Simple and efficient fabrication of cathode using activated polyaniline as binder for alkaline water electrolysis
Applied Surface Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 162785 - 162785
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Green Hydrogen Sustainable Solution to Combat CO2 Emissions and Mitigate Climate Change
IGI Global eBooks,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 159 - 184
Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025
The
persistent
increase
in
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
emissions
from
traditional
fossil
fuel-based
energy
production
methods
has
led
to
significant
environmental
challenges,
including
climate
change,
ocean
acidification,
and
biodiversity
loss.
This
review
examines
the
detrimental
effects
of
CO2
on
environment
human
health,
highlighting
urgent
need
for
a
transition
cleaner
sources.
It
explores
limitations
conventional
systems
ongoing
efforts
adopt
more
sustainable
practices.
In
this
context,
green
hydrogen
emerges
as
promising
alternative.
Produced
through
water
electrolysis
using
renewable
energy,
offers
clean
solution
reduce
across
various
sectors,
transportation,
industry,
energy.
Язык: Английский
The global energy transition offers new options for mitigation of coastal hypoxia: Do we know enough?
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
30(3)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2024
The
mitigation
of
climate
change
and
pollution-related
hypoxia
anoxia
is
a
growing
challenge
for
coastal
communities.
Known
ocean
conservation
measures
do
not
show
the
desired
fast
results
counteracting
deoxygenation.
new
infrastructure
related
to
production
renewable
energies
linked
green
hydrogen
can
provide
possibilities
artificial
reoxygenation
mitigate
hypoxia,
but
has
be
treated
urgently
seriously
from
different
scientific,
engineering
socio-economic
angles.
incidence
hypoxic
anoxic
conditions
in
regions
increased
10
cases
1960
over
900
2018
(Breitburg
et
al.,
2018).
This
global-scale
trend
driven
by
nutrient
pollution
and,
increasingly,
warming
circulation
changes
associated
with
Low
oxygen
triggers
several
negative
impacts
within
marine
ecosystems,
including
decreased
biodiversity,
risk
over-fishing,
alteration
biogeochemical
microbial
processes
potentially
driving
greenhouse
gas
(GHG;
N2O
CH4;
Grégoire
2023).
deoxygenation
also
major
impact.
Notably,
its
fisheries
>237
million
jobs
protein
>3
billion
people
worldwide,
value
3
trillion
(1018)
USD
per
year
(Stuchtey
For
example,
Baltic
Sea
(Europe),
Gulf
Mexico
or
Chesapeake
Bay
(USA),
losses
are
impacting
economies
on
scale
thousands
billions
(109)
dollars
(Dewar
2009).
Despite
this,
current
(e.g.
Marine
protected
areas)
ill-suited
addressing
Attempts
controlling
inputs
complicated
retention
long
time-lags,
challenging
implement
neglect
role
(STAC,
2023;
Stigebrandt
&
Andersson,
2022).
Sea,
benthic
fluxes
recycling
phosphorus
(P)
deep
basins
cause
levels
remain
high
despite
reductions
external
P-inputs
(Stigebrandt
It
was
argued
that
oxygenation
(AO)
bottom
water
could
reduce
large,
internal
source
P,
more
effective
restoring
ecosystem
than
even
full
implementation
limitations.
To
date,
downwelling
method
envisioned
Baltic,
involving
pumping
surface
content
into
low-oxygen
such
arguments,
neither
AO
nor
been
considered
remediation
environment.
A
reason
may
and/or
enhanced
mixing
carries
unknowns
risks
column's
hydrographic
structure.
requires
significant
energy.
On
other
hand,
applied
widely
freshwater
systems
(Singleton
Little,
2006)
at
small
scales
aquaculture.
These
applications
have
included
direct
introduction
gas,
which
potential
advantages
pumping,
column
However,
pure
broad
use
likely
due
cost,
limited
availability
large
quantities
required
about
change,
dramatically,
as
an
inadvertent
consequence
global
energy
transition,
will
critical
assuring
security
face
net-zero
GHG
commitments
(Dawood
2020).
Many
sources
wind,
tides
waves)
concentrated
settings.
'green'
using
key
option
growth
create
oxygen,
by-product
electrolysis
0.5
GW
electrolyser
produce
up
ca.
0.8
×
105
t(H2)
year−1
6
t(O2)
year−1.
occur
predominantly
regions,
revealing
unprecedented
regional
scales.
Given
threat
sudden
emergence
mitigation,
there
urgent
need
theoretical
experimental
research
well
policy
discussion.
Consideration
raises
interlinked
engineering,
ethical
questions
(Wallace
exploration
appears
align
directly
Articles
2
UN's
'Declaration
Ethical
Principles
Relation
Climate
Change'
(United
Nations
Educational,
Scientific
Cultural
Organization,
2017)
(see
Wallace
Additionally,
assessment
efficacy
likelihood
unintended
consequences
complex
physical–biogeochemical
interactions.
Engineering
concerning
how
safely
economically
deliver
question
who
should
pay
biodiversity
protection/restoration
might
arena
(biodiversity
credits/Environmental,
social
governance
ratings).
make
progress
AO,
pilot
experiments
relevant
science,
needed.
illustrated
recently
long-term
St.
Lawrence
case
study
There,
supply
increasing
climate-related
circulation.
Gulf-wide
loss
(>150
m)
estimated
year−1,
smaller
O2
expected
plant,
currently
proposed
construction
southwest
Newfoundland.
Significantly,
plant
location
adjacent
where
in-flowing
Atlantic-derived
waters
naturally
deeper
layers
Gulf.
We
therefore
encourage
conservation,
communities
come
together
initiate,
immediately,
broad-based
discussion
both
focused
(Figure
1).
Patricia
Handmann:
Conceptualization;
visualization;
writing
–
original
draft;
review
editing.
Douglas
Wallace:
Visualization;
authors
declare
they
no
known
competing
financial
interests
personal
relationships
appeared
influence
work
reported
this
paper.
Data
sharing
applicable
article
datasets
were
generated
analysed
during
study.
Язык: Английский
Deep inflow transport and dispersion in the Gulf of St. Lawrence revealed by a tracer release experiment
Communications Earth & Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024
Abstract
The
Gulf
of
St.
Lawrence
is
increasingly
affected
by
bottom
water
hypoxia;
however,
the
timescales
and
pathways
deep
transport
remain
unclear.
Here,
we
present
results
from
Deep
Tracer
Release
eXperiment
(TReX
Deep),
during
which
an
inert
SF
5
CF
3
tracer
was
released
inshore
Cabot
Strait
at
279
m
depth
to
investigate
inflow
mixing
rates.
Dispersion
also
assessed
via
neutrally-buoyant
Swish
floats.
Our
findings
indicate
that
moves
inland
0.5
cm
s
−1
,
with
effective
lateral
diffusivity
2
×
10
over
1
year.
Simplified
1D
simulations
suggest
should
reach
estuary
head
in
1.7
years,
bulk
arriving
after
4.7
years.
Basin-wide
vertical
around
−5
year;
increases
near
basin
slopes,
suggesting
turbulent
boundary
processes
influence
mixing.
These
are
compared
Lagrangian
a
regional
3D
model
evaluate
capacity
dispersion
Gulf.
Язык: Английский