Neuropharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 260, С. 110101 - 110101
Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2024
Язык: Английский
Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Май 7, 2024
Abstract The Neuropsychology of Anxiety first appeared in 1982 as the volume Oxford Psychology Series, and it quickly established itself classic work on subject. It second edition (appearing 2000) have been cited at a steadily increasing rate passing 500/year 2017. field has continued to expand last quarter century necessitating this third edition. This completely updated revised (with many figures converted colour) retains original core concepts while expanding often simplifying details. includes new chapter prefrontal cortex, which integrates frontal hippocampal views anxiety an extensively modified personality providing basis for further developments Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. book is essential postgraduate students researchers experimental psychology neuroscience, well all clinical psychologists psychiatrists.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
74
Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(4), С. 914 - 928
Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
49
Brain, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 147(3), С. 794 - 815
Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2023
Abstract The prefrontal cortex is so important to human beings that, if deprived of it, our behaviour reduced action-reactions and automatisms, with no ability make deliberate decisions. Why does the hold such importance in humans? In answer, this review draws on proximity between humans other primates, which enables us, through comparative anatomical-functional analysis, understand cognitive functions we have common specify those that distinguish from their closest cousins. First, a focus lateral region illustrates existence continuum rhesus monkeys (the most studied primates neuroscience) for major brain plays central role. This involves presence elementary mental operations monkey (e.g. working memory or response inhibition) are constitutive ‘macro-functions’ as planning, problem-solving even language production. Second, has developed dramatically compared primates. increase seems concern anterior part frontopolar cortex). humans, development associated three interrelated changes: (i) greater capacity, allowing integration past experiences prospective futures; (ii) capacity link discontinuous distant data, whether temporal semantic; (iii) abstraction, classify knowledge different ways, engage analogical reasoning acquire abstract values give rise beliefs morals. Together, these new skills enable among things, develop highly sophisticated social interactions based language, enabling us conceive moral judgements conceptualize, create extend vision environment beyond what can physically grasp. Finally, model transition non-human concludes review.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
31
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 160, С. 105650 - 105650
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024
ROLLS, E. T. Two What, Where, Visual Cortical Streams in Humans. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV 2024. Recent cortical connectivity investigations lead to new concepts about 'What' and 'Where' visual streams humans, how they connect other systems. A ventrolateral stream leads the inferior temporal cortex for object face identity, provides information hippocampal episodic memory system, anterior lobe semantic orbitofrontal emotion system. superior sulcus (STS) utilising from parietal responds moving objects faces, expression, connects social behaviour. ventromedial builds feature combinations scenes, inputs via parahippocampal scene area system that are also useful landmark-based navigation. The dorsal pathway actions space, but coordinate transforms provide self-motion update of locations scenes dark or when view is obscured.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
18
Progress in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 238, С. 102636 - 102636
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2024
We develop further here the only quantitative theory of storage information in hippocampal episodic memory system and its recall back to neocortex. The is upgraded account for a revolution understanding spatial representations primate, including human, hippocampus, that go beyond place where individual located, location being viewed scene. This fundamental much primate navigation: functions supported humans by pathways build 'where' view feature combinations ventromedial visual cortical stream, separate from those 'what' object face inferior temporal cortex, reward orbitofrontal cortex. Key new computational developments include capacity CA3 attractor network storing whole charts space; how correlations inherent self-organizing continuous impact capacity; can combine discrete representations; roles rewards reach hippocampus later consolidation into long-term part via cholinergic cortex; ways analysing neocortical using Potts networks.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
15
The Journal of Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025
Abstract Cognitive and physical stress have significant effects on brain health, particularly through their influence the central executive network (CEN). The CEN, which includes regions such as dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex inferior parietal lobe, is to managing demands of cognitively challenging motor tasks. Acute can temporarily reduce connectivity within leading impaired cognitive function emotional states. However a rebound in these states often follows, driven by motivational signals mesocortical mesolimbic pathways, help sustain inhibitory control task execution. Chronic exposure challenges leads long‐term improvements CEN functionality. These changes are supported neurochemical, structural systemic adaptations, including mechanisms tissue crosstalk. Myokines, adipokines, anti‐inflammatory cytokines gut‐derived metabolites contribute biochemical environment that enhances neuroplasticity, reduces neuroinflammation supports neurotransmitters serotonin dopamine. processes strengthen connectivity, improve self‐regulation enable individuals adopt health‐optimizing behaviours. Long‐term activity not only but also risk age‐related decline neurodegenerative diseases. This review highlights role progressive exercise practical approach strengthening promoting offering strategy resilience well‐being across lifespan. image
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106013 - 106013
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Early-life adversity during pre- and early post-natal phases can impact brain development lead to maladaptive changes in executive behaviors. This increases the risk for a range of psychopathologies physical diseases. Importantly, exposure adversities these periods is also linked alterations orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) which key player functions. The OFC thus appears be central node this association between life stress disease risk. Gaining clear, detailed understanding stress, function, behaviors, as well underlying mechanisms mediating relevant inform potential therapeutic interventions. In paper, we begin by reviewing evidence linking 1) behaviors regulated 2) anatomy function. We then present insights into changes, stemming from models, highlight important future directions line research.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Cerebral Cortex, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 35(5)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
Abstract A key question is how new semantic representations are formed in the human brain and this may benefit from hippocampal episodic memory system. Here, we describe major effective connectivity between system anterior temporal lobe (ATL) humans. Then, present model a theory of be ATL using slow associative learning attractor networks that receive inputs The hypothesis if one category being processed for several seconds, then short-term trace biologically plausible rule will enable all components during time to associated together network. This benefits binding provided by modeled four-layer network view-invariant visual object recognition, followed layer utilizes form categories based on occur close time, or world.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Cerebral Cortex, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 33(10), С. 6207 - 6227
Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2022
Abstract To understand auditory cortical processing, the effective connectivity between 15 regions and 360 was measured in 171 Human Connectome Project participants, complemented with functional diffusion tractography. 1. A hierarchy of processing identified from Core (including A1) to Belt LBelt, MBelt, 52; then PBelt; HCP A4. 2. A4 has anterior temporal lobe TA2, A5, which connects dorsal-bank superior sulcus (STS) STGa, STSda, STSdp. These STS also receive visual inputs about moving faces objects, are combined information help implement multimodal object identification, such as who is speaking, what being said. Consistent this a “what” ventral stream, these have TPOJ1, STV, PSL, TGv, TGd, PGi, language-related semantic connecting Broca’s area, especially BA45. 3. A5 MT MST, connect parietal forming dorsal “where” stream involved actions space. Connections PBelt, A4, BA44 may form stream.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
36
Progress in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 220, С. 102385 - 102385
Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
29