Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2025

Abstract In recent years, biochar has emerged as a versatile product. Producing from agricultural residue is an environmentally friendly alternative to in‐situ burning, reducing the requirement for chemical fertilizers. This study presents comprehensive assessment of environmental impact production. Four feedstocks are compared – rice straw, palm shell, corn stover, and mixed crop residue. The cradle‐to‐gate system boundary comprises all stages production feedstock acquisition, transport pre‐treatment, Results show that main hotspots emissions electricity consumption during shell had highest on human health (4.889 kg PM 2.5 eq) ecosystem quality due high terrestrial aquatic acidification potential (159.600 SO 2 eq). Mixed greatest global warming (281.884 CO resource consumption. Corn stover straw moderate impacts, with contributing significantly ecotoxicity (2.2E+04 TEG water) impacting respiratory inorganics (3.545 eq), causes severe depletion resources, consuming 4339.672 MJ non‐renewable energy. These findings emphasize importance selecting low‐impact While impacts in midpoint categories like carcinogens, non‐carcinogens, ionizing radiation, toxicity, eutrophication, it lowest GWP. Rice resources. Finally, uncertainty analysis using Monte Carlo Simulation shows coefficient variation within ±10%, indicating results reliable.

Язык: Английский