The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) Paradigm: Bridging the gap in depression research from bench to bedside

Brain Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1843, С. 149123 - 149123

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Combining Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Neurofilament Light Chain for the Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder

Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 96(4), С. 1693 - 1699

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent brain affecting more than 2% of the world's population. Due to lack well-specific biomarkers, it difficult distinguish MDD from other diseases with similar clinical symptoms (such as Alzheimer's disease and cerebral thrombosis). In this work, we provided strategy address issue by constructing combinatorial biomarker serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) neurofilament light chain (NFL). To achieve convenient sensitive detection two proteins, developed an electrochemical immunosandwich sensor using metal-ion-doped carbon dots (Pb-CDs Cu-CDs) probes for signal output. Each probe contains approximately 300 Pb2+ or 200 Cu2+, providing excellent amplification. This method achieved limits 0.3 pg mL–1 GFAP 0.2 NFL, lower most reported limits. Analysis real samples showed that concentration ratio which associated relative degree inflammation neurodegeneration, suitable not only distinguishing healthy individuals but also specifically thrombosis. The good specificity gives GFAP/NFL broad application prospects in screening, diagnosis, treatment MDD.

Язык: Английский

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Early Life Stress and Major Depressive Disorder—An Update on Molecular Mechanisms and Synaptic Impairments

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 61(9), С. 6469 - 6483

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial Metabolism in Major Depressive Disorder: From Early Diagnosis to Emerging Treatment Options

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6), С. 1727 - 1727

Опубликована: Март 17, 2024

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling diseases in world. MDD traditionally diagnosed based on a patient’s symptoms, which can lead to misdiagnosis. Although pathogenic mechanisms are unknown, several studies have identified mitochondrial dysfunction as central factor onset and progression MDD. In context MDD, alterations metabolism imbalances energy production oxidative stress, contributing disorder´s underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Consequently, identification key biomarker for early accurate diagnosis represents significant challenge. Faced with limits traditional treatments antidepressants, new pharmacological therapeutic targets being investigated such ketamine/esketamine, psychedelics, or anti-inflammatories. All these drugs show potential antidepressant effects due their speed action ability modulate neuroplasticity and/or motor processing. parallel, non-pharmacological studied, like Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Deep Brain (DBS), recognized neuronal activity offer treatment alternatives. As cellular directly related respiration, aim this review examining link between assessing how biomarkers could provide more objective precise diagnostic tool, exploring other addition specific focus emerging targets. Finally, detailed analysis strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats approaches was carried out, highlighting challenges that must be addressed.

Язык: Английский

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Major Depressive Disorder: Existing Hypotheses about Pathophysiological Mechanisms and New Genetic Findings

Genes, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(4), С. 646 - 646

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2022

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental generally characterized by symptoms associated with mood, pleasure and effectiveness in daily life activities. MDD ranked as major contributor to worldwide disability. The complex pathogenesis of not yet understood, this cause failure develop new therapies recurrence. Here we summarize the literature on existing hypotheses about pathophysiological mechanisms MDD. We describe different approaches undertaken understand molecular mechanism using genetic data. Hundreds loci have now been identified large genome-wide association studies (GWAS). these how they provided information biological processes, cell types, tissues druggable targets that are enriched for risk genes. detail our understanding correlations causal relationships between many psychiatric non-psychiatric disorders traits. highlight challenges studies, including complexity genetics diverse populations need study rare variants gene-environment interactions.

Язык: Английский

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Ketamine as a therapeutic agent in major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: Potential medicinal and deleterious effects

Ibrain, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1), С. 90 - 101

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2023

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and posttraumatic stress (PTSD) are the most common causes of emotional distress that impair an individual's quality life. MDD is a chronic mental illness affects 300 million people across world. Clinical manifestations include fatigue, loss interest in routine tasks, psychomotor agitation, impaired ability to focus, suicidal ideation, hypersomnolence, altered psychosocial functioning, appetite loss. Individuals with depression also demonstrate reduced behavioral response while experiencing pleasure, symptom known as anhedonia. Like MDD, PTSD prevalent debilitating psychiatric resulting from traumatic incident such sexual assault, war, severe accident, or natural disaster. Symptoms recalling event phases, hypervigilance, irritability, anhedonia PTSD. Both pose enormous socioeconomic burdens globe. The search for effective treatment minimal side effects still ongoing. Ketamine its anesthetic analgesic properties. Psychedelic psychotropic ketamine have been found on nervous system, which highlights toxicity. In this article, effectiveness potential therapeutic along mechanisms action, clinical trials, possible discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence and associated factors of binge eating disorder among Bahraini youth and young adults: a cross-sectional study in a self-selected convenience sample

Journal of Eating Disorders, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2023

Binge eating disorder (BED) is defined as recurrent ingestion of an unusually large amount food in a discrete period time. BED has the highest prevalence all disorders. Studies have shown strong relationship between and both physical psychological factors such obesity, depression anxiety. This research aimed to report associated among Bahrainis (aged 15-30 years).A total 959 participants years) completed self-administered online questionnaires. was measured using binge Screener-7. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 General Anxiety Disorder-7 were used measure anxiety, respectively.Out participants, 21.2% had symptoms. A higher BMI, restricted diet, anxiety with more frequent Out factors, strongest association eating, (rp = 0.371, p < 0.0001). However, sociodemographic variables including age other medical conditions not significantly symptoms.In conclusion, symptoms high study participants. results point out crucial role awareness interaction potential risk for tendencies. Further should examine their BED.Binge characterized by consumption short time loss control over stopping accompanied emotional stress during episode. identified multiple that may contribute lifestyle, well-being individual, stress, genetics, family history, sex. current examined adolescents young adults aged 15–30 years estimate Kingdom Bahrain. Furthermore, tested investigate whether they disorder. revealed approximately one-fifth body mass index, We hope this will be reliable use epidemiological studies further research.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring adverse events of Vilazodone: evidence from the FAERS database

BMC Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Май 16, 2024

Abstract Objective This study aims to conduct an exhaustive evaluation of Vilazodone's safety in clinical application and unearth the potential adverse event (AE) risks associated with its utilization based on FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. Methods research employed data spanning from first quarter 2011 third 2023 FAERS Various signal detection methodologies, including Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), Empirical Geometric Mean (EBGM), were utilized ascertain correlation between Vilazodone specific AEs. Results The compiled a total 17,439,268 reports drug AEs, out which 5,375 related Vilazodone. Through mining, 125 Preferred Terms (PTs) encompassing 27 Organ Classes (SOCs) identified. findings indicated higher prevalence among females patients within 45 65 age bracket. principal categories AEs included Psychiatric disorders, Nervous system Gastrointestinal prevalent incidents Diarrhoea, Nausea, Insomnia. Moreover, identified robust signals novel notably areas such as sleep disturbances (Sleep paralysis, Hypnagogic hallucination, Rapid eye movements abnormal, Sleep terror, Terminal insomnia, Tachyphrenia), sexual dysfunctions (Female orgasmic disorder, Orgasm Disturbance arousal, Spontaneous penile erection, Anorgasmia, Sexual dysfunction, Ejaculation delayed), other symptoms injuries (Electric shock sensation, Violence-related symptom, Gun shot wound). Conclusion Although presents positive prospect management MDD, discovery linked use, particularly newly dysfunctions, necessitates heightened vigilance clinicians.

Язык: Английский

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Advancements Exploring Major Depressive Disorder: Insights on Oxidative Stress, Serotonin Metabolism, BDNF, HPA Axis Dysfunction, and Pharmacotherapy Advances

International Journal of Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(1), С. 176 - 196

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

Major depressive disorder (MDD), a prevalent mental illness, is marked by complex mixture of biological factors. This review focuses on the roles oxidative stress, tryptophan-serotonin metabolism, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in MDD’s pathophysiology. Oxidative defined as an imbalance between pro-oxidants antioxidants, closely linked to neurobiological changes. The tryptophan (TRP)-/serotonin (5-HT) metabolic pathway also known be crucial mood regulation, with its dysregulation being central aspect MDD. Additionally, BDNF, key for neuronal growth plasticity, often shows alterations MDD patients, supporting role disorder’s progression. Furthermore, HPA axis, which manages stress response, frequently disrupted MDD, further contributing pathology. In addition exploring these mechanisms, this explores pharmacotherapy including new advances. These advancements treatment strategies are managing effectively. Understanding mechanisms latest pharmacological interventions essential developing more effective treatments

Язык: Английский

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Omega-3 fatty acids and major depression: a Mendelian randomization study

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Май 29, 2024

Abstract Omega-3 fatty acids have been implicated in the aetiology of depressive disorders, though trials supplementing omega-3 to prevent major disorder (MDD) so far unsuccessful. Whether this association is causal remains unclear. We used two sample Mendelian randomization (MR) investigate causality. Genetic variants associated with circulating and omega-6 UK Biobank (UKBB, n = 115,078) were selected as exposures. The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) genome-wide studies (GWAS) MDD ( 430,775; cases 116,209; controls 314,566) recurrent depression (rMDD, 80,933; 17,451; 62,482), outcomes. Multivariable MR (MVMR) models account for biologically correlated lipids, such high- low-density cholesterol triglycerides, explore relative importance longer-chain eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA) using data from Cohorts Heart Aging Research Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE, 8866). colocalization analyses presence a shared underlying variant between traits. Genetically predicted total reduced odds (OR IVW 0.96 per standard deviation (SD, i.e. 0.22 mmol/l) (95% CIs 0.93–0.98, p 0.003)). largest point estimates observed (EPA), long-chain EPA 0.92; 95% CI 0.88–0.96; 0.0002). effect was robust MVMR accounting lipids. ‘Leave-one-out’ highlighted FADS gene cluster key driver effect. Colocalization suggested primary outcome sample, but genomic confounding could not be fully excluded. This study supports role acids, particularly EPA, depression, although pleiotropic mechanisms cannot ruled out. findings support guidelines highlighting dose ratio question whether targeted interventions may superior universal prevention trials, modest sizes will limit statistical power.

Язык: Английский

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