NLRP3 inflammasome in Alzheimer’s disease: molecular mechanisms and emerging therapies

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory impairment, and neuroinflammation, with no definitive cure currently available. The NLRP3 inflammasome, key mediator of has emerged as critical player in AD pathogenesis, contributing to the accumulation β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuronal damage. This review explores mechanisms which inflammasome activated AD, including its interactions Aβ, tau, reactive oxygen species (ROS), pyroptosis. Additionally, it highlights role ubiquitin system, ion channels, autophagy, gut microbiota regulating activation. Therapeutic strategies targeting such IL-1β inhibitors, natural compounds, novel small molecules, are discussed promising approaches mitigate neuroinflammation slow progression. underscores potential inhibition therapeutic avenue for AD.

Язык: Английский

Anti-Inflammatory Actions of Plant-Derived Compounds and Prevention of Chronic Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Applications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(11), С. 5206 - 5206

Опубликована: Май 28, 2025

Chronic inflammation is a key contributor to the development and progression of numerous chronic diseases, including cardiovascular type 2 diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, obesity. As side effects conventional anti-inflammatory drugs pose challenges, plant-derived compounds have emerged as promising alternatives due their potent properties minimal adverse effects. This review explores molecular mechanisms by which these alleviate highlights potential role in disease prevention. Polyphenols (e.g., quercetin resveratrol), flavonoids luteolin apigenin), carotenoids β-carotene lycopene), other phytochemicals curcumin gingerol) modulate inflammatory pathways, such nuclear factor-κB mitogen-activated protein kinase, reduce oxidative stress, inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines. Plant-derived interact with gut microbiota, enhancing Evidence from animal studies clinical trials has demonstrated efficacy reducing inflammation-related biomarkers improving health outcomes. However, challenges low bioavailability determination optimal dosage require further investigation. Advancing delivery technologies personalized nutrition strategies may help overcome barriers. emphasizes therapeutic preventing diseases underscores need for continued research translate findings into practical applications public health.

Язык: Английский