heated tobacco products represent a novel category of in which consumable is heated to temperature that releases nicotine from the leaf but not sufficient cause combustion. may therefore have potential be less harmful alternative for adult smokers who would otherwise continue smoke cigarettes, as their use should result exposure substantially fewer and lower levels toxicants. This update represents two-year extension our previous narrative review, covered peer-reviewed journal articles published up August 31, 2021. The scientific evidence between 2021 2023 continues indicate aerosols produced contain potentially constituents these observed reductions consistently translate reduced biological effects both vitro vivo toxicological studies. Biomarker clinical data studies product controlled within setting suggest changes biomarkers exposure, harm, endpoints indicating harm with switching exclusive smokers. Overall, available offer promise such, conclusions original review remain valid.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring Endothelial Cell Dysfunction’s Impact on the Brain-Retina Microenvironment Connection: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Insights into therapeutic approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases targeting metabolic syndrome

Molecular Biology Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 52(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

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What Increases Smokers’ Stress? Degree of Nicotine Dependence and Motivation to Quit Smoking in People After Myocardial Infarction

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 1545 - 1545

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) represents one of the major causes hospitalization in cardiology departments, while tobacco smoking remains a significant public health challenge Europe. Therefore, there is pressing need to study this phenomenon order undertake preventive actions and thereby reduce number people and, consequently reducing rate morbidity disease. This aims assess factors that increase stress examine strategies for coping with stress, nicotine addiction, motivation quit among patients after myocardial infarction. Methods: We analyzed 100 post-MI using sociodemographic questionnaire, Schneider Smoking Cessation Motivation Test, Fagerstrom Test Nicotine Dependence, Mini-COPE questionnaire. Results: A sense helplessness emerged as primary trigger (p = 0.012), job loss, workplace issues, illness, family death, relationship problems < 0.001) key stressors. Post-MI showed high degree cessation motivation, was enhanced by limited cigarette access social support. Patients primarily used self-distraction behavioral disengagement mechanisms. higher tolerance (rho −0.355; p 0.00) increased frequency −0.169; 0.093) correlated negatively motivation. Conclusions: demonstrate stress-related helplessness, particularly within professional, family, domains. The prevalence mechanisms centred around avoidance suggests targeted psychological interventions population.

Язык: Английский

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New Nicotine Delivery Devices and Their Role in Smoking Cessation and Tobacco Harm Reduction Strategies

IntechOpen eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

Tobacco use is the leading risk factor for diseases with highest incidence and mortality rates. control policies addressing main determinants of tobacco consumption, alongside traditional smoking cessation methods, have generally shown poor results, relatively low rates worldwide. For these reasons, it crucial to adopt innovative strategies while implementing changes in reduce prevalence. The emergence new nicotine delivery devices, which are less harmful than conventional tobacco, could potentially improve population-level impact use. New such as electronic cigarettes, heated products, pouches, offer alternatives. A common feature among devices that none produce toxic components amounts comparable those found combustible smoke. Although regulatory safety aspects still under debate by authorities worldwide, they demonstrated effectiveness cessation. Their role reducing harms increasingly recognized policies. Integrating into existing programs using standardized interventions may help address some challenges explore combinations prove more effective current treatments.

Язык: Английский

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The prognostic significance of stress hyperglycemia ratio in evaluating all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk among individuals across stages 0–3 of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndrome: evidence from two cohort studies

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

The American Heart Association (AHA) proposed the concept of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome, underscoring interconnectedness cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic diseases. stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) represents an innovative indicator that quantifies blood glucose fluctuations in patients experiencing acute or subacute stress, correlating with detrimental clinical effects. Nevertheless, prognostic significance SHR within individuals diagnosed CKM syndrome stages 0 to 3, particularly respect all-cause cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risks, has not been fully understood yet. current study analyzed data from 9647 participants covering based on NHANES (National Health Nutrition Examination Survey) collected 2007 2018. In this study, primary exposure variable was SHR, computed as fasting plasma divided by (1.59 * HbA1c − 2.59). main endpoints were well CVD mortality, death registration sourced through December 31, 2019. CHARLS database (China Retirement Longitudinal Study) utilized validation enhance reliability findings. This included participants, who followed for a median duration 6.80 years. During period, 630 cases 135 CVD-related deaths total recorded. After full adjustment covariates, our results displayed robust positive association (Hazard [HR] = 1.09, 95% Confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.13). However, exhibited no significant relationship (HR 1.00, CI 0.91–1.11). mediation analysis suggested between risk is partially mediated RDW, albumin, RAR. Specifically, mediating effects 17.0% (95% 46.7%, 8.7%), 10.1% 23.9%, 4.7%), 23.3% 49.0%, 13.0%), respectively. Additionally, analyses indicated correlation among across 0–3 during follow-up period 2011 2020. An increased value positively associated elevated likelihood 0–3, yet it shows mortality. important tool predicting long-term adverse outcomes population. Cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic emphasizes kidney, novel marker reflecting stress-induced fluctuations, but its (stages 0–3) remains uncertain. explores Our findings indicate significantly 1.04–1.13), CI: Mediation Validation using supports these These suggest could serve biomarker patients, offering potential utility stratification management.

Язык: Английский

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Environmental factors and rheumatic diseases

Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 102053 - 102053

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence and Predictors of Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Diabetic Patients

Cureus, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Infarction in bilateral corona radiata presented as unilateral peripheral facial paralysis: a case report

BMC Neurology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2025

A 56-year-old man presented with right-sided drooping of the mouth corner and eyelid, along weakness in left lower limb. His MRI revealed a corona radiata lacunar infarction on an acute right. However, needle electromyography (EMG) results were unremarkable. It was determined that his unilateral peripheral facial paralysis (PFP)-like symptoms secondary to bilateral infarctions. This case highlights some patients cerebral strokes may present PFP-like symptoms. To minimize misdiagnosis, clinicians should consider possibility central lesions manifesting as PFP.

Язык: Английский

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Association of conventional cigarette smoking, heated tobacco product use and dual use with hypertension

International Journal of Epidemiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 53(5)

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2024

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) have emerged as alternatives to conventional cigarettes. However, their health effects remain largely unknown. This study aimed prospectively explore the association between use of cigarettes and HTPs risk hypertension.

Язык: Английский

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