Beyond anosmia: olfactory dysfunction as a common denominator in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2024
Olfactory
dysfunction
has
emerged
as
a
hallmark
feature
shared
among
several
neurological
conditions,
including
both
neurodevelopmental
and
neurodegenerative
disorders.
While
diseases
of
categories
have
been
extensively
studied
for
decades,
their
association
with
olfaction
only
recently
gained
attention.
deficits
often
manifest
already
during
prodromal
stages
these
diseases,
yet
it
remains
unclear
whether
common
pathophysiological
changes
along
olfactory
pathways
cause
such
impairments.
Here
we
probe
into
the
intricate
relationship
between
disorders,
shedding
light
on
commonalities
underlying
mechanisms.
We
begin
by
providing
brief
overview
circuit
its
connections
to
higher-associated
brain
areas.
Additionally,
discuss
in
focusing
potential
mechanisms
that
may
contribute
across
types
further
debate
disease
propagation
or
are
simply
an
epiphenomenon.
conclude
emphasizing
significance
function
pre-clinical
diagnostic
tool
identify
individuals
disorders
offers
opportunity
preventive
intervention
before
other
symptoms
manifest.
Язык: Английский
Shank3 deficiency alters midbrain GABAergic neuron morphology, GABAergic markers and synaptic activity in primary striatal neurons
Molecular Brain,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
17(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2024
Abstract
Abnormalities
in
gamma-aminobutyric
acid
(GABA)ergic
neurotransmission
play
a
role
the
pathogenesis
of
autism,
although
mechanisms
responsible
for
alterations
specific
brain
regions
remain
unclear.
Deficits
social
motivation
and
interactions
are
core
symptoms
likely
due
to
defects
dopaminergic
neural
pathways.
Therefore,
investigating
morphology
functional
roles
GABAergic
neurons
within
projection
areas
could
elucidate
underlying
etiology
autism.
The
aim
this
study
was
(1)
compare
arborization
glutamate
decarboxylase
(GAD)-positive
from
midbrain
tegmentum;
(2)
evaluate
synaptic
activity
primary
striatum;
(3)
assess
postsynaptic
puncta
ventral
striatum
wild-type
(WT)
Shank3
-deficient
mice.
We
found
significant
decrease
number
short
neurites
GAD
positive
tegmentum
application
blocker
GABA
A
receptors
(GABA
R)
revealed
significantly
increased
frequency
spontaneous
currents
(sPSCs)
striatal
compared
their
WT
counterparts.
mean
absolute
amplitude
events
higher
also
observed
reduction
gephyrin/GABA
R
γ2
colocalization
adult
male
gene
expression
collybistin
lower
nucleus
accumbens
while
gephyrin
were
tegmental
area
(VTA)
Shank3-
deficient
In
conclusion,
deficiency
leads
impaired
function
areas.
These
changes
may
underlie
autistic
symptoms,
potential
interventions
modulating
pathways
represent
new
treatment
modality.
Язык: Английский
Altered sex differences related to food intake, hedonic preference, and FosB/deltaFosB expression within central neural circuit involved in homeostatic and hedonic food intake regulation in Shank3B mouse model of autism spectrum disorder.
Neurochemistry International,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 105895 - 105895
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский