Chemical Research in Toxicology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

Nanoparticles, defined by their nanoscale dimensions and unique physicochemical properties, are widely utilized in healthcare, electronics, environmental sciences, consumer products. However, increasing evidence of potential embryotoxic effects during pregnancy underscores the need for a molecular-level understanding interactions embryonic development. Nanoparticles such as titanium dioxide, silver, cerium oxide, copper quantum dots can cross placental barrier interfere with crucial developmental processes. At molecular level, they disrupt signaling pathways like Wnt Hedgehog, induce oxidative stress inflammation, cause genotoxic effects, all critical sensitive phases, organogenesis. Furthermore, these nanoparticles interact directly cellular components, including DNA, proteins, lipids, impairing function viability. Innovative strategies to mitigate nanoparticle toxicity, surface modifications incorporation biocompatible coatings, discussed solutions reduce adverse interactions. Various laboratory animal models used investigate nanoparticle-induced embryotoxicity evaluated efficacy limitations, providing insights into applicability effects. This Account examines mechanisms which compromise development emphasizes importance designing safer minimize maternal-fetal exposure risks, particularly biomedical applications.

Язык: Английский