City and Environment Interactions,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
21, С. 100140 - 100140
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Most
of
the
published
studies
on
pharmaceutical
products
(PhPs)
focus
their
occurrence
in
influent/effluent
at
wastewater
treatment
plants
(WWTPs)
urban
areas
with
high
population
density.
In
peri-urban/rural
not
collected
to
any
WWTP,
despite
lack
sewage
collection,
and
often
(poor)
on-site
treatment,
data
PhPs
surface
water
bodies
is
scarce.
this
study,
we
investigated
impact
onsite
systems
six
PhPs,
along
hydrological
hydrochemical
data,
drainage
network
a
area
Italy.
Our
results,
from
other
studies,
show
are
major
source
PhPs.
76%
analyses
positively
quantified
presence
carbamazepine
clarithromycin
always
quantifiable,
even
scarcely
inhabited
areas,
generally
higher
concentrations
than
those
reported
previous
studies.
As
result,
may
cause
ubiquitous,
if
low
concentrations,
aquatic
systems.
order
allow
comparison,
reporting
environmental
concentration
values
should
clearly
detail
/environmental
setting
(population
density,
WWTPs)
hydrological/hydrochemical
conditions.
Furthermore,
joint
use
hidrochemical
parameters
provide
useful
proxies
for
or
identify
nitrate
sources
origin.
Discharge,
T,
EC
ORP
help
understanding
relevance
mixing
and,
then,
importance
dilution
processes
reducing
concentration.
The
has
be
duly
considered
protect
ecosystems
groundwater,
such
safe
irrigation
purposes.
Further
trains
based
concept
nature-based
solutions
(i.e,
vegetated
channels.
artificial
wetlands)
could
constitute
valuable
solution
exploiting
soil-water-plant
continuum
around
main
residential
enhance
degradation
processes.
Nukleonika,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
69(2), С. 53 - 63
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Abstract
Pharmaceutically
active
compounds
are
the
most
widely
produced
and
consumed
consumer
products
that
pose
a
substantial
threat
to
environment
living
organisms
owing
their
pharmacokinetics,
side
effects,
contraindications.
In
this
study,
degradation
of
chloroquine
(CQ),
popular
antimalarial
recently
proposed
COVID-19
drug,
was
investigated
under
electron
beam
(EB)
irradiation
aqueous
solutions.
Both
hydroxyl
radical
hydrated
generated
in
radiolysis
water
contribute
CQ
solution.
The
overall
removal
efficiency
for
125
mg·L
-1
solution
EB
treatment
is
reported
be
>80%
at
neutral
pH
maximum
dose
7
kGy.
Removal
further
favored
by
acidic
slightly
alkaline
conditions
where
reactions
with
radicals
electrons
favored,
respectively.
Additionally,
increments
applied
resulted
increased
same
concentration
CQ.
Conversely,
decreased
increasing
dose.
initial
pH,
dose,
pollutant
play
an
important
role
EB-induced
influencing
available
oxidizing
reducing
species.
chemical
oxygen
demand
(COD)
total
organic
carbon
(TOC)
were
not
significantly
during
process
indicated
formation
byproducts,
which
degraded
current
experimental
conditions.
Journal of Hazardous Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
480, С. 135947 - 135947
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2024
The
eco-geno-toxicological
impacts
of
the
most
widely
used
antiviral
drugs
against
SARS-CoV2
-
ribavirin,
ritonavir,
nirmatrelvir
and
tenofovir
were
investigated
in
freshwater
organisms.
Ribavirin
exhibited
highest
acute
toxicity
rotifer
Brachionus
calyciflorus
at
concentrations
a
few
mg/L
while
ritonavir
showed
similar
effects
tens
mg/L;
ribavirin
was
also
observed
crustacean
Ceriodaphnia
dubia
concentrations.
In
contrast,
Thamnocephalus
platyurus
lowest
sensitivity
to
tested
with
no
sublethal
effects.
Chronic
tests
revelead
that
these
antivirals
induced
consumers
environmental
concern
(ng-µg/L).
alga
Raphidocelis
subcapitata,
B.
C.
dubia.
DNA
damage
oxidative
stress
0.001
µg/L
0.1
when
exposed
respectively,
1
tenofovir.
Toxic
genotoxic
risks
assessed
risk
quotients
for
exceeding
threshold
1,
indicating
significant
concern.
