The role of bile acids in carcinogenesis

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 79(5)

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2022

Abstract Bile acids are soluble derivatives of cholesterol produced in the liver that subsequently undergo bacterial transformation yielding a diverse array metabolites. The bulk bile acid synthesis takes place primary acids; however, other tissues have also capacity to generate (e.g. ovaries). Hepatic then transported and released into intestines. In large intestine, fraction is converted secondary by gut bacteria. majority intestinal reuptake return liver. A small remains circulation exert receptor-mediated pure chemical effects acidic oesophageal cancer) on cancer cells. this review, we assess how changes biosynthesis, flux local concentration modulate behavior different cancers. Here, present in-depth involvement oesophageal, gastric, hepatocellular, pancreatic, colorectal, breast, prostate, ovarian cancer. Previous studies often used supraphysiological concentration, sometimes concentrations 1000 times higher than highest reported tissue or serum likely eliciting unspecific effects, practice advocate against review. Furthermore, show that, although were classically considered as pro-carcinogenic agents cancer), dogma switch, lower correspond their reference possess anticancer activity subset Differences response cancers lie differential expression receptors between FXR vs. TGR5). UDCA, sold generic medication cholestasis biliary surge, its conjugates identified with almost purely features suggesting possibility for drug repurposing. Taken together, tumor inducers promoter molecules; nevertheless, certain cancers, like breast cancer, may act suppressors Janus-faced nature carcinogenesis.

Язык: Английский

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The gut microbiota in breast cancer development and treatment: The good, the bad, and the useful!

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2023

Regardless of the global progress in early diagnosis and novel therapeutic regimens, breast carcinoma poses a devastating threat, advances are somewhat marred by high mortality rates. Breast cancer risk prediction models based on known factors extremely useful, but large number cancers develop women with no/low risk. The gut microbiome exerts profound impact host health physiology has emerged as pivotal frontier pathogenesis. Progress metagenomic analysis enabled identification specific changes microbial signature. In this review, we discuss metabolomic associated initiation metastatic progression. We summarize bidirectional various cancer-related therapies microbiota vice-versa. Finally, strategies to modulate toward more favorable state that confers anticancer effects.

Язык: Английский

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Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Breast Cancer and Benign Breast Lesions

Polish Journal of Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 71(2), С. 217 - 226

Опубликована: Май 31, 2022

Breast cancer (BC) and benign breast lesions (BBLs) are common diseases in women worldwide. The gut microbiota plays a vital role regulating diseases' formation, progression, therapy response. Hence, we explored the structure function of microflora patients with BC BBLs. A cohort 66 subjects was enrolled study. Twenty-six had BC, 20 BBLs, matched healthy controls. High throughput 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing technology used to determine microbial community structure. Compared individuals, significantly lower alpha diversity indices (Sobs index, p = 0.019; Chao1 0.033). Sobs were also BBLs than without statistical significance (p 0.279, 0.314, respectively). Both unweighted weighted UniFrac analysis showed that beta differed among three groups 3.376e-14, < 0.001, levels Porphyromonas Peptoniphilus higher 0.004, 0.007, respectively), whereas Escherichia Lactobacillus more enriched lesion group 0.011, Our study indicates may undergo significant changes intestinal microbiota. These findings can help elucidate flora patients.

Язык: Английский

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Circulating tumor cells clusters and their role in Breast cancer metastasis; a review of literature

Discover Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract Breast cancer is a significant and deadly threat to women globally. Moreover, metastasis complicated process involving multiple biological stages, which considered substantial cause of death, where cells spread from the original tumor other organs in body—representing primary mortality factor. Circulating (CTCs) are detached or metastatic enter bloodstream, allowing them establish new sites. CTCs can travel alone groups called CTC clusters. Studies have shown that clusters more potential for poorer prognosis than individual breast patients. However, our understanding clusters' formation, structure, function, detection still limited. This review summarizes current knowledge properties, isolation, prognostic significance cancer. It also highlights challenges future directions research clinical application

Язык: Английский

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Intra-tumoral bacteria in breast cancer and intervention strategies

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 115516 - 115516

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The effect of the intratumoral microbiome on tumor occurrence, progression, prognosis and treatment

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2022

In the past few decades, great progress has been achieved in understanding of microbiome-cancer interactions. However, most studies have focused on gut microbiome, ignoring how other microbiomes interact with tumors. Emerging evidence suggests that many types cancers, such as lung cancer, pancreatic and colorectal intratumoral microbiome plays a significant role. addition, accumulating microbes multiple effects biological behavior tumors, for example, regulating tumor initiation progression altering response to chemotherapy immunotherapy. fully understand role further investigation mechanisms is still needed. This review discusses bacteria tumorigenesis progression, recurrence metastasis, well their effect cancer prognosis treatment outcome, summarizes relevant mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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De-coding the complex role of microbial metabolites in cancer

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 44(3), С. 115358 - 115358

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

SummaryThe human microbiome, an intricate ecosystem of trillions microbes residing across various body sites, significantly influences cancer, a leading cause morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies have illuminated the microbiome's pivotal role in cancer development, either through direct cellular interactions or by secreting bioactive compounds such as metabolites. Microbial metabolites contribute to initiation mechanisms DNA damage, epithelial barrier dysfunction, chronic inflammation. Furthermore, microbial exert dual roles on progression response therapy modulating metabolism, gene expression, signaling pathways. Understanding these complex is vital for devising new therapeutic strategies. This review highlights promising targets prevention treatment, emphasizing their impact responses underscoring need further research into metastasis resistance.

Язык: Английский

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Mendelian randomization analysis revealed a gut microbiota–mammary axis in breast cancer

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023

Observational epidemiological studies suggested an association between the gut microbiota and breast cancer, but it remains unclear whether causally influences risk of cancer. We employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate this association.We used summary statistics microbiome from a genome-wide study (GWAS) 18,340 individuals in MiBioGen study. GWAS for overall cancer hormone receptor subtype-specific analyses were obtained UK Biobank FinnGen databases, totaling 400,000 individuals. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) MR method was examine causal relationship its subtypes. Sensitivity conducted using maximum likelihood, MR-Egger, pleiotropic residual sums outliers methods.The IVW estimates indicated that increased abundance Genus_Sellimonas is associated with ER+ [odds ratio (OR) = 1.09, p 1.72E-04, false discovery rate (FDR) 0.02], whereas Genus_Adlercreutzia protective against (OR 0.88, 6.62E-04, FDR 0.04). For Her2+ Genus_Ruminococcus2 decreased 0.77, 4.91E-04, 0.04), Genus_Erysipelatoclostridium 1.25, 6.58E-04, No evidence heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy found.Our revealed microbiota-mammary axis, providing important data supporting potential use as candidate target prevention, diagnosis, treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the Role of the Gut and Intratumoral Microbiomes in Tumor Progression and Metastasis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(24), С. 17199 - 17199

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2023

Cancer cell dissemination involves invasion, migration, resistance to stressors in the circulation, extravasation, colonization, and other functions responsible for macroscopic metastases. By enhancing invasiveness, motility, intravasation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process promotes generation of circulating tumor cells their collective migration. Preclinical clinical studies have documented intensive crosstalk between gut microbiome, host organism, immune system. According findings, polymorphic microbes might play diverse roles tumorigenesis, cancer progression, therapy response. Microbial imbalances changes levels bacterial metabolites toxins promote progression via EMT angiogenesis. In contrast, a favorable microbial composition, together with microbiota-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can attenuate processes initiation, disease formation distant this review, we highlight role intratumoral microbiomes metastatic ability outline potential options microbiota modulation. As shown murine models, probiotics inhibited development, reduced volume, suppressed angiogenesis metastasis. Moreover, modulation an unfavorable microbiome improve efficacy reduce treatment-related toxicities, bringing benefit patients cancer.

Язык: Английский

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Guideline for designing microbiome studies in neoplastic diseases

GeroScience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 46(5), С. 4037 - 4057

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2024

Oncobiosis has emerged as a key contributor to the development, and modulator of treatment efficacy cancer. Hereby, we review modalities through which oncobiome can support progression tumors, emerging therapeutic opportunities they present. The highlights inherent challenges limitations faced in sampling accurately characterizing oncobiome. Additionally, underscores critical need for standardization microbial analysis techniques consistent reporting microbiome data. We provide suggested metadata set that should accompany datasets from oncological settings so studies remain comparable decipherable.

Язык: Английский

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