Vaccination in liver diseases and liver transplantation: Recommendations, implications and opportunities in the post-COVID era

JHEP Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(8), С. 100776 - 100776

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

The interest in vaccination efficacy and toxicity has surged following the COVID-19 pandemic. Immune responses to several vaccines have been shown be suboptimal patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) transplant (LT) recipients, as a consequence of cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction or post-LT immunosuppression, respectively. Accordingly, vaccine-preventable infections may more common severe those than general population. pandemic greatly accelerated research development into technology platforms, which will spillover benefits for disease. aims this review are: (i) discuss impact on CLD LT (ii) appraise current evidence supporting strategies, (iii) provide some insight recent developments relevant

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Liver Disease: A Review of Pathogenesis and Outcomes

Gut and Liver, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(1), С. 12 - 23

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2022

The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been immense, and it continues to have lasting repercussions.While severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus primarily infects system, other organ systems are affected, including liver.Scientific knowledge on role SARS-CoV-2 infection liver injury evolved rapidly, with recent data suggesting specific hepatotropism SARS-CoV-2.Moreover, additional concerns raised in regard long-term damage, related emerging cases post-COVID-19 cholangiopathy chronic cholestasis.Great effort also focused studying how subpopulations medical conditions might be disproportionately impacted by COVID-19.One such population includes individuals (CLD) cirrhosis, an expanding body research indicating these patients being particularly susceptible adverse outcomes.In this review, we provide updated summary current pathogenesis mechanism setting infection, association between health outcomes CLD, unique consequences COVID-19 routine care CLD.(Gut Liver

Язык: Английский

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Omicron infections profile and vaccination status among 1881 liver transplant recipients: a multi-centre retrospective cohort

Emerging Microbes & Infections, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(1), С. 2636 - 2644

Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2022

A wave of Omicron infections rapidly emerged in China 2022, but large-scale data concerning the safety profile vaccines and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection features liver transplant (LT) recipients have not been collected. Therefore, aim this study was to assess protectiveness inactivated LT patients against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant infections. multi-centre retrospective conducted a cohort with history transplantation. total 1881 participants (487 vaccinated 1394 unvaccinated patients) were enrolled from seven centres China. Fourteen infected by Omicron, 50% had over 14 days viral shedding duration. The protection rate COVID-19 vaccinations 2.59%. three breakthrough occurred more than 6 months after fully vaccinated. 96 (19.7%) adverse events, including fatigue, myalgia, dysfunction, swelling, scleroma. There Grade 3 events preoperative vaccination group those postoperative group. Inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 are safe post-liver efficacy decreases vaccination, it is recommended that get boosted as early possible even when they Although clinical manifestations mild patients, might higher risk dysfunction during

Язык: Английский

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Immunogenicity of a third dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in people living with HIV-1, HBV, and tuberculosis during the Omicron variant epidemic: A cross-sectional study

Journal of Infection, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 85(4), С. e109 - e111

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Antibody Response and Safety of ChAdOx1-nCOV (Covishield) in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Cross-Sectional, Observational Study

Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 68(2), С. 676 - 684

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Safety and Immunogenicity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Booster Dose in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(6), С. 2281 - 2281

Опубликована: Март 15, 2023

The low response to vaccines is a well-known problem in cirrhosis. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of booster doses patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), comparing humoral cirrhotic vs. non-cirrhotic patients, impact different factors on immune response. From September 2021 April 2022, outpatients CLD who completed primary vaccination course dose against SARS-CoV-2 were enrolled. Blood samples collected after second third for detecting anti-spike protein IgG. enrolled 340 patients; among them, 91 subjects cirrhotic. After course, 60 (17.6%) did not develop positive antibody titer, without significant differences between (p = 0.076); most them (88.3%) developed it dose. At multivariable analysis, associated higher only porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder 0.007) as an etiology use mRNA-1273 vaccine 0.001). In conclusion, CLD, induces excellent leads adequate Cirrhosis worse response, compared CLD.

Язык: Английский

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Efficacy, Safety and Immunogenicity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Narrative Review

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. 452 - 452

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing disease 2019 (COVID-19), has led to a pandemic with more than 6.5 million deaths worldwide. Patients liver cirrhosis (PWLC) are regarded as prone severe COVID-19. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 been proven be the most effective measure COVID-19 and variety of different vaccines have approved for use; namely mRNA vector-based, inactivated, whole virion, protein subunit vaccines. Unfortunately, only small number PWLC were included in phase I–III vaccine trials, raising concerns regarding their efficacy safety this population. The authors, review, present available data anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination discuss post-vaccination antibody responses. Overall, all seem extremely safe, few insignificant adverse events, efficient, leading lower rates hospitalization COVID-19-related mortality. T- B-cell responses, on other hand, remain an enigma, especially patients decompensated disease, since these show titers antibodies some studies, rapid waning. However, finding is not consistent, its clinical impact still undetermined.

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 and chronic hepatitis B: Focusing on the possible consequences of co-infection

Journal of Clinical Virology Plus, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 3(4), С. 100167 - 100167

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2023

The pandemic of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a world public health challenge. A new member Coronaviridae family, named severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), been identified as the causative COVID-19. Although SARS-CoV-2 infection direct impact on function, extra-respiratory complications such liver damage have reported in some cases. However, exact mechanisms injury remain largely unexplored. It also suggested that patients with pre-existing are significantly influenced by Considering double burden chronic diseases and systems, investigating interrelationship between COVID-19 underlying providing clear recommendations treatment very much needed. Viral hepatitis is recognized one substantial risk factors for diseases. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) main cause failure, cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Since both HBV affect physiology, possible interactions effects SARS-CoV-2/HBV co-infection increasingly important. This review highlighted molecular clinical consequences co-infection.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccination and liver disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(48), С. 6791 - 6810

Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2022

Various vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have been developed in response to the disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic, several of which are highly effective preventing COVID-19 general population. Patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs), particularly those cirrhosis, considered be at a high risk for and death. Given increased rates severity mortality patients disease, there is an urgent need understand efficacy vaccination this However, data regarding safety CLDs limited. Indeed, organ-specific or systemic immune-mediated side effects following vaccination, including injury similar autoimmune hepatitis, recently reported. Although number cases vaccine-related increasing, its frequency, clinical course, mechanism remain unclear. Here, we review current findings on focusing on: (1) The impact CLD; (2) efficacy, safety, risk-benefit profiles (3) Liver vaccination.

Язык: Английский

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Serological response and breakthrough infection after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cirrhosis and post-liver transplant

Hepatology Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7(11)

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2023

Background: Vaccine hesitancy and lack of access remain major issues in disseminating COVID-19 vaccination to liver patients globally. Factors predicting poor response risk breakthrough infection are important data target booster vaccine programs. The primary aim the current study was measure humoral responses 2 doses vaccine. Secondary aims included determination factors infection. Methods: Biomarkers cirrhosis And post-Liver Transplantation is a prospective, multicenter, observational case-control study. Participants were recruited at 4–10 weeks following first second [n = 325; 94% messenger RNA (mRNA) 6% viral vaccine], autoimmune disease (AILD) (n 120; 77% mRNA 23% vaccine), post-liver transplant (LT) 146; 96% 3% healthy controls 51; 72% mRNA, 24% 4% heterologous combination). Serological end points measured, regarding SARS-CoV-2 collected. Results: After adjusting by age, sex, time sample collection, anti-Spike IgG levels lowest post-LT compared ( p < 0.0001), AILD control 0.002). reduced older Child-Turcotte-Pugh B/C, elevated IL-6 cirrhosis; non-mRNA AILD; coronary artery disease, use mycophenolate dysregulated B-call activating factor, lymphotoxin-α LT. Incident occurred 6.6%, 10.6%, 7.4%, 15.6% cirrhosis, AILD, post-LT, control, respectively. only independent factor low albumin level. Conclusions: LT present In associated with stage systemic inflammation,

Язык: Английский

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