Mechanistic Understanding of Leakage and Consequences and Recent Technological Advances in Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereals

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(2), С. 527 - 527

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2023

Although nitrogen (N) is the most limiting nutrient for agricultural production, its overuse associated with environmental pollution, increased concentration of greenhouse gases, and several human animal health implications. These implications are greatly affected by biochemical transformations losses N such as volatilization, leaching, runoff, denitrification. Half globally produced fertilizers used to grow three major cereals—rice, wheat, maize—and their current level recovery approximately 30–50%. The continuously increasing application fertilizers, despite lower cereals, can further intensify leftover N. To address these implications, improvement in use efficiency (NUE) adopting efficient agronomic practices modern breeding biotechnological tools developing cultivars requires immediate attention. Conventional marker-assisted selection methods be map quantitative trait loci, introgression elite germplasm leads creation better NUE. Moreover, gene-editing technology gives opportunity develop high-yielding improved utilization capacity. reliable cheap include site-specific management, enhanced resource conservation practices, precision farming, nano-fertilizers that help farmers reduce from soil–plant system, thus improving Our review illuminates insights into recent advances local scientific soil crop management technologies, along conventional technologies on how increase NUE linked pollution

Язык: Английский

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Modelling the effect of context-specific greenhouse gas and nitrogen emission mitigation options in key European dairy farming systems

Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 44(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024

Abstract Understanding the environmental consequences associated with dairy cattle production systems is crucial for implementation of targeted strategies emission reduction. However, few studies have modelled effect tailored mitigation options across key European systems. Here, we assess single and combined six practises on selected case Europe through Sustainable Integrated Management System Dairy Production model. This semi-mechanistic model accounts interacting flows from a whole-farm perspective simulating losses in response to different management site-specific conditions. The results show how reducing crude protein content purchased fraction diet was an adequate strategy reduce greenhouse gas nitrogen intensity all Furthermore, implementing anaerobic digestion plant reduced emissions tested while increasing intensity, particularly when slurry applied using broadcast. Regarding productivity increase, contrasting effects were observed amongst modelled. Moreover, shallow injection effectively mitigated fields due strong reductions ammonia volatilisation. When substituting urea ammonium nitrate as mineral fertiliser, conditions affected potential observed, discouraging its application sandy-loam soils. Rigid covers storage-related showing minor total intensity. In addition, our provide novel evidence regarding advantages cumulative adapted offset negative trade-offs single-option applications (i.e. or injection). Through this study, contribute better understanding Europe, thus facilitating adoption context-specific reduction strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Global nitrous oxide emissions from livestock manure during 1890–2020: An IPCC tier 2 inventory

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(5)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Abstract Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from livestock manure contribute significantly to the growth of atmospheric N O, a powerful greenhouse gas and dominant ozone‐depleting substance. Here, we estimate global O during 1890–2020 using tier approach 2019 Refinement 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Global increased by ~350% 451 [368–556] Gg year −1 in 1890 2042 [1677–2514] 2020. These contributed ~30% anthropogenic decade 2010–2019. Cattle most (60%) increase, followed poultry (19%), pigs (15%), sheep goats (6%). Regionally, South Asia, Africa, Latin America dominated since 1990s. Nationally, largest were found India (329 ), China (267 United States (163 Brazil (129 ) Pakistan (102 2010s. We substantial impact productivity, specifically animal body weight milk yield, on emission trends. Furthermore, large spread existed among different methodologies estimates manure, with our results 20%–25% lower than those based This study highlights need for robust time‐variant model parameterization continuous improvement factors enhance precision inventories. Additionally, urgent mitigation is required, as all available inventories indicate rapid increase recent decades.

Язык: Английский

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Revised emission factors for estimating direct nitrous oxide emissions from nitrogen inputs in Australia’s agricultural production systems: a meta-analysis

Soil Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 62(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2023

Context Agricultural soils are a major source of emissions the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Aim Quantify direct N2O from Australian agricultural production systems receiving nitrogen (N) inputs synthetic and organic fertilisers, crop residues, urine dung. Method A meta-analysis agriculture (2003–2021) identified 394 valid emission factors (EFs), including 102 EFs with enhanced efficiency fertilisers (EEFs). Key results The average EF all N sources (excluding EEFs) was 0.57%. Industry-based for fertiliser ranged 0.17% (non-irrigated pasture) to 1.77% (sugar cane), an Australia-wide 0.70%. Emission were independent topsoil carbon content, bulk density pH. revised non-irrigated cropping (grains) industry is now 0.41%; however, geographically-defined recommended. Urea most common 0.72% compared (0.20%), dung (0.06%) organo-mineral mixtures (0.26%). in rainfed environments increased by 0.16% every 100 mm over 300 mean annual rainfall. For each additional 50 kg ha−1 fertiliser, 0.13%, 0.31% 0.38% horticulture, irrigated high rainfall industries, respectively. use 3,4 dimethylpyrazole-phosphate (DMPP) produced significant reductions 55%, 80% 84% Conclusions implications Incorporation into 2020 National Greenhouse Accounts (NGA) 12% increase application fertilisers. lack country-specific residue decomposition data deficiency NGA.

Язык: Английский

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Refining the Factors Affecting N2O Emissions from Upland Soils with and without Nitrogen Fertilizer Application at a Global Scale

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Land-based climate mitigation strategies for achieving net zero emissions in India

Frontiers in Climate, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Despite advancements in electrification and the transition to solar-based electricity production, India will continue depend on land-based carbon offsets achieve its net-zero target. Land-based climate mitigation strategies can be implemented by utilizing underutilized marginal lands or increasing land availability through technological interventions close agricultural yield gaps. Both below-ground (e.g., soil carbon) above-ground standing tree biomass) options offer viable pathways for such measures. Key include cultivating perennial bioenergy feedstocks, afforestation, establishing fast-growing Miyawaki forests, restoring wetlands mangroves, applying biosolids land. However, caution is essential prevent unintended consequences, as clearing natural forests introducing microplastics into soils. The cost of sequestration resilience permanence stored critical factors determining preferred approach. Additionally, often overlap spatially, making GIS-based tools indispensable identifying optimal solutions tailored local conditions. Integrating these national budget enhance transparency contribute significantly India’s emissions goal.

Язык: Английский

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Heterogeneous responses of soil nitrous oxide emissions to nitrogen addition: A global meta-analysis

CATENA, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 254, С. 108923 - 108923

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Fertiliser nitrogen source and the use of nitrification inhibitors are tools to reduce nitrous oxide emissions and improve agronomic performance in temperate grassland

Environmental Technology & Innovation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 104232 - 104232

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Review of research and innovation on novel fertilizers for crop nutrition

npj Sustainable Agriculture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 3(1)

Опубликована: Май 10, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Effect of slurry application techniques on nitrous oxide emission from temperate grassland under varying soil and climatic conditions

Grass and Forage Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 78(3), С. 338 - 358

Опубликована: Май 20, 2023

Abstract The effect of slurry application techniques and N stabilizing strategies on nitrous oxide emission from grasslands is poorly understood and, therefore, can result in large uncertainties national/regional inventories. Field experiments were, thus, conducted to estimate the different fertilization (N 2 O) emissions. Fertilizer was applied (135–270 kg ha −1 year ) as calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN), untreated or treated cattle slurry. either with sulfuric acid (target pH = 6.0), using trailing shoes 3,4‐dimethyl pyrazole phosphate via slot injection. O fluxes were sampled closed chamber technique. Cumulative emissions ranged 0.1–2.9 across treatment, sites years. showed inconsistent effects soil mineral content, cumulative yield. fertilizer replacement value low due use efficiencies at sites. However, a close positive relationship ( r 0.5; p .013) between biomass yield observed, highlighting benefit high crop productivity. O‐N factors for all treatments, including CAN, but 2–6 times higher 2019 than 2020 lower precipitation 2020. Variations largely explained by climatic factors. Even emissions, this study highlights (significant mitigation emissions) replacing increasingly expensive chemical input under favourable conditions denitrification.

Язык: Английский

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