Frontiers in Environmental Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024
In
the
context
of
global
climate
change
and
rising
anthropogenic
loads,
outbreaks
both
endemic
invasive
pests,
pathogens,
diseases
pose
an
increasing
threat
to
health,
resilience,
productivity
natural
forests
forest
plantations
worldwide.
The
effective
management
such
threats
depends
on
opportunity
for
early-stage
action
helping
limit
damage
expand,
which
is
difficult
implement
large
territories.
Recognition
technologies
based
analysis
Earth
observation
data
are
basis
tools
monitoring
spread
degradation
processes,
supporting
pest
population
control,
management,
conservation
strategies
in
general.
this
study,
we
present
a
machine
learning-based
approach
recognizing
damaged
using
open
source
remote
sensing
images
Sentinel-2
supported
with
Google
example
bark
beetle,
Polygraphus
proximus
Blandford,
polygraph.
For
algorithm
development,
first
investigated
annotated
channels
corresponding
color
perception—red,
green,
blue—available
at
Earth.
Deep
neural
networks
were
applied
two
problem
formulations:
semantic
segmentation
detection.
As
result
conducted
experiments,
developed
model
that
quantitative
assessment
changes
target
objects
high
accuracy,
achieving
84.56%
F1-score,
determining
number
trees
estimating
areas
occupied
by
withered
stands.
obtained
masks
further
integrated
medium-resolution
achieved
81.26%
opened
operational
systems
recognize
region,
making
solution
rapid
cost-effective.
Additionally,
unique
dataset
has
been
collected
polygraph
region
study.
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
9
Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2021
Disturbances,
both
natural
and
anthropogenic,
affect
the
configuration,
composition,
function
of
forested
ecosystems.
Complex
system
behaviors
emerge
from
interactions
between
disturbance
regimes,
vegetation
response
to
those
disturbances,
their
interplay
with
multiple
drivers
(climate,
topography,
land
use,
etc.)
across
spatial
temporal
scales.
Here,
we
summarize
conceptual
advances
empirical
approaches
interaction
investigation,
used
insights
evaluate
categorize
146
landscape
modeling
studies
emerging
a
systematic
review
literature
published
since
2010.
Recent
include
formal
disaggregation
disturbances
into
constituent
components,
embedding
processes
dynamics,
clarifying
terminology
for
factors,
types,
ecosystem
responses.
Empirical
investigating
now
span
wide
range
approaches,
including
(most
recently)
advanced
statistical
methods
applied
an
expanding
set
datasets.
Concurrent
development
in
spatially-explicit
models,
informed
by
these
insights,
integrate
among
anthropogenic
coupling
account
stochasticity,
within
scales,
non-linear
responses
climate
change.
Still,
trade-offs
model
elegance
complexity
remain.
We
developed
index
degree
process
integration
(i.e.,
balance
static
vs.
dynamic
components)
given
agent
it
our
review.
Contemporary
applications
this
line
research
have
integration,
depending
on
specific
question,
but
also
limited
part
data
knowledge.
Non-linear
“threshold”
behavior
cross-scaled
remain
frontier
temperate,
boreal,
alpine
regions
North
America
Europe,
while
even
simplistic
are
lacking
other
globe
(e.g.,
subtropical
tropical
biomes).
Understanding
planning
uncertainty
behavior—including
interactions—is
paramount
at
time
accelerated
While
progress
area
is
evident,
work
remains
increase
transparency
confidence,
especially
understudied
processes.
Moving
forward,
multi-dimensional
approach
recommended
address
uncertainties
complex
human-ecological
dynamics.
Journal of Apicultural Research,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
62(1), С. 23 - 38
Опубликована: Июль 12, 2022
Insect
pollination
establishes
an
ecosystem
service
around
the
globe,
providing
compelling
budgetary
and
creative
profits
along
with
developmental
values
to
humans
vital
eco-friendly
measures
for
environment.
It
is,
therefore,
essential
understand
how
insect
pollinator
populations
communities
respond
rapidly
changing
environments
if
we
are
maintain
healthy
effective
services.
Although
pollinators
known
provide
services
more
than
80%
of
world's
flowering
plants
(including
cultivated
crops),
a
steep
decline
(∼20–40%)
in
their
population
has
created
alarming
situation
global
biodiversity.
Threats
bee
recent
years
have
increased
awareness
about
critical
role
life
on
earth,
as
predicted
persist
only
when
all
animal-pollinated
plant
species
persist.
Additionally,
usage
chemical
pesticides
may
result
collapse
which
leads
decrease
food
resource
density
also
facilitates
increasing
isolation
natural
habitats.
So,
overcome
pollinators'
decline,
joint
efforts
stakeholders
needed
increase
numbers
planet.
We
cut
down
use
synthetic
pesticides,
ban
highly
toxic
tackle
problems
related
colony
disorder
(CCD),
climate
change,
habitat
loss
much-needed
help
native
revive
this
paper
aims
focus
appreciating
rescuing
them
from
threats
leading
extinctions
turn
will
enhancing
production.
Urban Ecosystems,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
26(2), С. 587 - 604
Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2023
Abstract
Trees
contribute
greatly
to
urban
environments
and
human
well-being,
yet
relatively
little
is
known
about
the
extent
which
a
rising
incidence
of
tree
insect
pests
pathogens
may
be
affecting
these
contributions.
To
address
this
issue,
we
undertook
systematic
review
synthesis
diverse
global
empirical
evidence
on
impacts
pathogens,
using
bibliographic
databases.
Following
screening
appraisal
over
3000
articles
from
wide
range
fields,
100
studies
28
countries,
spanning
1979–2021,
were
conceptually
sorted
into
three-part
framework:
(1)
environmental
impacts,
representing
95
studies,
including
those
reporting
damage,
mortality,
reduced
growth,
changes
in
function;
(2)
social
reported
by
35
aesthetics,
health,
safety
hazards;
(3)
economic
24
costs
pest
management,
losses.
There
has
been
considerable
increase
impact
since
2011.
Evidence
gaps
exist
climate-regulating
capacity,
temperature
regulation,
water
retention,
soil
erosion,
wind
protection,
but
also
specific
hazards,
nuisances,
property
damages,
hazard
liabilities.
As
knowledge
synthesis,
article
presents
best
available
/
pathogen
guide
policy,
management
further
research.
It
will
enable
us
better
forecast
how
growing
threats
affect
forest
plan
for
eventualities.
Ecological Indicators,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
160, С. 111901 - 111901
Опубликована: Март 1, 2024
Forest
canopies
host
an
abundant
but
often
neglected
diversity
of
arthropods,
which
requires
careful
attention
in
times
ongoing
biodiversity
loss.
Yet,
how
tree
species
composition
interacts
with
canopy
structure
shaping
arthropod
communities
remains
largely
unknown.
Here,
by
combining
mobile
laser
scanning
and
insecticidal
fogging
a
machine
learning
algorithm,
we
studied
architectural
properties
affect
monospecific
mixed
stands
broadleaved
European
beech
the
coniferous
Norway
spruce
non-native
Douglas
fir
Germany.
Evaluating
abundances
ecological
guild
∼
90,000
arthropods
27
partly
novel
high-resolution
structural
variables,
identified
vegetation
volume
identity
as
weak
predictors
abundance
diversity.
In
contrast,
heterogeneity,
i.e.
complexity,
vertical
layering
variability
gaps—which
were
highest
stands—were
strong
positive
drivers.
Despite
this,
was
lower
fir.
Mixed
had
intermediate
Our
study
shows
that
habitat
heterogeneity
species-identity
are
closely
interlinked
associated
communities.
Positive
effects
on
uncoupled
from
resource
availability,
key
role
our
intra-canopy
gap
indices
suggests
they
should
be
considered
indicators
future
research
forest
heterogeneity-diversity
relationships.
Broadleaf-conifer
mixtures
may
suitable
to
mediate
negative
tree-species
when
adapting
forests
global
change.
Journal of Ecology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
112(7), С. 1501 - 1515
Опубликована: Май 4, 2024
Abstract
Natural
disturbances
are
important
drivers
of
forest
dynamics,
and
canopy
gaps
their
fingerprints
in
ecosystems.
Gaps
form
persist
because
the
interplay
tree
mortality
regeneration.
They
can
have
long‐lasting
impacts
on
ecosystems,
yet
temporal
dynamics
gap
formation
closure
remains
poorly
quantified.
We
analysed
11,331
changes
through
time
across
3999
ha
unmanaged
temperate
mountain
forests
at
Berchtesgaden
National
Park
(Germany).
assessed
using
three
repeat
lidar
acquisitions
between
2009
2021,
analysing
height
1
m
horizontal
resolution.
Our
objective
was
to
determine
dominant
mode
formation,
distinguishing
creation
new
from
expansion
existing
ones.
Additionally,
we
studied
rate
closure,
considering
regeneration
lateral
crown
expansion.
Gap
primarily
driven
by
rather
than
initiation
gaps.
accounted
for
81.3%
although
were
average
twice
as
large
expansions.
Only
1.4%
did
not
expand
over
12‐year
study
period,
Norway
spruce
had
highest
Overall,
(0.74
100
−1
year
)
higher
(0.58
our
system.
Ingrowth
regenerating
cohort
primary
with
accounting
20%
all
area
closed.
Mixed‐species
stands
<0.1
closed
faster
larger
Synthesis
.
While
openings
generally
small
European
Alps,
show
that
they
keep
growing
multiple
years,
underlining
is
an
driver
dynamics.
Canopy
created,
highlighting
resilience
natural
disturbances.
However,
projected
increase
under
climate
change,
this
might
be
challenged
future,
requiring
a
continuous
monitoring
early
warning
indicator
change.