Biological invasions in forest ecosystems

Biological Invasions, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 19(11), С. 3437 - 3458

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Global Commitments to Conserving and Monitoring Genetic Diversity Are Now Necessary and Feasible

BioScience, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 71(9), С. 964 - 976

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2021

Abstract Global conservation policy and action have largely neglected protecting monitoring genetic diversity—one of the three main pillars biodiversity. Genetic diversity (diversity within species) underlies species’ adaptation survival, ecosystem resilience, societal innovation. The low priority given to has been due knowledge gaps in key areas, including importance trends change; perceived high expense availability scattered nature data; complicated concepts information that are inaccessible policymakers. However, numerous recent advances knowledge, technology, databases, practice, capacity now set stage for better integration instruments efforts. We review these developments explore how they can support improved consideration global commitments enable countries monitor, report on, take maintain or restore diversity.

Язык: Английский

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Promoting and maintaining diversity in contemporary hardwood forests: Confronting contemporary drivers of change and the loss of ecological memory

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 421, С. 98 - 108

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2018

Язык: Английский

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The oak syngameon: more than the sum of its parts

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 226(4), С. 978 - 983

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2019

Summary One of Anthropocene's most daunting challenges for conservation biology is habitat extinction, caused by rapid global change. Tree diversity has persisted through previous episodes change, even extinctions. Given the pace current our management extant needs to facilitate and enhance natural ability trees adapt diversify. Numerous processes contribute this evolutionary flexibility, including introgression, a widespread yet under‐studied process. Reproductive networks, in which species remain distinct despite interspecific gene flow, are called syngameons, concept largely inspired from work focusing on Quercus . Delineating analyzing such groups, empirically theoretically, will provide insights into nonadditive effects evolution numerous partially interfertile exchanging genetic material episodically under changing environmental conditions. To conserve tree diversity, crossing experiments designed with an empirical theoretical understanding constituent syngameon should be set up assist diversification adaptation Anthropocene. Our increasingly detailed knowledge oak genome intraspecific phenotypic variation improve sustain unpredictable unprecedented future.

Язык: Английский

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The Road to Resistance in Forest Trees

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10

Опубликована: Март 29, 2019

In recent years, forests have been exposed to an unprecedented rise in pests and pathogens. This, coupled with the added challenge of climate change, renders forest plantation stock vulnerable attack severely limits productivity. Genotypes resistant such biotic challenges are desired forestry reduce losses. Conventional breeding has a main avenue obtain genotypes. More recently, genetic engineering become viable approach develop resistance against pathogens trees. Tree genomic resources contributed advancements both these approaches. Genome-wide association studies selection tree populations accelerated tools whilst integration various levels omics information facilitates candidate genes for engineering. Furthermore, associations non-pathogenic endophytic subterranean microbes play critical role plant health may be engineered trees improve future. We look at describing defence mechanisms using approaches propose way forward developing superior genotypes enhanced stress.

Язык: Английский

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Strategic roadmap to assess forest vulnerability under air pollution and climate change

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(17), С. 5062 - 5085

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022

Abstract Although it is an integral part of global change, most the research addressing effects climate change on forests have overlooked role environmental pollution. Similarly, studies investigating air pollutants generally neglected impacts change. We review current knowledge combined pollution and forest ecosystems identify several key priorities as a roadmap for future. Specifically, we recommend (1) establishment much denser array monitoring sites, particularly in South Hemisphere; (2) further integration ground satellite monitoring; (3) generation flux‐based standards critical levels taking into account sensitivity dominant tree species; (4) long‐term N, S, P cycles base cations deposition together at scale; (5) intensification experimental studies, different abiotic factors by assuring better representation taxonomic functional diversity across ~73,000 species Earth; (6) more focus phenomics genomics; (7) improved processes regulating dynamics radionuclides systems; (8) development models integrating data from programs.

Язык: Английский

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Plantation forests in Europe: challenges and opportunities

Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2019

Язык: Английский

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New guidance for ex situ gene conservation: Sampling realistic population systems and accounting for collection attrition

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 235, С. 199 - 208

Опубликована: Май 20, 2019

Язык: Английский

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The viability of a breeding programme for ash in the British Isles in the face of ash dieback

Plants People Planet, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 2(1), С. 29 - 40

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2019

Societal Impact Statement The current ash dieback epidemic in Europe caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus poses a key question to policy makers: whether or not commit time and resources the initiation of breeding programme for development more resistant ash, as long‐term adaptation epidemic. Here we review evidence on potential viability such programme, from biological perspective. We conclude that aimed at resistance strains H . British Isles is biologically feasible. Summary To evaluate feasibility future produce trees an emerging pest pathogen, it helpful ask following questions: How much variation exists tree populations? what extent this heritable? many genetic loci are involved? What level found other species same genus? Here, survey knowledge these issues relation degree European ( Fraxinus excelsior ) , fungus causing (ADB). Several studies have low frequency heritable F. populations, which seems be determined loci. This suggests viable natural selection may also increase mean populations over time. More research needed basis ADB understand how quickly can operate woodlands acceleration possible programmes, including via use markers. Hybrid programmes possibility, some appear than but issue. do yet know if will breed both threat emerald borer. recommend short‐term mitigation measures directions.

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing Plantation Forest Sustainability: A Review of Eucalyptus Defence Mechanisms to Foliar Fungal Pathogens

Current Forestry Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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