Limnology and Oceanography,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
69(12), С. 3061 - 3096
Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2024
Abstract
Land
and
ocean
ecosystems
are
strongly
connected
mutually
interactive.
As
climate
changes
other
anthropogenic
stressors
intensify,
the
complex
pathways
that
link
these
systems
will
strengthen
or
weaken
in
ways
currently
beyond
reliable
prediction.
In
this
review
we
offer
a
framework
of
land–ocean
couplings
their
role
shaping
marine
coastal
temperate
rainforest
(CTR)
ecoregions,
where
high
freshwater
materials
flux
result
particularly
strong
connections.
Using
largest
contiguous
expanse
CTR
on
Earth—the
Northeast
Pacific
(NPCTR)—as
case
study,
integrate
current
understanding
spatial
temporal
scales
interacting
processes
across
continuum,
examine
how
structure
defining
features
from
nearshore
to
offshore
domains.
We
look
ahead
potential
effects
coupled
meta‐ecosystem.
Finally,
key
data
gaps
provide
research
recommendations
for
an
integrated,
transdisciplinary
approach
with
intent
guide
future
evaluations
management
ongoing
impacts
NPCTR
CTRs
globally.
light
extreme
events
including
heatwaves,
fire,
flooding,
which
occurring
almost
annually,
integrative
agenda
is
not
only
necessary
but
urgent.
Conservation Biology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
36(4)
Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2021
Management
of
the
land-sea
interface
is
essential
for
global
conservation
and
sustainability
objectives
because
coastal
regions
maintain
natural
processes
that
support
biodiversity
livelihood
billions
people.
However,
assessments
have
focused
strictly
on
either
terrestrial
or
marine
realm.
Consequently,
understanding
overall
state
Earth's
poor.
We
integrated
human
footprint
cumulative
impact
maps
in
a
assessment
anthropogenic
pressures
affecting
regions.
Of
globally,
15.5%
had
low
pressure,
mostly
Canada,
Russia,
Greenland.
Conversely,
47.9%
were
heavily
affected
by
humanity,
most
countries
(84.1%)
>50%
their
degraded.
Nearly
half
(43.3%)
protected
areas
across
exposed
to
high
pressures.
To
meet
objectives,
all
nations
must
undertake
greater
actions
preserve
restore
within
borders.costa,
huella
humana,
impacto
humano
cumulativo,
litoral,
presión
restauración,
tierras
vírgenes
Resumen
El
manejo
de
la
interfaz
entre
tierra
y
el
mar
es
esencial
para
los
objetivos
mundiales
conservación
sustentabilidad
ya
que
las
regiones
costeras
mantienen
procesos
naturales
sostienen
biodiversidad
al
sustento
miles
millones
personas.
Sin
embargo,
análisis
se
han
enfocado
estrictamente
en
ámbito
marino
o
terrestre,
pero
no
ambos.
Por
consiguiente,
conocimiento
del
estado
general
planeta
muy
pobre.
Integramos
terrestre
humana
mapas
marinos
cumulativo
un
presiones
antropogénicas
afectan
áreas
costeras.
De
todo
mundo,
tuvieron
una
antropogénica
reducida,
principalmente
Canadá,
Rusia
Groenlandia.
En
cambio,
estuvieron
fuertemente
afectas
por
humanidad,
mayoría
países
sus
litorales
encuentran
degradadas.
Casi
mitad
protegidas
tienen
grado
exposición
fuertes
humanas.
Para
cumplir
sustentabilidad,
todos
deben
emprender
mejores
acciones
preservar
restaurar
dentro
fronteras.
Ecological Indicators,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
147, С. 109934 - 109934
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023
The
key
ecological
functional
zone
plays
a
significant
role
in
maintaining
ecosystem
security,
water
conservation
function
and
environmental
protection.
However,
owing
to
rapid
industrialization
urbanization,
some
zones
have
undergone
great
changes
land
use,
which
has
changed
the
landscape
pattern
characteristics
resulted
risks,
affecting
regional
environment
security.
In
this
study,
core
source
area
of
Middle
Route
China's
South–to–North
Water
Diversion
Project
is
selected
as
case
study.
A
risk
index
(ERI)
was
constructed
evaluate
driven
by
use
transformation.
Moreover,
ERI's
spatiotemporal
were
investigated
using
combination
geographic
information
systems
geostatistical
techniques,
reveal
dominant
types
associated
with
risks
their
causes.
We
found
that
(1)
there
not
notable
shift
level
increased
slightly
from
2010
2015.
conversion
previously
unproductive
into
places
for
industrial
production
agricultural
productive
played
phenomenon.
From
2015
2020,
Danjiangkou
Reservoir
officially
started
operation.
Furthermore,
improvement
residents'
awareness
protection
natural
forest
significantly
reduced
risk.
(2)
strong
positive
autocorrelation,
exhibiting
high
east
center,
low
west
periphery.
(3)
An
obvious
corresponding
relation
exists
between
impacts
topography,
soil,
climate
on
patterns
Additionally,
strict
policies
implemented
Chinese
government
realized
remarkable
achievements
promoting
risks.
Our
study
can
provide
decision–making
basis
local
authorities
conduct
prevention
activities
ensure
sustainable
northward
flow
clean
water.
PLOS Sustainability and Transformation,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
2(5), С. e0000065 - e0000065
Опубликована: Май 17, 2023
The
2022
United
Nations
(UN)
Biodiversity
Conference
of
the
Parties
(COP)
to
UN
Convention
on
Biological
Diversity
(CBD)
recognized
for
first-time
'inland
waters'
as
a
distinct
realm
in
terms
setting
targets
and
process
monitoring
conserving
them
their
biodiversity.It
is
common
environmentalists
environmental
scholars
bemoan
things
that
they
care
about,
but
have
been
forgotten,
ignored,
or
excluded
when
it
comes
decisions,
development
policy.Often
those
concerns
focus
specific
taxonomic
group
species,
locality,
particular
decision,
regional
national
policy.However,
rarely
do
an
entire
occurs
around
globe.By
'realm'
we
are
referring
terrestrial,
freshwater,
marine
ecosystems.Equally
important,
some
key
messages
Kunming-Montreal
GBF
were
picked
up
at
Water
March
2023,
first
such
meetings
almost
50
years,
which
commits
global
water
action
agenda
restore
protect
freshwater
ecosystems
component
sustainable
development.Here,
draw
attention
CBD
included
language
recognizes
inland
waters
own
merits
(i.e.,
realm)
within
Global
Framework
(GBF)
[1]
was
submitted
by
President
COP
15,
held
Montreal,
December
18,
2022.Previously,
inherently-and
our
opinion,
mistakenly-considered
part
terrestrial
realm.Concerns
existed
about
lack
2011-2020
Aichi
Targets
[2].These
redressed
recognizing
need
move
beyond
reference
simply
'land
sea,'
place
more
biodiversity.In
particular,
now
explicitly
focused
two
text
from
Target
2
3).Target
2:
Ensure
2030
least
30
percent
areas
degraded
water,
coastal
under
effective
restoration,
order
enhance
biodiversity
ecosystem
functions
services,
ecological
integrity
connectivity.
Land,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(1), С. 231 - 231
Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2023
Land
use/land
cover
(LULC)
changes
in
response
to
natural
factors
and
human
activities
constitute
a
pressing
issue
for
the
conservation
of
Protected
Areas
urban–rural
landscapes.
The
present
study
investigated
LULC
Jajrud
Area
(JPA)
Kavdeh
Wildlife
Refuge
(KWR)
Tehran
province,
Iran,
between
1989
2019.
To
inform
ecological
measures
JPA
KWR,
were
identified
monitored
using
Landsat
imagery
from
In
addition,
landscape
risk
(ER)
was
evaluated
by
conducting
pattern
index
analysis.
Then,
importance
different
indicators
affected
ER
these
two
PAs
assessed
Delphi
method,
expert
opinions
solicited
through
questionnaire.
As
JPA,
high-density
pasture
declined
most
over
1989–2019,
38.6%
(29,241
ha)
37.7%
(28,540
ha).
contrast,
built-up
areas
increased
most,
10.4%
(7895
11.9%
(9048
Water
bodies
also
increased,
0.88%
(676
0.94%
(715
cropland
gardens
2.14%
(1647
3.4%
(2606
Built-up
0.05%
(45
0.09%
(75
0.69%
(538
0.71%
(552
Finally,
decreased
29.4%
(22,603
28.5%
(21,955
At
same
time,
high
very
classes
more
so
compared
KWR.
considering
both
changes,
method
demonstrated
that
greatest
impacts
occurred
JPA.
Various
illegal
economic
physical
have
created
caused
extensive
destruction
ecosystems,
posing
areas.
intensity
differs
because
varying
distance
metropolis,
degrees
activities,
along
with
differences
legal
restrictions
use.
Aligned
management
plans
areas,
our
research
shows
it
is
necessary
develop
land
only
within
designated
zones
minimize
amount
ER.
models
been
presented,
comparison
relating
methodology
model
effectiveness
can
help
increase
their
accuracy
power
interpretation.
