What are olfaction and gustation, and do all animals have them?

Chemical Senses, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 49

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Different animals have distinctive anatomical and physiological properties to their chemical senses that enhance detection discrimination of relevant cues. Humans other vertebrates are recognized as having 2 main senses, olfaction gustation, distinguished from each by evolutionarily conserved neuroanatomical organization. This distinction between gustation in is not based on the medium which they live because most ancestral numerous vertebrates, fishes, an aquatic habitat thus both occur water can be high sensitivity. The terms also often been applied invertebrates, though homology. Consequently, any similarities invertebrates resulted convergent adaptations or shared constraints during evolution. untidiness assigning has led some recommend abandoning use these instead unifying them others into a single category—chemical sense. In our essay, we compare nature diverse animal types consider designation olfaction, oral extra-oral simply chemoreception. Properties found useful categorizing include peripheral sensory cells, organization neuropil processing centers, molecular receptor specificity, function.

Язык: Английский

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Sensory plasticity in a socially plastic bee

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 35(9), С. 1218 - 1228

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2022

Abstract The social Hymenoptera have contributed much to our understanding of the evolution sensory systems. Attention has focussed chiefly on how sociality and systems evolved together. In Hymenoptera, antennal sensilla are important for optimizing perception olfactory information. Social species denser than solitary species, which is thought enhance cohesion through nestmate recognition. current study, we test whether numbers vary between populations socially plastic sweat bee Halictus rubicundus from regions that in climate degree expressed. We found population differences both hygro/thermoreceptive numbers. also evidence density developmentally plastic: when transplanted bees Scotland south‐east England, their offspring (which developed south) had more hairs individuals themselves Scotland). displayed a mix (a queen plus workers) nesting, but neither individual nor nest phenotype was related density. suggest this general, rather caste‐specific plasticity provides flexible means optimize according most pressing demands environment. Sensory may support H. does not appear be causally it.

Язык: Английский

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Pheromone Receptor Knock-Out Affects Pheromone Detection and Brain Structure in a Moth

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(3), С. 341 - 341

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2022

Sex pheromone receptors are crucial in insects for mate finding and contribute to species premating isolation. Many have been functionally characterized, especially moths, but loss of function studies rare. Notably, the potential role development macroglomeruli antennal lobe (the brain structures processing signals) is not known. Here, we used CRISPR-Cas9 knock-out receptor major component sex noctuid moth Spodoptera littoralis, investigated resulting effects on electrophysiological responses peripheral pheromone-sensitive neurons structure macroglomeruli. We show that inactivation specifically affected corresponding did impact number reduced size macroglomerulus input from tuned main component. suggest this mutant neuroanatomical phenotype results a lack neuronal activity due absence potentially neural connectivity between neurons. This first evidence extends our knowledge different functions odorant can insect neurodevelopment.

Язык: Английский

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Genetic mechanisms modulating behaviour through plastic chemosensory responses in insects

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(1), С. 45 - 60

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2022

The ability to transition between different behavioural stages is a widespread phenomenon across the animal kingdom. Such adaptations are often linked changes in sensitivity of those neurons that sense chemical cues associated with respective behaviours. To identify genetic mechanisms regulate neuronal sensitivity, and by behaviour, typically *omics approaches, such as RNA- protein-sequencing, applied sensory organs individuals displaying differences behaviour. In this review, we discuss these how they impact summarize correlative functional evidence for their role regulating behaviour future directions. As such, review can help interpret data providing comprehensive list already identified genes through sensitivity.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of the social environment in insect sensory systems

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 59, С. 101083 - 101083

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2023

Язык: Английский

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