Remote Sensing,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(3), С. 534 - 534
Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025
Sulfur
dioxide
(SO2)
is
sourced
by
degassing
magma
in
the
shallow
crust;
hence
its
monitoring
provides
information
on
rates
of
ascent
feeding
conduit
and
style
intensity
eruption,
ultimately
contributing
to
volcano
hazard
assessment.
Here,
we
present
a
new
algorithm
extract
SO2
data
from
TROPOMI
imaging
spectrometer
aboard
Sentinel-5
Precursor
satellite,
which
delivers
atmospheric
column
measurements
sulfur
other
gases
with
an
unprecedented
spatial
resolution
daily
revisit
time.
Specifically,
automatically
volcanic
clouds
introducing
two-step
approach.
Firstly,
used
Simple
Non-Iterative
Clustering
segmentation
method,
object-based
image
analysis
approach;
secondly,
K-means
unsupervised
machine
learning
technique
applied
segmented
images,
allowing
further
better
clustering
distinguish
SO2.
We
implemented
this
open-source
Google
Earth
Engine
computing
platform,
imagery
collection
adjusted
terms
quality
parameters.
As
case
studies,
chose
three
volcanoes:
Mount
Etna
(Italy),
Taal
(Philippines)
Sangay
(Ecuador);
calculated
mass
values
2018
date,
focusing
few
paroxysmal
events.
Our
results
are
compared
available
literature
Level
2
imagery,
where
mask
provided
identify
SO2,
finding
optimal
agreement.
This
work
paves
way
release
flux
time
series
reduced
delay
improved
calculation
time,
rapid
response
unrest/eruption
at
volcanoes
worldwide.
Communications Earth & Environment,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
3(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2022
Abstract
The
underwater
Hunga
Tonga-Hunga
Ha-apai
volcano
erupted
in
the
early
hours
of
15th
January
2022,
and
injected
volcanic
gases
aerosols
to
over
50
km
altitude.
Here
we
synthesise
satellite,
ground-based,
situ
radiosonde
observations
eruption
investigate
strength
stratospheric
aerosol
water
vapour
perturbations
initial
weeks
after
quantify
net
radiative
impact
across
two
species
using
offline
transfer
modelling.
We
find
that
produced
largest
global
perturbation
since
Pinatubo
1991
observed
satellite
era.
Immediately
eruption,
cooling
dominated
local
heating/cooling
rates,
while
at
top-of-the-atmosphere
surface,
forcing.
However,
weeks,
due
dispersion/dilution,
heating
started
dominate
forcing,
leading
a
warming
climate
system.
The Innovation Geoscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
1(1), С. 100015 - 100015
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
<p>The
sustainability
of
life
on
Earth
is
under
increasing
threat
due
to
human-induced
climate
change.
This
perilous
change
in
the
Earth's
caused
by
increases
carbon
dioxide
and
other
greenhouse
gases
atmosphere,
primarily
emissions
associated
with
burning
fossil
fuels.
Over
next
two
three
decades,
effects
change,
such
as
heatwaves,
wildfires,
droughts,
storms,
floods,
are
expected
worsen,
posing
greater
risks
human
health
global
stability.
These
trends
call
for
implementation
mitigation
adaptation
strategies.
Pollution
environmental
degradation
exacerbate
existing
problems
make
people
nature
more
susceptible
In
this
review,
we
examine
current
state
from
different
perspectives.
We
summarize
evidence
Earth’s
spheres,
discuss
emission
pathways
drivers
analyze
impact
health.
also
explore
strategies
highlight
key
challenges
reversing
adapting
change.</p>
Atmospheric chemistry and physics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
23(2), С. 921 - 948
Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2023
Abstract.
A
previous
model
intercomparison
of
the
Tambora
aerosol
cloud
has
highlighted
substantial
differences
among
simulated
volcanic
properties
in
pre-industrial
stratosphere
and
led
to
questions
about
applicability
global
models
for
large-magnitude
explosive
eruptions
prior
observational
period.
Here,
we
compare
evolution
stratospheric
following
well-observed
June
1991
Mt.
Pinatubo
eruption
with
six
interactive
microphysics
a
range
data
sets.
Our
primary
focus
is
on
uncertainties
regarding
initial
SO2
emission
eruption,
as
prescribed
Historical
Eruptions
Emission
Assessment
experiments
(HErSEA),
framework
Interactive
Stratospheric
Aerosol
Model
Intercomparison
Project
(ISA-MIP).
Six
took
part
this
study:
ECHAM6-SALSA,
EMAC,
ECHAM5-HAM,
SOCOL-AERv2,
ULAQ-CCM,
UM-UKCA.
simulations
are
performed
by
varying
injection
amount
(ranging
between
5
10
Tg
S)
altitude
(between
18–25
km).
The
comparisons
show
that
all
consistently
demonstrate
faster
reduction
from
peak
sulfate
mass
burden
tropical
stratosphere.
Most
also
stronger
transport
towards
extratropics
Northern
Hemisphere,
at
expense
observed
confinement,
suggesting
much
weaker
subtropical
barrier
models,
which
results
shorter
e-folding
time
compared
observations.
Furthermore,
more
than
S
form
injected
an
overestimation
tropics
and,
some
Hemisphere
large
surface
area
density
few
months
after
values
measured
situ
measurements
over
Laramie.
This
draws
attention
importance
including
processes
such
ash
removal
lofting
through
local
heating.
The Innovation,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
6(1), С. 100734 - 100734
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Public
summary•Volcanic
eruptions
and
geoengineering
aerosol
injections
could
significantly
reduce
wind
speeds,
impacting
energy.•Simulations
reveal
a
consistent
2-year
global
speed
reduction
after
volcanic
eruptions.•The
is
linked
to
decrease
in
downward
momentum
flux,
triggered
by
forcing.•The
1815
Tambora
eruption
led
∼9.2%
power
density
the
following
2
years.AbstractNear-surface
(NSWS),
determinant
of
energy,
influenced
both
natural
anthropogenic
factors.
However,
specific
impacts
on
NSWS,
remain
unexplored.
Our
simulations
spanning
last
millennium
NSWS
10
major
historical
eruptions.
This
equates
an
approximately
two
inter-annual
standard
deviations
from
AD
851
1849.
weakening
subtropical
descending
air
forcing.
The
eruption,
one
most
powerful
recent
history,
subsequent
years.
research
fills
knowledge
gap,
establishes
theoretical
foundation
for
empirical
studies,
highlights
potential
energy
risks
large
atmospheric
injections,
including
eruptions,
nuclear
warfare,
climate
intervention.Graphical
abstract
Geophysical Research Letters,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
50(12)
Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2023
Abstract
Standard
climate
projections
represent
future
volcanic
eruptions
by
a
constant
forcing
inferred
from
1850
to
2014
forcing.
Using
the
latest
ice‐core
and
satellite
records
design
stochastic
eruption
scenarios,
we
show
that
there
is
95%
probability
explosive
could
emit
more
sulfur
dioxide
(SO
2
)
into
stratosphere
over
2015–2100
than
current
standard
(i.e.,
ScenarioMIP).
Our
simulations
using
UK
Earth
System
Model
with
interactive
stratospheric
aerosols
for
median
scenario,
average
global‐mean
aerosol
optical
depth
(SAOD)
double
used
in
ScenarioMIP,
small‐magnitude
(<3
Tg
of
SO
contributing
50%
SAOD
perturbations.
We
effects
on
large‐scale
indicators,
including
global
surface
temperature,
sea
level
ice
extent,
are
underestimated
ScenarioMIP
because
do
not
fully
account
recurrent
frequency
different
magnitudes.
Reviews of Geophysics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
61(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2023
Abstract
Volcanism
is
one
of
the
main
mechanisms
transferring
mass
and
energy
between
interior
Earth
Earth's
surface.
However,
global
flux
lava,
volcanic
ash
explosive
pyroclastic
deposits
not
well
constrained.
Here
we
review
published
estimates
erupted
products
from
1980
to
2019
by
a
compilation.
We
identified
1,064
magmatic
eruptions
that
occurred
Smithsonian
Global
Program
database.
For
each
eruption,
reported
both
total
its
partitioning
into
different
products.
Using
this
data
set,
quantified
temporal
spatial
evolution
subaerial
volcanism
at
regional
scale.
The
magma
in
analyzed
decade
ranged
1.1–4.9
×
10
13
kg.
Lava
product
representing
∼57%
magma.
related
biggest
(Magnitude
≥6),
with
long
recurrence
times,
can
temporarily
make
more
abundant
than
lava
(e.g.,
1990–1999).
Twenty‐three
volcanoes
produced
∼72%
mass,
while
two
sets
15
>70%
either
effusive
or
At
scale,
40‐year
average
eruptive
rates
calculated
have
same
magnitude
as
long‐term
(from
thousand
millions
years),
because
cases
are
scaled
for
times
comparable
time
occurred.
npj Climate and Atmospheric Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Май 29, 2024
Abstract
There
have
been
few
case
studies
of
the
relationship
between
Pacific
Decadal
Oscillation
(PDO)
and
East
Asian
climate
before
pre-industrial
era
with
limited
anthropogenic
impacts.
Using
CESM
Last
Millennium
Ensemble
(CESM-LME)
simulation
reconstruction
evidence,
we
showed
that
there
was
an
interdecadal
transition
summer
precipitation
in
China,
pattern
“southern
flooding
northern
drought”
mid-18th
century.
The
influenced
by
PDO,
as
suggested
both
evidence
simulation.
Corresponding
to
positive
PDO
phase
change,
Asia-Pacific
teleconnection
wave
train
propagated
northward
modulated
circulation
together
southward
movement
westerly
jet.
volcanic
double
or
clustered
eruptions
are
thought
played
a
crucial
role
on
shift
decadal
change
over
China
during
Incorporating
activity
reasonable
manner
would
likely
improve
simulations
past
predictions
future.
Nature Geoscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(3), С. 246 - 253
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
Abstract
The
jet
stream
over
the
Atlantic–European
sector
is
relevant
for
weather
and
climate
in
Europe.
It
generates
temperature
extremes
steers
moisture
flood-propelling
systems
to
Europe
or
facilitates
development
of
atmospheric
blocks,
which
can
lead
drought.
Ongoing
change
may
alter
characteristics,
affecting
extremes.
However,
little
known
about
past
interannual-to-decadal
variability
stream.
Here
we
analyse
strength,
tilt
latitude
from
1421
2023
an
ensemble
monthly
daily
reconstructions
fields.
We
compare
these
indices
with
blocking
frequency
cyclonic
activity
data
drought
flood
Summer
enhanced
Central
periods
a
poleward-shifted
jet.
An
equatorward-shifted
associated
decreased
leads
frequent
floods
Western
Alps,
particularly
winter.
Recurrent
patterns
causing
often
characterize
entire
season,
such
that
association
between
peak
discharge
seen
on
seasonal
even
annual
scales.
Jet
strength
are
significantly
influenced
by
volcanic
eruptions.
Our
600-year
perspective
shows
recent
changes
within
cannot
be
drivers
increasing
frequency.