A dynamic transmission model for assessing the impact of pneumococcal vaccination

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024

Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) is a bacterial pathogen that kills more than 300,000 children every year across the globe. Multiple vaccines exist prevent pneumococcal disease, with each vaccine covering variable number of 100 known serotypes. Due to high effectiveness these vaccines, new conjugate (PCV) introduction has resulted in decrease vaccine-type disease and shift serotype distribution towards non-vaccine types phenomenon called replacement. Here, an age-structured compartmental model was created capture carriage transmission dynamics SP subsequent progression presence introduced at different times age groups. The incorporates co-colonization competition, which drives replacement by types. calibrated historical age- serotype-specific invasive (IPD) data from United States. Vaccine-specific coverage were integrated accordance recommended timelines for group. Demographic parameters derived US-population-specific databases, while population mixing patterns informed US-specific published literature on age-group based matrices. then used project epidemiological impact PCV15, 15-valent vaccine, compared status quo vaccination PCV13 demonstrated value added serotypes PCV15. Projections revealed PCV15 would reduce IPD incidence 6.04% (range: 6.01% 6.06%) over 10 years when PCV13.

Язык: Английский

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Characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates obtained from the middle ear fluid of US children, 2011–2021

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), including higher valency such as PCV20, have the potential to reduce pediatric otitis media. We assessed serotype distribution, PCV coverage, and antimicrobial susceptibility of

Язык: Английский

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Clinical and economic burden of otitis media in children under 5 years of age in the United States: A retrospective study

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024

Reductions in all-cause otitis media (OM) following widespread pneumococcal conjugate vaccine use have plateaued. Granular burden of disease data are needed to guide evaluation and implementation new measures targeting OM prevention. We conducted a retrospective study assess the incidence treatment costs OM, tympanostomy tube placement (TTP), hearing loss children aged <5 years United States (US). episodes TTP between 2016 2017 were identified IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims Encounters, Medicare Supplemental Coordination Benefits, Multi-Medicaid databases using diagnosis codes (ICD-10). The rate per 100,000 person-years (IR) <5-year-olds was 62,726 Commercial/Medicare 55,874 Medicaid. IRs peaked at 9-<12 months (115,552 110,960, respectively). Approximately 5% 4% respective had (IR 3233 2404). Around 2% with 1468 1109, respectively), whom 41% TTP. estimated that there 11.1 million 2020 costing USD 4.8 billion. 243,618 direct total cost 637 million, or 13% overall cost. clinical economic attributable US high during period. Novel approaches improve broaden vaccine-induced protection against its complications. results could policymakers considering age-specific interventions reduce burden.

Язык: Английский

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Window of Susceptibility to Acute Otitis Media Infection

PEDIATRICS, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 151(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2023

Contemporary, quantitative data are needed to inform recommendations and decision-making regarding referral surgeon endorsement of tympanostomy tube placement in young children with recurrent acute otitis media (AOM).

Язык: Английский

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ISOM 2023 research Panel 4 - Diagnostics and microbiology of otitis media

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 174, С. 111741 - 111741

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2023

Язык: Английский

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