
Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)
Опубликована: Март 28, 2025
To investigate the pollution characteristics, ecological and health risks assessment, source apportionment of potentially toxic metal(loid)s (PTMs) in urban road dust, 140 dust samples collected from eight renowned roads city Lahore, Pakistan. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) enrichment factor (EF) were used for modified risk USEPA models multivariate statistical analyses PTMs. ranges average concentrations (mgkg−1) Cd, Hg, Mo, Pb 1.91 (CR) to 3.35 (BR), 11.7 (JR) 29.3 (MuR), 452 1115 36.9 (MaR) 110 respectively, which several times higher than reference values. Cd was moderate highly polluted with highest Igeo=2.58 MuR EF = 26.9 CR. Whereas Hg Mo categorized as extremely PTMs mean Igeo values beyond uppermost level (class 5). mall high levels most among other roads. adjacent areas at extreme due pollution. employed methods proved that induced severely by industrial, exhaustive, non-exhaustive vehicular emissions dust. causing potential non-carcinogenic children HQing HI 1. No carcinogenic found both adults children. study helps create awareness about PTMs' associated concerns public.
Язык: Английский