Melatonin: Roles in influenza, Covid‐19, and other viral infections

Reviews in Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(3)

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2020

Summary There is a growing appreciation that the regulation of melatonergic pathways, both pineal and systemic, may be an important aspect in how viruses drive cellular changes underpin their control function. We review pathway role viral infections, emphasizing influenza covid‐19 infections. Viral, or preexistent, suppression melatonin disinhibits neutrophil attraction, thereby contributing to initial “cytokine storm”, as well other immune cells. Melatonin induces circadian gene, Bmal1, which pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), countering inhibition Bmal1/PDC. PDC drives mitochondrial conversion acetyl‐coenzyme A (acetyl‐CoA), increasing tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, ATP production. Pineal attenuates this, preventing “resetting” metabolism. This especially relevant cells, where shifting metabolism from glycolytic switches cells reactive quiescent phenotypes. Acetyl‐CoA necessary cosubstrate for arylalkylamine N‐acetyltransferase, providing acetyl group serotonin, initiating pathway. Consequently, regulates cell phenotype. Virus‐ cytokine‐storm‐driven therefore responses. Virus‐and cytokine storm‐driven also increase gut permeability dysbiosis, suppressing levels short‐chain fatty acid, butyrate, circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The alterations butyrate LPS can promote replication host symptom severity via impacts on Focussing regulators has treatment implications

Язык: Английский

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Telomere and its role in the aging pathways: telomere shortening, cell senescence and mitochondria dysfunction

Biogerontology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 20(1), С. 1 - 16

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Impact of Polyphenolic-Food on Longevity: An Elixir of Life. An Overview

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(4), С. 507 - 507

Опубликована: Март 24, 2021

Aging and, particularly, the onset of age-related diseases are associated with tissue dysfunction and macromolecular damage, some which can be attributed to accumulation oxidative damage. Recently, growing interest has emerged on beneficial effects plant-based diets for prevention chronic including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease. Several studies collectively suggests that intake polyphenols their major food sources may exert improving insulin resistance related diabetes risk factors, such as inflammation stress. They most abundant antioxidants in diet, been a reduced aging humans. Polyphenolic shown effective at ameliorating several phenotypes, stress, inflammation, impaired proteostasis, cellular senescence, both vitro vivo. In this paper, these phytochemicals (either pure forms or polyphenolic-food) reviewed summarized according affected signaling pathways. Finally, effectiveness anti-aging preventive action nutritional interventions based rich polyphenolic food, Blue zones, discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Understanding Long COVID; Mitochondrial Health and Adaptation—Old Pathways, New Problems

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(12), С. 3113 - 3113

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2022

Many people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 suffer long-term symptoms, such as "brain fog", fatigue and clotting problems. Explanations for "long COVID" include immune imbalance, incomplete viral clearance potentially, mitochondrial dysfunction. As conditions sub-optimal function are associated initial severity of disease, their prior health could be key in resistance to long COVID recovery. The SARs virus redirects host metabolism towards replication; response, can metabolically react control virus. Resolution is normally achieved after stress activates a hormetic negative feedback mechanism. It therefore possible that, some individuals function, "tip" into chronic inflammatory cycle. This might explain main including platelet Long thus described virally induced self-perpetuating imbalanced non-resolving state characterised by dysfunction, where reactive oxygen species continually drive inflammation shift glycolysis. would suggest that sufferer's needs "tipped" back using stimulus, physical activity, calorie restriction, or chemical compounds mimic these enhancing perhaps combination inhibitors quell response.

Язык: Английский

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The Molecular Mechanism of Polyphenols in the Regulation of Ageing Hallmarks

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(6), С. 5508 - 5508

Опубликована: Март 14, 2023

Ageing is a complex process characterized mainly by decline in the function of cells, tissues, and organs, resulting an increased risk mortality. This involves several changes, described as hallmarks ageing, which include genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic loss proteostasis, dysregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell depletion, altered intracellular communication. The determining role that environmental factors such diet lifestyle play on health, life expectancy, susceptibility to diseases, including cancer neurodegenerative wellestablished. In view growing interest beneficial effects phytochemicals prevention chronic studies have been conducted, they strongly suggest intake dietary polyphenols may bring numerous benefits due their antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties, has associated with impaired ageing humans. Polyphenol shown be effective ameliorating age-related phenotypes, oxidative stress, inflammatory processes, among other features, contribute ageing-associated diseases. review aims address, general way, main findings literature about each well regulatory mechanisms responsible for observed antiageing effects.

Язык: Английский

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Diet and Aging: The Role of Polyphenol-Rich Diets in Slow Down the Shortening of Telomeres: A Review

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(12), С. 2086 - 2086

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023

The ends of human chromosomes are defended by DNA-protein complexes named telomeres, which inhibit the from fusing with each other and being known as a double-strand break DNA reparation proteins. Telomere length is marker biological aging, disfunction telomeres related to age-related syndromes. attrition has been shown be accelerated oxidative stress inflammation. proven positively linked nutritional status in animal scientific research several nutrients influence it through mechanisms that imitate their function cellular roles including Data reported this article support idea following low-in-fat rich-plant polyphenols food diet seems able slow down shortening telomeres.

Язык: Английский

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Valproic Acid and Lamotrigine Differentially Modulate the Telomere Length in Epilepsy Patients

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1), С. 255 - 255

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

Background/Objectives: Antiseizure drugs (ASDs) are the primary therapy for epilepsy, and choice varies according to seizure type. Epilepsy patients experience chronic mitochondrial oxidative stress increased levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, recognizable hallmarks biological aging; however, few studies have explored aging markers in epilepsy. Herein, we addressed first time impact ASDs on molecular by measuring telomere length (TL) mtDNA copy number (mtDNA-CN). Methods: We used real-time quantitative PCR (QPCR) epilepsy compared matched healthy controls (CTs) assessed association with plasma other clinical variables. The sample comprised 64 CTs. Patients were grouped based monotherapy lamotrigine (LTG) or valproic acid (VPA), those treated a combination (LTG + VPA). Multivariable logistic regression was applied analyze obtained data. Results: mtDNA-CN similar between controls, none comparisons significant this marker. TL shorter not seizure-free than CTs (1.50 ± 0.35 vs. 1.68 0.34; p < 0.05), regardless ASD therapy. These exhibited highest proportion adverse drug reactions. longer VPA monotherapy, followed LTG an combined scheme (1.77 0.24; 1.50 0.32; 1.36 0.37, respectively; suggesting that treatment differentially modulates TL. Conclusions: Our findings suggest clinicians could consider measurements decide best option (VPA and/or LTG) help predict responses patients.

Язык: Английский

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The Potential Protective Role of Mitochondrial Haplogroup R in Ovarian Response: An Exploratory Study

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(6), С. 2513 - 2513

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

An investigation of the mtDNA haplogroup in 96 Taiwanese women with diminished ovarian response (DOR) and normal (NOR) showed that only R is less likely to experience DOR than other haplogroups. When analyzing relationship between age mitochondria-related markers (mtDNA copy number, ROS levels, telomere length), it was observed levels length exhibited age-dependent changes, number retrieved oocytes decreased age. However, haplogroup, these remained stable did not show significant changes Additionally, decline age, suggesting a unique protective effect associated this haplogroup. Our study supports notion may serve as biomarker for infertility women.

Язык: Английский

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Accelerated aging in serious mental disorders

Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 32(5), С. 381 - 387

Опубликована: Май 30, 2019

Clinical, epidemiological, and biological evidence raises the possibility that serious mental disorders (SMDs) are associated with accelerated aging. To extent this is true; SMDs should not simply be considered in terms of illness or brain dysfunction, but also as 'whole body' multisystem illnesses, else conditions significant somatic concomitants.

Язык: Английский

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Role of mitochondrial dysfunction on rheumatic diseases

Biochemical Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 165, С. 181 - 195

Опубликована: Март 9, 2019

Язык: Английский

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