Plant Polyphenols: Chemical Properties, Biological Activities, and Synthesis

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 50(3), С. 586 - 621

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2011

Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables per day! This is what highly recommended heavily advertised nowadays to the general public stay fit healthy! Drinking green tea on a regular basis, eating chocolate from time time, as well savoring couple glasses red wine day have been claimed increase life expectancy even further! Why? The answer in fact still under scientific scrutiny, but particular class compounds naturally occurring considered be crucial for expression such human health benefits: polyphenols! What are these plant products really? their physicochemical properties? How do they express biological activity? Are really valuable disease prevention? Can used develop new pharmaceutical drugs? recent progress has made toward preparation by organic synthesis? Review gives answers chemical perspective, summarizes state art, highlights most significant advances field polyphenol research.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms of plant defense against insect herbivores

Plant Signaling & Behavior, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 7(10), С. 1306 - 1320

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2012

Plants respond to herbivory through various morphological, biochemicals, and molecular mechanisms counter/offset the effects of herbivore attack. The biochemical defense against herbivores are wide-ranging, highly dynamic, mediated both by direct indirect defenses. defensive compounds either produced constitutively or in response plant damage, affect feeding, growth, survival herbivores. In addition, plants also release volatile organic that attract natural enemies These strategies act independently conjunction with each other. However, our understanding these is still limited. Induced resistance could be exploited as an important tool for pest management minimize amounts insecticides used control. Host insects, particularly, induced resistance, can manipulated use chemical elicitors secondary metabolites, which confer insects. By we predict likely affected responses. responses sprayed on crop build up system damage caused engineered genetically, so challenged herbivory. developing cultivars, readily produce inducible upon mild infestation, one components integrated sustainable production.

Язык: Английский

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The interaction of plant biotic and abiotic stresses: from genes to the field

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 63(10), С. 3523 - 3543

Опубликована: Март 30, 2012

Plant responses to different stresses are highly complex and involve changes at the transcriptome, cellular, physiological levels. Recent evidence shows that plants respond multiple differently from how they do individual stresses, activating a specific programme of gene expression relating exact environmental conditions encountered. Rather than being additive, presence an abiotic stress can have effect reducing or enhancing susceptibility biotic pest pathogen, vice versa. This interaction between is orchestrated by hormone signalling pathways may induce antagonize one another, in particular abscisic acid. Specificity further controlled range molecular mechanisms act together regulatory network. Transcription factors, kinase cascades, reactive oxygen species key components this cross-talk, as heat shock factors small RNAs. review aims characterize level, focusing on important both pathways. Identifying master regulators connect response fundamental providing opportunities for developing broad-spectrum stress-tolerant crop plants.

Язык: Английский

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Flavonoid oxidation in plants: from biochemical properties to physiological functions

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2006, Номер 12(1), С. 29 - 36

Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2006

Язык: Английский

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Plant Responses to Simultaneous Biotic and Abiotic Stress: Molecular Mechanisms

Plants, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 3(4), С. 458 - 475

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2014

Plants are constantly confronted to both abiotic and biotic stresses that seriously reduce their productivity. Plant responses these complex involve numerous physiological, molecular, cellular adaptations. Recent evidence shows a combination of stress can have positive effect on plant performance by reducing the susceptibility stress. Such an interaction between types points crosstalk respective signaling pathways. This may be synergistic and/or antagonistic include among others involvement phytohormones, transcription factors, kinase cascades, reactive oxygen species (ROS). In certain cases, such lead cross-tolerance enhancement plant’s resistance against pathogens. review aims at giving insight into stress, focusing molecular level regulatory

Язык: Английский

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Herbal Extracts and Phytochemicals: Plant Secondary Metabolites and the Enhancement of Human Brain function

Advances in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 2(1), С. 32 - 50

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2011

Язык: Английский

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Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids: A Review

Food and Bioprocess Technology, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 5(2), С. 409 - 424

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2011

Язык: Английский

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Anthocyanins: from plant to health

Phytochemistry Reviews, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 7(2), С. 281 - 299

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2007

Язык: Английский

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Plant Glandular Trichomes as Targets for Breeding or Engineering of Resistance to Herbivores

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 13(12), С. 17077 - 17103

Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2012

Glandular trichomes are specialized hairs found on the surface of about 30% all vascular plants and responsible for a significant portion plant’s secondary chemistry. an important source essential oils, i.e., natural fragrances or products that can be used by pharmaceutical industry, although many these substances have evolved to provide plant with protection against herbivores pathogens. The storage compartment glandular usually is located tip hair part cell, cells, which metabolically active. Trichomes their exudates harvested relatively easily, this has permitted detailed study metabolites, as well genes proteins them. This knowledge now assists classical breeding programs, targeted genetic engineering, aimed optimize trichome density physiology facilitate customization oil production tune biocide activity enhance crop protection. We will overview metabolic diversity within trichomes, emphasis those Solanaceae, tools available manipulate activities enhancing resistance pests.

Язык: Английский

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Natural Bioactive Compounds from Winery By-Products as Health Promoters: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 15(9), С. 15638 - 15678

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2014

The relevance of food composition for human health has increased consumers’ interest in the consumption fruits and vegetables, as well foods enriched bioactive compounds nutraceuticals. This fact led to a growing attention suppliers on reuse agro-industrial wastes rich healthy plant ingredients. On this matter, grape been pointed out source compounds. Currently, up 210 million tons grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) are produced annually, being 15% addressed wine-making industry. socio-economic activity generates large amount solid waste (up 30%, w/w material used). Winery include biodegradable solids namely stems, skins, seeds. Bioactive from winery by-products have disclosed interesting promoting activities both vitro vivo. is comprehensive review phytochemicals present by-products, extraction techniques, industrial uses, biological demonstrated by their concerning potential health.

Язык: Английский

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