Prevalence of Mental Illness and Mental Health Care Use Among Police Officers

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 3(10), С. e2019658 - e2019658

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2020

Importance

Limited literature has characterized patterns of mental illnesses and barriers in seeking health care among police officers.

Objectives

To assess the prevalence illness (diagnosis) symptoms illness, evaluate characteristics officers interested care, characterize perceptions use.

Design, Setting, Participants

This survey study was conducted at a large department Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas. Focus group sessions were from April 1, 2019, to November 30, January 1 February 27, 2020. A total 446 sworn, employed patrol who present during recruitment briefing eligible participate surveys focus groups.

Main Outcomes Measures

Officers reported lifetime or current diagnosis depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, as well (using validated screeners suicidal ideation self-harm) use past 12 months. data collected contextualize Logistic regression analyses used for quantitative data, groups iteratively coded by 4 coders using inductive deductive thematic identification.

Results

Of invited participate, 434 (97%) completed (mean [SD] age, 37 [10] years; 354 [82%] male; 217 White [50%]). 54 (12%) diagnosis, 114 (26%) had positive screening results symptoms. these officers, 19 (17%) sought services Among with results, odds interest significantly higher self-harm than those did not (adjusted ratio, 7.66; 95% CI, 1.70-34.48). Five 18 found primary accessing services: (1) inability identify when they are experiencing (2) concerns about confidentiality, (3) belief that psychologists cannot relate their occupation, (4) stigma seek fit duty.

Conclusions Relevance

The although few treatment, help, particularly self-harm. Additional interventions appear be needed systematically refer while mitigating concerns, such fear confidentiality breach.

Язык: Английский

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Voices from the COVID‐19 frontline: Nurses’ trauma and coping

Journal of Advanced Nursing, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 77(9), С. 3853 - 3866

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2021

Abstract Aim To describe the experiences of frontline nurses who are working in critical care areas during COVID‐19 pandemic with a focus on trauma and use substances as coping mechanism. Design A qualitative study based content analysis. Methods Data were collected from mid‐June 2020 to early September via an online survey. Nurses recruited through research webpage American Association Critical Care well alumni list large, public Midwest university. Responses two open‐ended items analysed: (1) personal or professional nurse had experienced; (2) substance alcohol use, other mental health issues experienced witnessed nurses. Results For item related psychological five themes identified 70 nurses’ comments: Psychological distress multiple forms; Tsunami death; (3) Torn between masters; (4) Betrayal; (5) Resiliency/posttraumatic growth self others. Sixty‐five responded second issues. supported three themes: Mental crisis NOW!!: ‘more stressed than ever stretched thinner ever’; turning variety cope; Weakened supports for increased maladaptive due ongoing pandemic. Conclusions This brings novel findings understand patients COVID‐19, including disasters, cope weakening existing support systems. Findings also reveal need services. Impact Support well‐being should include current services offered by organization screening

Язык: Английский

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The international trauma questionnaire (ITQ) measures reliable and clinically significant treatment-related change in PTSD and complex PTSD

European journal of psychotraumatology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Background: The International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) is a validated measure that assesses ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD). An important task to determine whether the ITQ an appropriate evaluative for clinical trials.Objective: To assess psychometric properties of in context treatment if measures reliable clinically significant change over course psychosocial intervention.Method: Analyses were based on data from online skills training programme delivered 254 U.S. Veterans. Reliability validity scores assessed at baseline. Changes symptom probable diagnostic rates compared pre-, mid- post-treatment. A index (RCI) score was computed classify participants as improved, unchanged, or worsened. PCL-5 used comparison measure.Results: Baseline concurrent factorial similar previous studies. Internal consistency each assessment excellent comparable PCL-5. Decline symptoms pre-to-post-treatment CPTSD profiles. Rate (PTSD CPTSD) declined significantly pre-treatment Pre-to-post declines exceeded critical RCI values ITQ. Clinically changes observed where most some stayed same, few performance consistent with regarding sensitivity change.Conclusion: This study provides first demonstration treatment-related symptoms.

Язык: Английский

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The Heterogeneity of Mental Health Assessment

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2020

Across the landscape of mental health research and diagnosis, there is a diverse range questionnaires interviews available for use by clinicians researchers to determine patient treatment plans or investigate internal external etiologies. Although individually, these tools have each been assessed their validity reliability, little examining consistency between them in terms what symptoms they assess, how assess those symptoms. Here, we provide an analysis 126 different commonly used diagnose screen 10 disorder types including depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive (OCD), post-traumatic stress (PTSD), attention deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), autism spectrum (ASD), addiction, bipolar disorder, eating schizophrenia, as well comparator that offer all-in-one cross-disorder assessment health. We demonstrate substantial inconsistency inclusion emphasis within disorders considerable symptom overlap across disorder-specific tools. Within same similarity scores ranged from 29% maximum 58% OCD. Furthermore, when looking disorders, 60% were at least half all illustrating extensive profiles Biases toward emotional, cognitive, physical behavioral also observed, further adding heterogeneity assessments. Analysis other characteristics such time period over which assessed, whether was focus frequency, severity duration varied substantially The consequence this inconsistent heterogeneous it hinders clinical diagnosis frustrates understanding social, environmental, biological factors contribute disorders. Altogether, underscores need standardized are more agnostic span full aid underlying etiologies discovery new treatments psychiatric dysfunction.

Язык: Английский

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Experiences, impacts and mental health functioning during a COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown: Data from a diverse New York City sample of college students

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 16(4), С. e0249768 - e0249768

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2021

In March 2020, New York City (NYC) experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which resulted in a 78-day mass confinement all residents other than essential workers. The aims the current study were to (1) document breadth COVID-19 experiences and their impacts on college students minority-serving academic institution NYC; (2) explore associations between patterns psychosocial functioning during prolonged lockdown, (3) sex racial/ethnic differences COVID-19-related mental health correlates. A total 909 ethnically racially diverse completed online survey May 2020. Findings highlight significant impediments multiple areas students' daily life this period (i.e., home life, work social environment, emotional physical health) vast majority reported heightened symptoms depression generalized anxiety. These disruptions significantly related poorer health. Moreover, those who loss close friend or loved one from (17%) more psychological distress counterparts with types infection-related histories. Nonetheless, (96%) at least positive experience since pandemic began. Our findings add growing understanding contribute important perspective North American epicenter time frame investigation. We discuss how results may inform best practices support well-being serve as benchmark for future studies US student populations facing its aftermath.

Язык: Английский

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