Nanosilica supplementation in tomato increases oviposition on stems and caterpillar mortality in the tomato pinworm

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 122(13)

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

Silicon-induced responses play a key role in plant defense against herbivory, though the underlying mechanisms remain underexplored. In this study, we examined how mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) affect tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) an invasive and highly destructive lepidopteran herbivore, pinworm (TPW), Phthorimaea absoluta . plants supplemented with MSN, prior exposure to TPW oviposition shifted subsequent egg-laying from preference for leaves even distribution between stems leaves. This shift was not observed nonsilicon-supplemented plants. Prolonged triggered pigmentation basal cells of type I glandular trichomes on silicon-supplemented Chemical analysis by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that pigmented trichome rich soluble sugars (sucrose l -arabinose) waxes, dominated saturated hydrocarbon tetracosane. Bioassays crude extract three-component sugar–wax blend replicated caterpillar response trichome, while individual components produced variable effects. While -arabinose alone effects blend, sucrose increased feeding survival, tetracosane caused highest mortality. Additionally, these treatments altered gut microbiota composition influenced frass volatiles, which attracted natural enemies, Nesidiocoris tenuis (predator) Neochrysocharis formosa (parasitoid). Our findings suggest silicon supplementation increases through oviposition-induced responses, promotes recruitment enemies.

Язык: Английский

Zoophytophagous predator sex pheromone and visual cues of opposing reflectance spectra lure predator and invasive prey

Journal of Advanced Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

In sub-Saharan Africa, the invasive South American leafminer Phthorimaea absoluta is most damaging tomato pest. Females of pest can reproduce both sexually and through parthenogenesis lay their eggs on all plant parts. The mirid predator Nesidiocoris tenuis, a biological control agent for pest, also when prey population low. To date, however, no study has developed an eco-friendly solution that targets its host in farming system. develop bio-based management system based combined use sexual communication visual cues. We collected volatiles from sexes Kenyan N. tenuis identified candidate sex pheromone components by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). used electrophysiological assays to identify antennally-active odorants volatiles, followed field trials with different pheromone-baited colored traps validate responses prey. Thereafter, we compared reflectance spectra those tissues. Our results reveal interplay between sensory cues which predator–prey interaction may favor predator. Antennae detect as 1-octanol hexyl hexanoate. Unexpectedly, our experiments led discovery lure P. females, were lured distinctly into trap whose spectrum mimicked ripe fruit (long wavelength), egg-laying site females. Contrastingly, males baited white (short wavelength) actively searching demonstrate novel assess complex trophic interactions tomatoes.

Язык: Английский

Green Lacewing Chrysoperla externa Is Attracted to Volatile Organic Compounds and Essential Oils Extracted from Eucalyptus urograndis Leaves

Plants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(16), С. 2192 - 2192

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2024

Plant herbivore interactions have long been recognized as a complex interplay influenced by various factors, including plant volatile emissions. Understanding the role of these volatiles in mediating predator is crucial for developing sustainable pest management strategies. This study investigated olfactory preferences

Язык: Английский