Action Understanding

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2024

The human ability to effortlessly understand the actions of other people has been focus research in cognitive neuroscience for decades. What have we learned about this ability, and what open questions remain? In Element authors address these by considering kinds information an observer may gain when viewing action. A 'what, how, why' framing organises evidence theories representations that support classifying action; how way action is performed supports observational learning inferences people; actor's intentions are inferred from her actions. Further shows brain systems understanding, inspired 'mirror neurons' related concepts. Understanding vision a multi-faceted process serves many behavioural goals, served diverse mechanisms systems.

Язык: Английский

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(Re)categorizing lexical encapsulation: An experimental approach

Journal of Pragmatics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 239, С. 4 - 15

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2025

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Actions at a glance: The time course of action, object, and scene recognition in a free recall paradigm

Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Abstract Being able to quickly recognize other people’s actions lies at the heart of our ability efficiently interact with environment. Action recognition has been suggested rely on analysis and integration information from different perceptual subsystems, e.g., for processing objects scenes. However, stimulus presentation times that are required extract about actions, objects, scenes knowledge have not yet directly compared. To address this gap in literature, we compared thresholds First, 30 participants were presented grayscale images depicting variable (33–500 ms) provided written descriptions each image. Next, ten naïve raters evaluated these respect presence accuracy related scenes, sensory information. Comparing across times, found recognizing shorter (from 60 ms onwards) than (68 (84 ms). More specific approximately 100 ms. Moreover, modulated by action category, lowest locomotion highest food-related actions. Together, data suggest evidence is gathered parallel when same scene but accumulates faster reflect static body posture

Язык: Английский

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The Representation of Observed Actions at the Subordinate, Basic, and Superordinate Level

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(48), С. 8219 - 8230

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2023

Actions can be planned and recognized at different hierarchical levels, ranging from very specific (e.g., to swim backstroke) broad locomotion). Understanding the corresponding neural representation is an important prerequisite reveal how our brain flexibly assigns meaning world around us. To address this question, we conducted event-related fMRI study in male female human participants which examined distinct representations of observed actions subordinate, basic superordinate level. Using multiple regression representational similarity analysis (RSA) predefined regions interest, found that three taxonomic levels were best captured by patterns activations bilateral lateral occipitotemporal cortex (LOTC), showing highest with level model. A whole-brain RSA revealed information unique was activation dorsal ventral portions LOTC parietal regions. By contrast, for subordinate limited cortex, while no single cluster obtained The behaviorally established action space superior showed Together, results suggest shows a preference model, flexible access across SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT captures varying abstraction. It debated host some studies emphasizing premotor regions, other highlight role (LOTC). shed light on debate, here suggested Rosch et al. (1976). Our LOTC, hosts shared level, These new organization provide insights into basis underlying advantage.

Язык: Английский

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The cognitive structure underlying the organization of observed actions

Behavior Research Methods, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 55(4), С. 1890 - 1906

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2022

Abstract In daily life, we frequently encounter actions performed by other people. Here aimed to examine the key categories and features underlying organization of a wide range in three behavioral experiments ( N = 378 participants). Experiment 1, used multi-arrangement task 100 different actions. Inverse multidimensional scaling hierarchical clustering revealed 11 action categories, including Locomotion , Communication Aggressive . 2, feature-listing paradigm obtain that were subsequently reduced 59 rating study (Experiment 3). A direct comparison feature ratings obtained 3 between belonging identified 1 number appear be critical for distinction these e.g., Harm Noise category Targeting person Contact with others Interaction Finally, found part category-based is explained combination weighted features, whereas significant proportion variability remained unexplained, suggesting there are additional sources information contribute categorization observed The characterization their associated serves as an important extension previous studies examining cognitive structure Moreover, our results may serve basis future behavioral, neuroimaging computational modeling studies.

Язык: Английский

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Expectations of efficient actions bias social perception: a pre-registered online replication

Royal Society Open Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023

Humans take a teleological stance when observing others' actions, interpreting them as intentional and goal directed. In predictive processing accounts of social perception, this would be mediated by perceptual prediction an ideal energy-efficient reference trajectory with which rational actor achieve their goals within the current environmental constraints. Hudson colleagues (2018 Proc. R. Soc. B 285 , 20180638. ( doi:10.1098/rspb.2018.0638 )) tested hypothesis in series experiments participants reported perceived disappearance points hands reaching for objects. They found that these judgements were biased towards expected efficient trajectories. Observed straight reaches higher obstacle needed to overcome than if path was clear. By contrast, unnecessarily high over empty space perceptually flattened. Moreover, biases increased more constraints action trajectories explicitly processed. These findings provide important advance our understanding mechanisms underlying perception. The replication tests robustness whether they uphold online setting.

Язык: Английский

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Shared representations of human actions across vision and language

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2023

Abstract Humans can recognize and communicate about many actions performed by others. How are organized in the mind, is this organization shared across vision language? We collected similarity judgments of human depicted through naturalistic videos sentences, tested four models action categorization, defining at different levels abstraction ranging from specific (action verb) to broad target: whether an directed towards object, another person, or self). The reflected a representations determined mainly target actions, even after accounting for other semantic features. Language model embeddings predicted behavioral captured information alongside unique information. Together, our results show how concepts mind large language representations.

Язык: Английский

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Unveiling the neural dynamics of conscious perception in rapid object recognition

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 296, С. 120668 - 120668

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024

Our brain excels at recognizing objects, even when they flash by in a rapid sequence. However, the neural processes determining whether target image sequence can be recognized or not remains elusive. We used electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate temporal dynamics of that shape perceptual outcomes these challenging viewing conditions. Using naturalistic images and advanced multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) techniques, we probed governing conscious object recognition. results show although initially similar, for an cannot diverge around 180 ms post-appearance, coinciding with feedback processes. Decoding analyses indicate gist perception (partial perception) occur ∼120 through feedforward mechanisms. In contrast, identification (full image) is resolved ∼190 after onset, suggesting involvement recurrent processing. These findings underscore importance connections recognition awareness visual presentations.

Язык: Английский

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Shared representations of human actions across vision and language

Neuropsychologia, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 202, С. 108962 - 108962

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024

Humans can recognize and communicate about many actions performed by others. How are organized in the mind, is this organization shared across vision language? We collected similarity judgments of human depicted through naturalistic videos sentences, tested four models action categorization, defining at different levels abstraction ranging from specific (action verb) to broad target: whether an directed towards object, another person, or self). The reflected a representations determined mainly target actions, even after accounting for other semantic features. Furthermore, language model embeddings predicted behavioral captured information alongside unique information. Together, our results show that concepts similarly mind language, reflects socially relevant goals.

Язык: Английский

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(Re)Categorizing Lexical Encapsulation: An Experimental Approach

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

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