Pediatrics Consilium Medicum,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
4, С. 396 - 403
Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2024
Functional
constipation
(FC)
is
a
common
gastrointestinal
(GI)
disorder
in
children.
In
25
%
of
patients,
symptoms
persist
into
adulthood.
This
condition
not
only
complex
medical
problem
but
also
associated
with
financial
and
economic
distress.
Initially,
FC
was
considered
an
intestinal
motility
dysfunction
without
structural
metabolic
disorders.
Pathophysiological
mechanisms
development
include
stress,
nutritional
characteristics,
insufficient
fluid
intake,
food
allergy,
dysbiosis,
which
determines
the
need
for
long-term
therapy.
However,
37%
patients
fully
comply
recommendations
attending
physician,
indicates
low
adherence
to
treatment.
Recent
studies
prove
that
motor
disorders
are
interaction
gut
microbiota
(GM)
low-grade
inflammation.
Probiotics
seen
as
key
strategy
eliminate
dysfunction.
The
effectiveness
probiotics
based
on
their
ability
normalize
GM
composition,
well
correct
pH
colon,
improving
GI
thereby
reducing
symptoms.
researchers
agree
biological
system
plays
central
role
developing
organism,
being
fundamental
part
bidirectional
functional
axes.
main
regulating
functioning
given
between
microbial
groups,
forms
potential.
probiotic
Lacticaseibacillus
paracasei
DG
(LPDG)
has
unique
regulate
composition
colonization
through
modulation
activity.
Studies
showed
LPDG
maintain
resistance,
preventing
epithelial
permeability
syndrome
immunotropic
effect,
supporting
use
this
pathogenetically
method
treating
FC.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025
The
gut
microbiome
has
emerged
as
a
pivotal
area
of
research
due
to
its
significant
influence
on
the
immune
system
and
cognitive
functions.
Cognitive
disorders,
including
dementia
Parkinson’s
disease,
represent
substantial
global
health
challenges.
This
review
explores
relationship
between
microbiota,
modulation,
decline,
with
particular
focus
gut-brain
axis.
Research
indicates
that
bacteria
produce
metabolites,
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
which
affect
mucosal
immunity,
antigen
presentation,
responses,
thereby
influencing
A
noteworthy
correlation
been
identified
imbalances
in
impairments,
suggesting
novel
pathways
for
treatment
disorders.
Additionally,
factors
such
diet,
environment,
pharmaceuticals
play
role
shaping
composition
microbiome,
subsequently
impacting
both
health.
article
aims
clarify
complex
interactions
among
regulation,
evaluating
their
potential
therapeutic
targets.
goal
is
promote
microbiome-based
treatments
lay
groundwork
future
this
field.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025
The
human
gut
mycobiome,
a
minor
but
integral
component
of
the
microbiome,
has
emerged
as
significant
player
in
host
homeostasis
and
disease
development.
While
bacteria
have
traditionally
been
focus
microbiome
studies,
recent
evidence
suggests
that
fungal
communities
(mycobiota)
may
also
play
crucial
role
modulating
health,
particularly
neuropsychiatric
disorders.
This
review
aims
to
provide
comprehensive
overview
current
knowledge
on
relationship
between
mycobiome
disorders,
exploring
potential
targeting
novel
therapeutic
strategy.
We
summarized
findings
from
metagenomic
analyses
characterize
diversity
composition
mycobiota
discuss
how
these
interact
with
other
microorganisms
via
gut-brain
axis.
Key
methodologies
for
studying
mycobiota,
such
high-throughout
sequencing
bioinformatics
approaches,
were
reviewed
highlight
advances
field.
Emerging
research
links
dysbiosis
conditions
schizophrenia,
Alzheimer's
disease,
autism
spectrum
bipolar
disorder,
depression.
Studies
indicate
specific
populations,
Candida
Saccharomyces,
influence
neuroinflammation,
permeability
immune
responses,
thereby
affecting
mental
health
outcomes.
Understanding
mycobiome's
disorders
opens
new
avenues
interventions,
including
antifungal
treatments,
probiotics,
dietary
modifications.
Future
should
integrate
multi-omics
approaches
unravel
complex
interkingdom
interactions
within
ecosystem,
paving
way
personalized
medicine
care.
Current Issues in Molecular Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
47(1), С. 8 - 8
Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2024
Neuroinflammation
is
a
complex
and
dynamic
response
of
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
to
injury,
infection,
disease.
While
acute
neuroinflammation
plays
protective
role
by
facilitating
pathogen
clearance
tissue
repair,
chronic
dysregulated
inflammation
contributes
significantly
progression
neurodegenerative
disorders
such
as
Alzheimer's
disease,
Parkinson's
Multiple
Sclerosis.
This
review
explores
cellular
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
neuroinflammation,
focusing
on
roles
microglia,
astrocytes,
peripheral
immune
cells.
Key
signaling
pathways,
including
NF-κB,
JAK-STAT,
NLRP3
inflammasome,
are
discussed
alongside
emerging
regulators
non-coding
RNAs,
epigenetic
modifications,
gut-brain
axis.
The
therapeutic
landscape
evolving,
with
traditional
anti-inflammatory
drugs
like
NSAIDs
corticosteroids
offering
limited
efficacy
in
conditions.
Immunomodulators,
gene
RNA-based
therapeutics,
stem
cell
methods
have
all
shown
promise
for
more
specific
effective
interventions.
Additionally,
modulation
metabolic
states
gut
microbiota
has
emerged
novel
strategy
regulate
neuroinflammation.
Despite
significant
progress,
challenges
remain
translating
these
findings
into
clinically
viable
therapies.
Future
studies
should
concentrate
integrated,
interdisciplinary
reduce
slowing
disorders,
providing
opportunities
revolutionary
advances
CNS
Metabolic Brain Disease,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
40(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025
Abstract
Schizophrenia
is
one
of
the
most
severe
and
chronic
psychiatric
disorders.
Over
years,
numerous
treatment
options
have
been
introduced
for
schizophrenia.
Although
they
are
relatively
successful
in
managing
positive
symptoms
schizophrenia,
current
treatments
a
negligible
effect
on
negative
cognitive
symptoms.
Thus,
none
them
could
prevent
relapse
psychotic
episodes.
Among
hypotheses
explaining
development
progression
cytokine
hypothesis
explains
role
inflammatory
markers
as
significant
culprit
Elevated
cytokines
reported
animal
models
schizophrenic
patients.
The
based
how
increased
can
cause
changes
dopaminergic,
glutamate,
tryptophan
metabolism
pathways,
like
that
observed
Reasons,
such
autoimmune
disease,
maternal
immune
activation,
infection,
etc.,
pave
way
schizophrenia
associated
with
negative,
there
need
to
focus
significance
anti-inflammatory
drugs
against
these
new
strategies
management
provide
better
therapeutic
outcomes
terms
severity
drug-resistant
This
review
attempts
explain
association
between
elevated
various
neurotransmitters,
possible
use
medications
nonsteroidal
drugs,
monoclonal
antibodies,
statins,
estrogens
adjuvant
therapy.
basis
drug
discovery
Brain and Behavior,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(3)
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025
ABSTRACT
Background
The
gut–brain
axis
plays
a
crucial
role
in
mitigating
the
adverse
effects
of
environmental
agents
such
as
nickel
exposure.
Nickel,
recognized
heavy
metal,
poses
significant
concerns
for
public
health
because
its
impact
on
neurological
disorders
and
oxidative
stress;
consequently,
it
is
prioritized
evaluations
biological
pathways.
This
study
investigates
potential
native
probiotic
strains
to
modulate
inflammatory
autophagy
signaling
pathways,
which
are
vital
combating
stress.
Methods
Twenty
male
NMRI
mice
were
divided
into
4
groups
randomly
gavaged
with
NiCl
2
,
followed
by
administration
cocktail
that
consisted
Lactobacillus
spp.
Bifidobacterium
Brain
tissues
from
these
treated
collected
analyze
expression
autophagy‐related
genes
involved
phagophore,
autophagosome,
autolysosome
formation
using
quantitative
real‐time
polymerase
chain
reaction
(qPCR).
Results
Our
findings
demonstrated
treatment
this
significantly
increased
compared
control
group
exposed
alone.
Specifically,
there
was
notable
upregulation
associated
autophagic
processes,
indicating
effectively
activated
pathways
response
nickel‐induced
Conclusion
beneficial
our
confirmed
through
enhanced
reduced
neuroinflammation,
suggesting
their
therapeutic
impacts
exposure
brain
via
modulation
axis.
Frontiers in Sports and Active Living,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
7
Опубликована: Март 6, 2025
Background
Tryptophan
(TRP)
metabolism
through
the
kynurenine
(KYN)
pathway
is
influenced
by
inflammatory
mediators,
generating
metabolites
that
regulate
immune
and
responses.
Exercise
has
been
proposed
as
a
modulator
of
this
pathway,
but
its
role
in
health
benefits
chronic
disease
management
remains
unclear.
Objective
This
systematic
review
examines
exercise-induced
adaptations
KYN
their
potential
implications
for
management.
Additionally,
we
identify
key
methodological
considerations
future
research.
Methods
A
structured
search
PubMed/Medline,
Web
Science,
Scopus
was
conducted
up
to
October
2024
clinical
trials
investigating
effects
exercise
training
on
pathway.
Results
Of
2,795
articles
initially
found,
13
involving
592
participants
met
inclusion
criteria.
Most
studies
reported
particularly
cancer
survivors.
These
appeared
be
intensity
duration.
However,
several
limitations
were
noted,
no
included
patients
with
metabolic
or
cardiovascular
diseases.
Conclusions
Here,
show
modulates
both
healthy
diseased
populations,
highlighting
prevention
further
randomized-controlled
are
needed
clarify
mechanisms
applications,
Systematic
Review
Registration
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42022351481
,
PROSPERO
(CRD42022351481).
Biomedical Chromatography,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
39(5)
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
ABSTRACT
Honeybran‐fried
Cimicifuga
Rhizoma
(HBCR)
is
often
used
to
treat
prolonged
diarrhea
and
prolapse
of
the
anus,
uterine
prolapse,
gastric
ptosis
caused
by
spleen
qi
deficiency
inability
elevate
qi,
thus
lowering
middle
qi.
Rats
were
divided
randomly
into
four
groups.
Fecal
samples
rats
in
each
group
subjected
metabolomics
analysis.
We
identified
chemical
components
HBCR
using
liquid
chromatography–tandem
mass
spectrometry.
predicted
potential
active
key
targets
network
pharmacology
construct
a
“drug–potential
ingredient–target–disease”
network.
The
screened
differential
metabolites
analysis
combined
pathway
Pharmacodynamic
indices
showed
that
had
good
therapeutic
effect
upon
IBS‐D.
Metabolomics
revealed
26
treatment
IBS‐D
HBCR.
A
total
69
identified,
32
296
screened.
Combination
for
joint
may
be
affected
metabolism
linoleic
acid,
retinol,
arachidonic
tryptophan.
significant
effects
with
