Frontiers in Environmental Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024
In
the
context
of
global
climate
change
and
rising
anthropogenic
loads,
outbreaks
both
endemic
invasive
pests,
pathogens,
diseases
pose
an
increasing
threat
to
health,
resilience,
productivity
natural
forests
forest
plantations
worldwide.
The
effective
management
such
threats
depends
on
opportunity
for
early-stage
action
helping
limit
damage
expand,
which
is
difficult
implement
large
territories.
Recognition
technologies
based
analysis
Earth
observation
data
are
basis
tools
monitoring
spread
degradation
processes,
supporting
pest
population
control,
management,
conservation
strategies
in
general.
this
study,
we
present
a
machine
learning-based
approach
recognizing
damaged
using
open
source
remote
sensing
images
Sentinel-2
supported
with
Google
example
bark
beetle,
Polygraphus
proximus
Blandford,
polygraph.
For
algorithm
development,
first
investigated
annotated
channels
corresponding
color
perception—red,
green,
blue—available
at
Earth.
Deep
neural
networks
were
applied
two
problem
formulations:
semantic
segmentation
detection.
As
result
conducted
experiments,
developed
model
that
quantitative
assessment
changes
target
objects
high
accuracy,
achieving
84.56%
F1-score,
determining
number
trees
estimating
areas
occupied
by
withered
stands.
obtained
masks
further
integrated
medium-resolution
achieved
81.26%
opened
operational
systems
recognize
region,
making
solution
rapid
cost-effective.
Additionally,
unique
dataset
has
been
collected
polygraph
region
study.
Earth system science data,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(8), С. 3601 - 3685
Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2024
Abstract.
Climate
change
contributes
to
the
increased
frequency
and
intensity
of
wildfires
globally,
with
significant
impacts
on
society
environment.
However,
our
understanding
global
distribution
extreme
fires
remains
skewed,
primarily
influenced
by
media
coverage
regionalised
research
efforts.
This
inaugural
State
Wildfires
report
systematically
analyses
fire
activity
worldwide,
identifying
events
from
March
2023–February
2024
season.
We
assess
causes,
predictability,
attribution
these
climate
land
use
forecast
future
risks
under
different
scenarios.
During
2023–2024
season,
3.9×106
km2
burned
slightly
below
average
previous
seasons,
but
carbon
(C)
emissions
were
16
%
above
average,
totalling
2.4
Pg
C.
Global
C
record
in
Canadian
boreal
forests
(over
9
times
average)
reduced
low
African
savannahs.
Notable
included
record-breaking
extent
Canada,
largest
recorded
wildfire
European
Union
(Greece),
drought-driven
western
Amazonia
northern
parts
South
America,
deadly
Hawaii
(100
deaths)
Chile
(131
deaths).
Over
232
000
people
evacuated
Canada
alone,
highlighting
severity
human
impact.
Our
revealed
that
multiple
drivers
needed
cause
areas
activity.
In
Greece,
a
combination
high
weather
an
abundance
dry
fuels
probability
fires,
whereas
area
anomalies
weaker
regions
lower
fuel
loads
higher
direct
suppression,
particularly
Canada.
Fire
prediction
showed
mild
anomalous
signal
1
2
months
advance,
Greece
had
shorter
predictability
horizons.
Attribution
indicated
modelled
up
40
%,
18
50
due
during
respectively.
Meanwhile,
seasons
magnitudes
has
significantly
anthropogenic
change,
2.9–3.6-fold
increase
likelihood
20.0–28.5-fold
Amazonia.
By
end
century,
similar
magnitude
2023
are
projected
occur
6.3–10.8
more
frequently
medium–high
emission
scenario
(SSP370).
represents
first
annual
effort
catalogue
events,
explain
their
occurrence,
predict
risks.
consolidating
state-of-the-art
science
delivering
key
insights
relevant
policymakers,
disaster
management
services,
firefighting
agencies,
managers,
we
aim
enhance
society's
resilience
promote
advances
preparedness,
mitigation,
adaptation.
New
datasets
presented
this
work
available
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11400539
(Jones
et
al.,
2024)
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11420742
(Kelley
2024a).
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
28(14), С. 4323 - 4341
Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2022
Natural
disturbances
exacerbated
by
novel
climate
regimes
are
increasing
worldwide,
threatening
the
ability
of
forest
ecosystems
to
mitigate
global
warming
through
carbon
sequestration
and
provide
other
key
ecosystem
services.
One
way
cope
with
unknown
disturbance
events
is
promote
ecological
resilience
both
functional
trait
structural
diversity
fostering
connectivity
landscape
ensure
a
rapid
efficient
self-reorganization
system.
We
investigated
how
expected
unexpected
variations
in
biotic
affect
storage
forested
region
southeastern
Canada.
Using
process-based
model
(LANDIS-II),
we
simulated
responses
change
insect
outbreaks
under
different
policy
scenarios-including
approach
based
on
diversification
network
analysis-and
tested
potentially
most
damaging
pests
interact
changes
composition
structure
due
changing
management.
found
that
warming,
lengthening
vegetation
season,
will
increase
productivity
storage,
but
impacts
drought
drastically
reduce
such
variables.
Generalist,
non-native
insects
feeding
hardwood
agents
for
our
region,
their
monitoring
early
detection
should
be
priority
authorities.
Higher
driven
climate-smart
management
fostered
promotes
warm-adapted
species,
might
severity.
However,
alternative
scenarios
led
higher
as
well
connectivity-and
thus
resilience-than
conventional
Our
results
demonstrate
adopting
landscape-scale
perspective
planning
interventions
strategically
space
diversify
forests
promising
enhancing
stressors.
Life,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(2), С. 533 - 533
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2023
Poplar
(Populus
spp.)
is
a
high-value
crop
for
wood
and
biomass
production
model
organism
tree
physiology
genomics.
The
early
release,
in
2006,
of
the
complete
genome
sequence
P.
trichocarpa
was
followed
by
wealth
studies
that
significantly
enriched
our
knowledge
complex
pathways
inherent
to
woody
plants,
such
as
lignin
biosynthesis
secondary
cell
wall
deposition.
Recently,
attempt
cope
with
challenges
posed
ongoing
climate
change,
fundamental
breeding
programs
poplar
have
gradually
shifted
their
focus
address
responses
abiotic
stresses,
particularly
drought.
Taking
advantage
from
set
modern
genomic
phenotyping
tools,
these
are
now
shedding
light
on
important
processes,
including
embolism
formation
(the
entry
expansion
air
bubbles
xylem)
repair,
impact
drought
stress
yield
quality,
long-term
effects
events.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
status
research
molecular
bases
poplar.
We
highlight
how
can
be
exploited
select
more
tolerant
genotypes
it
translated
other
species
improve
understanding
forest
dynamics
under
rapidly
changing
environmental
conditions.
Advances in global change research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown, С. 773 - 837
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Abstract
The
increasing
effects
of
climate
and
global
change
oblige
ecosystem-based
management
to
adapt
forestry
practices
deal
with
uncertainties.
Here
we
provide
an
overview
identify
the
challenges
facing
boreal
forest
under
projected
future
change,
including
altered
natural
disturbance
regimes,
biodiversity
loss,
increased
fragmentation,
rapid
loss
old-growth
forests,
need
develop
novel
silvicultural
approaches.
We
specifically
address
subjects
previously
lacking
from
framework,
e.g.,
Indigenous
communities,
social
concerns,
ecological
restoration,
impacts
on
aquatic
ecosystems.
conclude
by
providing
recommendations
for
ensuring
successful
long-term
biome
change.
Environmental DNA,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
5(3), С. 551 - 569
Опубликована: Март 29, 2023
Abstract
Arthropods
can
strongly
impact
ecosystems
through
pollination,
herbivory,
predation,
and
parasitism.
As
such,
characterizing
arthropod
biodiversity
is
vital
to
understanding
ecosystem
health,
functions,
services.
Emerging
environmental
DNA
(eDNA)
methods
targeting
trace
eDNA
left
behind
on
flowers
have
the
potential
track
interactions.
The
goal
of
this
study
was
determine
extent
which
metabarcoding
identify
plant‐arthropod
arthropod‐arthropod
interactions
assess
compared
conventional
sampling.
We
deployed
camera
traps
document
activity
specific
flowers,
sampled
from
those
same
then
performed
a
analysis
that
targets
partial
fragment
cytochrome
c
oxidase
subunit
I
gene
(COI)
all
present.
found
our
detected
small
pollinators,
plant
pests,
parasites,
shed
light
predator–prey
while
detecting
55
species
just
21
trapping.
trapping
survey,
however,
larger,
more
conspicuous
nectarivores
successfully.
also
explored
ecology
residual
eDNA,
finding
rainfall
had
significant
negative
effect
ability
detect
eDNA.
Preliminary
evidence
indicates
flower
may
amount
be
detected.
provide
clues
highlights
insights
gained
future
studies.
show
valuable
tool
for
not
only
pollinator
communities
but
revealing
among
plants,
predators.
Future
research
should
focus
how
improve
detection
large
pollinators/nectivores
studying
further
explore
method's
utility.
Geography and sustainability,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(3), С. 491 - 509
Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2024
Urban
and
peri‑urban
ecosystems
are
subjected
to
an
intense
impact.
The
demand
for
ecosystem
services
(ES)
is
higher
in
these
areas.
Nevertheless,
despite
the
anthropogenic
pressures,
urban
supply
important
ES.
Mapping
a
crucial
exercise
understand
ES
dynamics
environments
better.
This
work
aims
systematically
review
mapping
areas
studies,
following
Preferred
Reporting
Items
Systematic
Reviews
Meta-alpha
Methods.
A
total
of
207
studies
were
selected.
results
show
increased
between
2011
2023,
mainly
conducted
Europe
China.
Most
developed
did
not
follow
established
classification.
focused
on
dimension,
regulation
maintenance
section.
Regarding
provisioning
ES,
most
Cultivating
terrestrial
plants
nutrition,
regulating
maintaining
Atmospheric
composition
conditions,
cultural
Physical
experiential
interactions
with
natural
environment.
Quantitative
methods
mostly
applied
Indicator-based
(secondary
data:
biophysical,
socio-economic)
models.
Very
few
validated
outputs.
Several
forecasted
primarily
based
land
use
changes
using
CA-Markov
approaches.
study
provides
overview
mapped
globally,
where
more
need
be
conducted,
developed.