Essential oil and furanosesquiterpenes from myrrh oleo-gum resin: a breakthrough in mosquito vector management

Natural Products and Bioprospecting, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Abstract Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors of various pathogens public health concern and replacing conventional insecticides remains a challenge. In this regard, natural products represent valuable sources potential insecticidal compounds, thus increasingly attracting research interest. Commiphora myrrha (T.Nees) Engl. (Burseraceae) is medicinal plant whose oleo-gum resin used in food, cosmetics, fragrances, pharmaceuticals. Herein, the larvicidal its essential oil (EO) was assessed on four mosquito species ( Aedes albopictus Skuse, aegypti L., Anopheles gambiae Giles stephensi Liston), with LC 50 values ranging from 4.42 to 16.80 μg/mL. The bio-guided EO fractionation identified furanosesquiterpenes as main compounds. A GC–MS-driven untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed 32 affected metabolic pathways treated larvae. non-target toxicity Daphnia magna Straus (LC = 4.51 μL/L) cytotoxicity human kidney cell line (HEK293) (IC 14.38 μg/mL) were also assessed. This study shows innovative agents lays groundwork for possible exploitation C. sustainable approaches management. Graphical

Язык: Английский

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The role of wildlife in the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases in Slovakia

Current Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6, С. 100195 - 100195

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Tick-borne diseases (TBD) represent an important challenge for human and veterinary medicine. In Slovakia, studies on the epidemiology of tick-borne pathogens (TBP) regarding reservoir hosts have focused small mammals to a lesser extent birds or lizards, while knowledge role remaining vertebrate groups is limited. Generally, wild ungulates, hedgehogs, small- medium-sized carnivores, squirrels are feeding ticks serve as reservoirs TBP. Importantly, because they carry infected and/or serologically positive, can be used sentinels monitor presence TBP in environment. With their increasing occurrence urban suburban habitats, hedgehogs foxes becoming component developmental cycle Ixodes ricinus such Anaplasma phagocytophilum Babesia spp. On other hand, it has been postulated that cervids may act dilution Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) encephalitis virus. southwestern high prevalence infection with Theileria (100%) was observed some cervid populations, A. (prevalence c.50%) detected boars. The following were free-ranging birds, hedgehogs: phagocytophilum, Rickettsia spp., Coxiella burnetii, Neoehrlichia mikurensis, B. (s.l.), growing understanding wildlife pathogen carriers pathogen-infected offers valuable insights into TBP, providing foundation reducing risk TBD.

Язык: Английский

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Bacterial and host enzymes modulate the inflammatory response produced by the peptidoglycan of the Lyme disease agent

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi causes Lyme disease. In some patients, an excessive, dysregulated proinflammatory immune response can develop in joints leading to persistent arthritis. such persistence of antigenic B. peptidoglycan (PG Bb ) fragments within joint tissues may contribute the immunopatho-genesis, even after appropriate antibiotic treatment. live cells, outer membrane shields polymeric PG sacculus from exposure system. However, unlike most diderm bacteria, releases turnover products into its environment due absence recycling activity. this study, we identified released using a mass spectrometry-based approach. By characterizing L,D-carboxypeptidase activity protein BB0605 (renamed DacA), found that largely occurs at sites synthesis. parallel, demonstrated lytic transglycosylase associated with BB0259 MltS) 1,6-anhydro bond on their N -acetylmuramyl residues. Stimulation human cell lines various synthetic revealed 1,6-anhydromuramyl-containing are poor inducers NOD2-dependent relative hydrated counterparts. We also showed -acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase PGLYRP2, which reduces immunogenicity material, is low (synovial) fluids serum. Altogether, our findings suggest MltS helps evade PG-based detection by NOD2 during growth despite shedding and -induced immunopathology likely results host sensing material dead (lysed) spirochetes. Additionally, possibility natural variation PGLYRP2 differences susceptibility PG-induced inflammation across individuals. During bacterial infection, presence peptidoglycan-a element walls-triggers inflammatory response. Although generally protective acute phases, inflammation, when chronic, disease development. Recent work has suggested pro-inflammatory derived arthritis patients therapy. Interestingly, sheds growth. Here, show these shed spirochetes effectors receptor formation anhydro -acetyl-muramic residue hydrolysis transglycosylase. activity, abrogates immunogenic isolated lysed , Based findings, propose immunopathogenesis more derives (killed attack or antibiotics) than ones level peptido-glycan hydrolytic enzymes individuals influences chronic inflammation.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Detection of Tick-Borne Bacterial Pathogens in Ticks and Rodents from the China–Vietnam Border

Veterinary Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(3), С. 256 - 256

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Ticks and tick-borne diseases constitute a crucial focus for the health of both humans animals worldwide. Although numerous studies on have been conducted in China, reports pathogens ticks rodents from China–Vietnam border are scarce. In this study, we investigated bacterial pathogens, including Rickettsia, Anaplasmataceae, Borrelia, nine (Rattus norvegicus) 88 collected cattle Jingxi, city at border. Through molecular detection sequence analysis, four known were identified. Specifically, Rickettsia japonica was detected 46.3% (37/80) Haemaphysalis cornigera; Anaplasma phagocytophilum Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis identified one Ixodes granulatus rodent, respectively; Borrelia valaisiana two I. granulatus. Additionally, potentially novel species provisionally named sp. JX, 41.3% (33/80) Ha. cornigera, Rhipicephalus microplus, three granulatus, rodents, whereas tentatively To best our knowledge, is first report These results expand knowledge geographical distribution vector diversity China conducive to evaluation thee potential public risk.

Язык: Английский

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Borrelia burgdorferi loses essential genetic elements and cell proliferative potential during stationary phase in culture but not in the tick vector

Journal of Bacteriology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025

ABSTRACT The Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi is a polyploid bacterium with segmented genome in which both the chromosome and over 20 distinct plasmids are present multiple copies per cell. This pathogen can survive for at least 9 months its tick vector an apparent dormant state between blood meals, without losing cell proliferative capability when re-exposed to nutrients. Cultivated B. cells grown stationary phase or resuspended nutrient-limited media often used study effects of nutrient deprivation. However, thorough assessment spirochete’s ability recover from depletion has been lacking. Our shows that starved cultures rapidly lose ability. Loss genetic elements essential proliferation contributes observed defect phase. gradual decline not perfectly synchronized chromosomes plasmids, generating harbor one more but lack all non-essential plasmids. phenomenon likely well-documented issue plasmid loss during vitro cultivation . In contrast, ticks 14 showed no evidence reduced loss. Beyond their practical implications studying , these findings suggest midgut offers unique environment supports maintenance ’s potential periods fasting. IMPORTANCE causes disease, prevalent tick-borne illness. must long (months year) dormancy meals. Resilience starvation common trait among bacteria. this reveals that, laboratory cultures, poorly endures loses viability. linked required proliferation. These results persistence nature shaped by environmental conditions than innate endure

Язык: Английский

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Microbiome-based surveillance of zoonotic tick-borne pathogens from urban wild boars in Barcelona, 2022–2023

One Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20, С. 101022 - 101022

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Geographic Variation in the Prevalence of Candidatus Neoehrlichia procyonis in Raccoons (Procyon lotor) in the United States and Canada

MicrobiologyOpen, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Raccoons ( Procyon lotor ) are reservoirs for pathogens of other wildlife species, domestic animals, and humans, including several tick‐borne pathogens. A relatively understudied organism in raccoons is Candidatus Neoehrlichia procyonis which has been detected from the southeastern United States. related species Europe Asia, mikurensis , uses rodents as Ixodes spp. vectors; however, studies on suggest they not susceptible to Ca . N. procyonis. associated with cases neoehrlichiosis people dogs, emphasizes need better understand natural history We conducted a molecular survey selected regions States Canada. Of 394 tested, 167 (42.4%) were confirmed be positive based sequence analysis. There was spatial variation prevalence significantly higher (68%, 268/394) being Southeast region compared all regions, although high (55.1%, 217/394) California. Lower Midwest (3.8%, 15/394) none Canada positive. These data that widespread raccoon populations but there may vector distribution or some factor. Although known infect hosts than raccoons, should considered suspected ehrlichiosis immunocompromised dogs have no etiologic agent.

Язык: Английский

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A Novel flaB Gene-Based Profiling Approach for the Rapid and Accurate Detection of Borreliella and Borrelia Species in Ticks

Pathogens, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 506 - 506

Опубликована: Май 21, 2025

The increasing incidence of tick-borne diseases in Europe necessitates the development accurate and high-throughput molecular tools for detecting pathogens tick populations. In this study, we present a novel flaB gene-based profiling method detection identification Borrelia Borreliella species Ixodes ricinus ticks, combining newly designed primers with next-generation sequencing (NGS). was evaluated alongside conventional nested PCR targeting gene, as well microbial based on V4 region rrs using DNA extracted from 1088 specimens pooled into 94 samples. Our results demonstrate that approach highest-performing out three methods, Borreliaceae 83 pools, compared to 58 56 pools profiling, respectively. A total 23 distinct sequence variants were identified, corresponding five species: afzelii, Bl. garinii, valaisiana, burgdorferi, miyamotoi. Additionally, enabled putative strain-level discrimination within species. highlight value robust tool ecological epidemiological studies diversity ticks.

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing ¹O₂ Production with Biomimetic Pt Catalysts through Electronic Structure Modification

Nano Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 23, 2025

Singlet oxygen (1O2) is an excellent reactive species in the biomedical disinfection field; however, efficient and selective generation of 1O2 remains challenging. Herein, we design bioinspired Pt@UiO-66-X catalysts (X = -NH2, -H, -Br), with Pt nanoparticles as active centers metal-organic framework (MOF) nanocavities biomimetic binding pockets, to form a tailored electronic microenvironment for enhancing generation. The results demonstrate that electron-withdrawing functionalized Pt@UiO-66-Br can significantly improve production efficiency 1O2, which 1.5 2.5 times higher than those Pt@UiO-66 Pt@UiO-66-NH2, respectively. Ab initio calculations reveal functional groups reduce local electron density Pt, thereby leading decrease antibonding-orbital occupancy Pt-Oads subsequently facilitating formation *OO. Importantly, catalyst shows good antibacterial properties both vitro vivo. This work provides promising prospect rational high-performance application.

Язык: Английский

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Making the best of a bad sample: Comparison of DNA extraction and quantification methods using sub-optimally stored Ixodes ricinus ticks

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(5), С. e0323251 - e0323251

Опубликована: Май 29, 2025

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the performance four DNA extraction methods on a collection 200 sub-optimally stored Ixodes ricinus ticks from Southeastern Norway (177 nymphs, 11 males and 12 females). were ammoniium hydroxide hydrolysis homogenised or intact two commercial silica membrane-based kits, QIAGEN Blood Tissue kit Mini kit. evaluated by spectrophotometry, fluorometry, agarose gel electrophoresis quantitative PCR. second compare evaluating yield purity. All provided amplifiable DNA, but variable (median 151 ng, range 0.13 4500 ng). yields not significantly different across methods. Nine samples inhibitory, all which ammonium extracts ticks. purity, as judged A 260/280 ratios, low; it highest (mean = 1.63) for Qiagen with other showing values averaging 1.44. measurements using qPCR, fluorometry (Qubit), drop spectrophotometry (NanoDrop) (E-gels) correlated poorly, r ranging <0 0.9 no systematic pattern (average 0.4), probably reflecting effects low concentrations differing amounts single- double-stranded DNA. Neoehrlichia mikurensis Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. detected in 5 13% samples, respectively qPCR. Our findings indicate that purposes qPCR analysis, ticks, very cheap simple method is good any tested.

Язык: Английский

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