Impacts of climate-driven insect population change on sawtimber provisioning, carbon sequestration, and water retention: a case study of bark beetle outbreaks in the USA

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

A key issue in landscape management, whether public or private, is the mitigation of disturbance events that impact vegetation, ecosystem health, and thus services (ESs). Although many studies have found significant tree mortality due to insect infestations, there still insufficient understanding how these infestations alter ESs their associated economic values. Addressing this research gap can assist forest managers decision-makers refining implementing adaptive management practices policies, while enhancing resilience forests ESs. We investigated impacts bark beetle outbreaks on three (timber provisioning, water retention, carbon sequestration) Lake Tahoe region Northern California Nevada. Using simulation model LANDIS-II, we examined differences between a business-as-usual scenario an enhanced with respect amount aboveground biomass impacted by outbreaks. Since infestation also influenced climate, each two scenarios considered different climate scenarios: average historical (no change); warmer, wetter from Model for Interdisciplinary Research Climate (MIROC); hotter, drier Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM). Results show warmer results more than cooler resulting greater negative The estimated loss ES value approximately $0.2 $0.8 million USD per year. Enhanced capable prevent damages trees

Язык: Английский

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Navigating the Semiochemical Landscape: Attraction of Subcortical Beetle Communities to Bark Beetle Pheromones, Fungal and Host Tree Volatiles

Insects, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1), С. 57 - 57

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

Subcortical beetle communities interact with a wide range of semiochemicals released from different sources, including trees, fungi, and bark pheromones. While the attraction beetles, their insect predators, competitors to pheromones is commonly studied, these other sources remains poorly understood. We tested wood-boring beetles predators host stress volatiles, fungal mountain pine lure in field. Host volatiles were derived lodgepole trees stressed by three symbionts two common phytopathogens. Our results showed that particularly show preference for combination 2-methyl-1-butanol its lures. Without addition lures, was also identified as key volatile Cerambycidae Buprestidae families. Predators Elateridae Staphylinidae families healthy tree profiles. These findings suggest warrant further field testing potential use monitoring management subcortical populations.

Язык: Английский

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Ecology, floristic-vegetational features and future perspectives of spruce forests affected by Ips typographus: insights from the Southern Alps

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

In recent years, many spruce (Picea abies) forests have been severely affected by bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreaks in the Southern Alps, but their ecological impacts remain poorly studied. This research analyzed distribution, ecological, and floristic-vegetational characteristics of recently upper basin Oglio River (Northern Italy) developed a MaxEnt model to predict severe insect attacks coming decades. The results showed that are located exclusively sub-mountain mountain belts (below 1,600 m a.s.l.) 85% them found areas with high annual solar radiation (> 3,500 MJ m⁻²). predictive for susceptible proved highly accurate (AUC = 0.91) was primarily defined mean temperature dry winter quarter (contribution: 80.1%), values between − 2.5 2.5°C being particularly suitable pest. According model, more than 58% current study area will exhibit susceptibility (probability > 0.7) 2080. analysis plant communities 11 beetle-affected indicated thermophilic significantly different forest (in both floristic physiognomic terms) expected develop compared those pre-disturbance. Furthermore, coverage/density snags appears accelerate succession, enabling establishment mature shorter time frame.

Язык: Английский

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The future is uncertain: Wind resilient forests in a changing climate

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 581, С. 122556 - 122556

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Mapping spatiotemporal mortality patterns in Spruce mountain forests using Sentinel-2 data and environmental factors

Ecological Informatics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 103074 - 103074

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Hotter drought increases population levels and accelerates phenology of the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 585, С. 122615 - 122615

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

Язык: Английский

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How to Define Spacing Among Forest Trees to Mitigate Competition: A Technical Note

Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 296 - 296

Опубликована: Март 15, 2025

Establishing an optimum range of inter-species spacing that reduces competition among trees and mitigates the effects drought is a critical yet complex challenge in forest management. Stand density plays crucial role functioning by regulating resource allocation within individual trees. Higher stand densities have been shown to reduce sap velocities, indicating intensified for water other resources. However, determining precise minimizes while maintaining ecosystem balance remains unclear. In this study, conducted temperate Norway spruce forests at altitude 400–500 m Czech Republic, we propose novel technique define tree competitive interactions. We used xylem flow residuals ordinary least square (OLS) regression model filter out elevation diameter breast height (DBH) on field-measured 101 planted with DBH 40 ± 5 cm (≈90–100 years old). The allowed us account most important driver variability: its underlying traits. To minimize confounding temporal spatial variability, twelve consecutive daily measurements (6 a.m. 6 p.m.) taken start growing season. By constructing experimental variogram, quantified variability as function spacing. results showed steady pattern 12, 11, 10 per 314 m2 (equivalent 350 32 hectare), corresponding inter-tree 5.12 m, 5.34 5.60 respectively. These findings suggest when N number (median) unit area (A) equilibrium availability, increasing or decreasing n may not significantly change levels (A; f(A) = n). size deviation depends minimum maximum thresholds tolerance capacity be area. This technique—using variogram determine spacing—can periodically applied, such every 10–15 years, adapted different gradients (e.g., 100 intervals). It offers practical tool managers policymakers, guiding thinning planting strategies enhance resilience face water-stress conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Forest Tree Breeding Under the Global Environmental Change: Challenges and Opportunities

Trees Forests and People, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20, С. 100867 - 100867

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of Temporal Trends in Forest Health Status Using Precise Remote Sensing

Drones, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 9(5), С. 337 - 337

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2025

In recent decades, forests have experienced an increasing trend in the number of pest outbreaks worldwide, apparently driven by strong annual variability precipitation, higher air temperatures, and winds. Pest negative ecological, economic, environmental impacts on forest ecosystems, such as reduced biodiversity, carbon sequestration, overall health. Traditional monitoring methods these disturbances, while accurate, are time-consuming limited scope. Remote sensing, particularly UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)-based technologies, offers a precise cost effective alternative for This study evaluates temporal spatial progression bark beetle damage fir-dominated Zao Mountains, Japan, using RGB imagery DL (Deep Learning) models (YOLO - You Only Look Ones), over four-year period (2021–2024). Trees were classified into six health categories: Healthy, Light Damage, Medium Heavy Dead, Fallen. The results revealed significant decline healthy trees, from 67.4% 2021 to 25.6% 2024, with corresponding increase damaged dead trees. emerged potential early indicator decline. model achieved accuracy 74.9% 82.8%. showed effectiveness detecting severe but highlighted that challenges distinguishing between lightly trees still remain. highlights UAV-based remote sensing health, providing valuable insights targeted management interventions. However, further refinement classification is needed improve accuracy, detection tree categories. approach scalable solution similar ecosystems other subalpine areas Japan world.

Язык: Английский

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RNAi Technology Against Forest Pests: Opportunities, Challenges and Future Prospects

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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