Striving Towards Equity in Cardiovascular Genomics Research
Current Atherosclerosis Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
27(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025
Язык: Английский
Triglyceride/high density lipoprotein cholesterol index and future cardiovascular events in diabetic patients without known cardiovascular disease
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Март 17, 2025
The
triglyceride/high-density
lipoprotein
cholesterol
(TG/HDL-C)
index,
calculated
as
TG
divided
by
HDL-C,
has
been
suggested
a
predictor
of
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD).
We
investigated
the
association
between
TG/HDL-C
index
and
CVD
events
in
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM)
patients
with
retinopathy
hyperlipidemia
but
no
known
CVD,
enrolled
EMPATHY
study,
which
compared
intensive
standard
statin
therapy
(targeting
LDL-C
levels
<
70
mg/dL
≥
100
to
120
mg/dL,
respectively).
A
total
4665
were
into
high
(TG/HDL-C
2.5,
n
=
2013)
low
2652)
groups.
During
median
follow-up
36.8
months,
260
occurred.
group
had
higher
risk
than
(HR
1.89,
95%
CI
1.45–2.47,
p
0.001).
This
remained
consistent
across
subgroups.
trend
toward
interaction
treatment
allocation
for
was
observed
(p
0.062).
Intensive
reduced
not
group.
In
conclusion,
2.5
associated
T2DM
without
history
CVD.
may
identify
who
benefit
from
treatment.
Язык: Английский
Beyond Cholesterol: Emerging Risk Factors in Atherosclerosis
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(7), С. 2352 - 2352
Опубликована: Март 29, 2025
Atherosclerosis
remains
a
leading
cause
of
cardiovascular
morbidity
and
mortality
worldwide,
traditionally
linked
to
elevated
cholesterol
levels,
particularly
low-density
lipoprotein
(LDL-C).
However,
despite
aggressive
lipid-lowering
strategies,
residual
risk
persists,
underscoring
the
need
explore
additional
contributing
factors.
This
review
examines
emerging
factors
beyond
cholesterol,
including
chronic
inflammation,
gut
microbiota
composition,
oxidative
stress,
environmental
exposures.
Inflammation
plays
pivotal
role
in
atherogenesis,
with
markers
such
as
C-reactive
protein
(CRP),
interleukin-6
(IL-6),
tumor
necrosis
factor-alpha
(TNF-α)
serving
indicators
disease
activity.
The
microbiome,
metabolites
like
trimethylamine
N-oxide
(TMAO),
has
been
implicated
vascular
inflammation
plaque
development,
while
beneficial
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs)
demonstrate
protective
effects.
Oxidative
stress
further
exacerbates
endothelial
dysfunction
instability,
driven
by
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
lipid
peroxidation.
Additionally,
factors,
air
pollution,
heavy
metal
exposure,
endocrine
disruptors,
psychological
have
emerged
significant
contributors
disease.
Understanding
these
novel
offers
broader
perspective
on
atherosclerosis
pathogenesis
provides
new
avenues
for
targeted
prevention
therapeutic
interventions.
Язык: Английский
Lipoprotein cholesterol ratios and cardiovascular disease risk in US adults: a cross-sectional study
Frontiers in Nutrition,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025
The
ratio
of
non-high-density
lipoprotein
cholesterol
to
high-density
(NHHR)
has
been
introduced
as
a
novel
indicator
evaluate
lipid
metabolism.
study
explored
the
association
between
NHHR
and
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD).
A
cross-sectional
was
achieved
by
utilizing
data
obtained
from
NHANES
(2003-2016).
CVD
assessed
multivariate
logistic
regression
analysis
(LRA)
restricted
cubic
spline
(RCS)
analysis.
Also,
interaction
tests
subgroup
analyses
were
employed
explore
whether
associations
differ
subgroups.
Then,
threshold
conducted
for
interval
delineation
detection
effects
with
two-segment
piecewise
LR
model.
cohort
11,471
individuals
involved.
results
indicated
that
linear
relationship
not
significant
(P
trend
>0.05).
RCS
revealed
non-linear
J-shaped
risk.
model
established
assess
effect
NHHR.
log-likelihood
test
<
0.001)
suggested
exhibited
better
performances
compared
single-line
Additionally,
tangent
point
occurred
at
2.82,
likelihood
increased
21%
one
unit
(OR
=
1.21,
95%
CI
1.10-1.34).
detected
prevalence
CVD,
suggesting
could
serve
assessment
marker
identifying
high-risk
populations.
However,
further
studies
are
needed
confirm
this
finding.
Язык: Английский
Cardiovascular disease risk factors are associated with conventional lipids and apolipoproteins in South African adults of African ancestry
Lipids in Health and Disease,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Май 15, 2025
Although
conventional
lipids
(high
density
lipoprotein
cholesterol
(HDLC),
low
(LDLC),
total
(TC)
and
triglycerides
(TG))
are
therapeutic
targets
to
manage
prevent
atherosclerotic
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD),
apolipoprotein
(Apo)
levels
have
sparked
interest
for
their
potential
improve
CVD
risk
prediction.
This
study
explored
the
relationships
of
traditional
factors
with
lipids,
as
well
ApoA1,
ApoB
its
ratio
(ApoB:
ApoA1)
in
South
African
adults
ancestry.
included
1697
(aged
29
94)
from
Prospective
Urban
Rural
Epidemiology
(PURE)
study.
The
markers
body
mass
index
(BMI),
physical
activity
index,
tobacco
use,
dietary
fat
intake,
γ-glutamyl
transferase
(γGT)
glycated
haemoglobin
(HbA1C).
Conventional
were
measured
serum
samples
using
standard
methodology,
while
ApoA1
a
multiplex
magnetic
bead
immunoassay.
Stratified
into
tertiles
lipid
Apo
levels,
trends
emerged
across
multiple
markers,
including
BMI,
γGT
HbA1C
levels.
Higher
LDLC,
TC,
TG,
ApoB:
along
lowest
HDLC
exhibited
higher
prevalence
Type
II
diabetes
mellitus
(all
p
≤
0.024)
overweight
or
obesity
except
0.024).
was
negatively
associated
TG
positively
BMI
<
0.001)
0.005).
Similarly,
(β=-0.067
(-0.125;
-0.010),
=
0.022)
(β=-0.071
(-0.122;
-0.020),
0.007),
(β
0.168
(0.117;
0.218),
0.001).
showed
positive
associations
0.213
(0.163;
0.263),
0.123
(0.074;
0.172),
In
ancestry,
various
established
suggests
that
these
apolipoproteins
may
provide
additional
mechanistic
insights
beyond
understand
aetiology
early
cardiometabolic
development.
Язык: Английский
Effect of inclisiran on lipid and mechanical vascular profiles in familial hypercholesterolemia subjects: results from a single lipid center real-world experience
Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Lipoprotein (a) levels and clinical decision-making: data from a Mexican cohort at a tertiary medical institution
Lipids in Health and Disease,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Май 26, 2025
Approximately
20%
of
the
global
population
has
a
Lp(a)
concentrations
above
50
mg/dL
(>
125nmol/L),
yet
many
remain
unaware
associated
cardiovascular
risks.
In
Mexico,
routine
measurement
is
uncommon.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
frequency
testing,
and
clinical
actions
taken
by
physicians
upon
detecting
elevated
in
patients
at
tertiary
medical
institution.
Using
an
algorithm-based
screening
system,
we
reviewed
biochemical
data
with
measurements
from
2019
2024.
Data
were
retrieved
laboratory
information
system
electronic
health
records.
Complementary
assessment
obtained
radiology
cardiology
departments.
Of
150,083
individuals
evaluated
institution,
only
830
(0.5%)
underwent
testing
rates
increasing
0.037%
0.24%
2023.
Elevated
mg/dL)
found
21%
patients,
2.2%
had
>
180
mg/dL.
Patients
significantly
higher
atherosclerotic
disease
(ASCVD)
(p
<
0.001)
familial
hypercholesterolemia
0.004)
than
those
lower
levels.
Interestingly,
diabetes
prevalence
was
4
(51.5%
vs.
33.4%,
p
0.001).
Despite
risk,
26%
levels
received
interventions
modify
risk
factors.
infrequent
setting.
Clinical
factors
insufficient
among
Lp(a).
These
findings
highlight
need
for
greater
awareness
healthcare
providers
development
comprehensive
management
algorithms
mitigate
-related
risk.
Язык: Английский
Association of sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a case-control study
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
25(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2025
Low-density
lipoprotein
cholesterol
(LDL-C)
and
small
dense
low-density
(sdLDL-C)
are
key
drivers
of
atherosclerotic
cardiovascular
disease
(ASCVD)
risk.
This
study
aims
to
investigate
the
correlation
between
sdLDL-C/LDL-C
ratio
ASCVD
provide
new
ideas
for
accurate
prediction
identifying
high-risk
groups.
The
data
were
derived
from
patients
who
visited
Affiliated
Hospital
Inner
Mongolia
Medical
University
January
2019
July
2023.
relationship
odds
was
analyzed
using
univariate
multivariate
logistic
regression
analysis.
Subgroup
analysis
investigates
potential
effects
age,
sex,
hypertension
heterogeneity,
ASCVD.
included
8924
subjects
with
an
average
age
(59
±
11)
years.
Multivariate
revealed
that
compared
lowest
quartile
ratio,
increased
by
1.39,
3.48,
9.34
times
in
groups
2,
3,
4,
respectively
(OR
values:
2.39
[95%
CI
1.91-2.99],
4.48[95%
3.59-5.60],
10.34
8.08-13.22];
P
<
0.001).
increasing
trend
also
observed
stratified
analyses
sex.
An
elevated
is
associated
ratio's
predictive
ability
occurrence
surpasses
sdLDL-C
alone.
Язык: Английский
The Polygenic Score - Rare Variant Causal Pivot: A Conditional Approach to Discovery in Complex Disease Genetics
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2024
Abstract
We
present
the
Causal
Pivot
(CP)
as
a
structural
causal
model
(SCM)
for
analyzing
genetic
heterogeneity
in
complex
diseases.
The
CP
leverages
one
established
factor
to
detect
contribution
of
second
suspected
cause.
Specifically,
polygenic
risk
scores
(PRS)
serve
known
causes,
while
rare
variants
(RV)
or
RV
ensembles
are
evaluated
candidate
causes.
incorporates
outcome-induced
association
by
conditioning
on
disease
status.
derive
conditional
maximum
likelihood
procedure
binary
and
quantitative
traits
develop
Likelihood
Ratio
Test
(CP-LRT)
signals.
Through
simulations,
we
demonstrate
CP-LRT’s
robust
power
superior
error
control
compared
alternatives.
apply
CP-LRT
UK
Biobank
(UKB)
data,
three
exemplar
diseases:
hypercholesterolemia
(HC,
LDL-c
≥
4.9
mmol/L;
n
c
=24,656),
breast
cancer
(BC,
ICD10
C50;
=12,479),
Parkinson’s
(PD,
G20;
=2,940).
For
PRS,
utilize
UKB-derived
values,
RVs,
analyze
ClinVar
pathogenic/likely
pathogenic
loss-of-function
mutations
disease-relevant
genes:
LDLR
HC,
BRCA1
BC,
GBA
PD.
Significant
signals
were
detected
all
Cross-disease
synonymous
variant
analyses
controls.
further
ancestry
adjustment
using
matching
inverse
probability
weighting,
extend
examine
oligogenic
burden
lysosomal
storage
pathway
reveals
an
approach
address
is
extensible
method
inference
discovery
genetics.
Язык: Английский