Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis with candidiasis: usefulness of molecular and ultrastructural morphological analysis on FFPE tissue for invasive fungal infections

Medical Molecular Morphology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 56(2), С. 144 - 151

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 Is an Independent Risk Factor for Detrimental Invasive Fungal Disease in Patients on Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Retrospective Study

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(7), С. 751 - 751

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2023

Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is associated with the mortality of patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Several risk factors for IFD have been identified in or without ECMO. Here, we assessed relevance coronavirus (COVID-19) occurrence veno-venous (V-V) ECMO respiratory failure. In a retrospective analysis all cases between January 2013 and December 2022 (2020–2022 COVID-19 patients), active type, timing duration were investigated. Demographics, hospital, ICU length stay (LoS), ECMO, days invasive mechanical ventilation, prognostic scores (Respiratory Survival Prediction (RESP) score, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS)-10, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS)-II) survival assessed. The association was investigated using propensity matching uni- multivariable logistic regression analyses. We 814 supported 452 included further incidence 4.8% 11.0% COVID-19, respectively. status represented an independent factor (OR 4.30; CI 1.72–10.85; p: 0.002; analysis). 84.6% candidemia 15.4% aspergillosis (IA). All these died. V-V report that IFD, which detrimental prognosis. Further studies are needed to investigate strategies antifungal therapy prophylaxis patients.

Язык: Английский

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Diagnosis and Outcomes of Fungal Co-Infections in COVID-19 Infections: A Retrospective Study

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(9), С. 2326 - 2326

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in a public health emergency with unique complications such as the development of fungal co-infections. diagnosis infections can be challenging due to confounding imaging studies and difficulty obtaining histopathology. In this retrospective study, 173 patients COVID-19 receiving antifungal therapy concern for co-infection were evaluated. Patient characteristics, clinical outcomes, utility biomarkers then evaluated continuation therapy. Data collected from electronic record (EPIC) analyzed using SPSS (version. 28, IBM, Inc., Armonk, NY, USA) are presented mean ± SD or percentages. A total 56 diagnosed 117 + had no infection. Significantly fewer female fungal+ group compared control (29% 51% controls p = 0.005). Fungal diagnostics all significantly higher patients. These include 1,4-beta-D-glucan (BDG), culture, bronchoalveolar lavage galactomannan (BAL GM). Intensive care unit hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, mortality than Finally, more received voriconazole, isavuconazonium, amphotericin B therapies, whereas short-course fluconazole. COVID-19+ likely ICU mechanically ventilated, they result use markers helpful diagnosis.

Язык: Английский

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Post-COVID pulmonary fungal infections: An unanticipated predicament or a ticking time bomb? Clinico-microbiological profile of cases encountered during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic at a teaching hospital in the Himalayas with a brief literature review

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(12), С. 3228 - 3235

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023

Introduction: This study attempts to generate preliminary data regarding post-COVID pulmonary fungal infections, namely, COVID-19-associated aspergillosis (CAPA), mucormycosis (CAPM), and mixed infections from the Himalayas compares micro-radio-clinical profile outcomes of affected patients. Materials Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted, where clinical profiles, microbiological radiological reports, n = 16 patients were compared. Results: Of patients, 7 had CAPA ( 5 Aspergillus fumigatu s, 1 flavus, niger ), CAPM (Rhizopus arrhizus) , 4 with 3 infected fumigatus Rhizopus spp. flavus arrhizus ). Thick-walled cavitary lesions, air–fluid levels, multiple centrilobular nodules some common findings reported among these Conclusion: The immuno-compromised state following COVID-19 infection treatment might be responsible for progression regular exposure dense Himalayan vegetation into an invasive infection. Suspecting is necessary primary care physicians ensure timely referral higher centers. Mixed (coinfection spp.) are also emerging as important sequelae COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

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Amphotericin B Pharmacokinetics: Inter-strain Differences in Rats Following Intravenous Administration of the Most Commonly Marketed Formulations of the Drug

Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Background: Amphotericin B (AmB) is the first-line drug to treat invasive fungal infections. However, its delivery body and clinical use faces many challenges because of poor solubility, pharmacokinetics, severe nephrotoxicity. Objectives: Due necessity for designing safer more effective nanocarriers AmB importance preclinical pharmacokinetic studies in evaluating these novel systems, present study was framed explore influence rat strain on profile this drug. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were intravenously injected with 1 mg/kg as Fungizone or AmBisome, which are two most commonly marketed formulations Blood samples collected before at regular intervals up 24 h after administration. Drug concentration analyzed by a validated HPLC method, parameters determined non-compartmental method. Results: Irrespective type formulation, AUC0-t AUC0-∞ values significantly higher (P < 0.001), Cl an important PK parameter markedly lower 0.001) SD compared strain. For Fungizone, mean 206.90 462.95 mL/h/kg respectively. The apparent volume distribution (Vss) also Wistar; however, difference Vss not statistically significant. Our further investigation suggested that amount total protein may justify plasma concentrations amphotericin Conclusions: Overall, following intravenous administration AmB, there significant differences between strains both formulations. obtained data correctly interpreting experimental from different research groups.

Язык: Английский

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Carbon-reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites Against Infectious Diseases

Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 24

Опубликована: Март 25, 2024

Infectious diseases consistently pose challenges for the frontline sectors and at same time may cause havoc in social sector. Pathogenic microbes such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, algae, protozoa are main culprits history of pandemics epidemics. The year 2019 witnessed biggest pandemic ever history, caused by SARS-CoV-19 whose existence remains between living non-living species. Long before tackling problems microorganisms, researchers were continuously working different areas science technology. In this perspective, targeted vaccines drugs have been successfully administered medical use. During last two decades, nanoscience nanotechnology strongly involved design nanomaterials effective use or against infectious diseases. regard, nanocomposites play a major role high pharmacological mechanical responses. Designing biodegradable biocompatible with excellent bioactivity has always attracted attention pharma industry owing to burgeoning occurrence new Further, carbon-reinforced polymer gained importance fight their antimicrobial efficacy. chapter, properties uses potential activity discussed detail context classifications agents.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of prior COVID‐19 infection on allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outcomes

Clinical Transplantation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(5)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Abstract There are limited data on outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) in recipients with prior COVID‐19 infection. This single‐center retrospective study included 54 adult patients who received allo‐HSCT from July 2020 to September 2021 after previous infection and 122 control group without a history underwent HSCT during the same period, median follow‐up 17 months. Median time was 211 days. The incidence main complications post‐transplant period not significantly different between two groups: deep vein thrombosis ( p = .85), TMA .8), VOD .25), bloodstream infections .21), pneumonia any etiology .41), viral invasive fungal disease .08). 2‐year non‐relapse mortality, relapse incidence, overall survival, progression‐free survival also were comparable 22% (95% CI 10.5–36.2) versus 26.3% 18.7–34.6) .4; 15.6% 7.3–26.9) 23.6% 16.0–32.3) .39; 67.9% 50.4–80.3) 59.8% 50.2–68.1) .24 62.3% 45.5–75.3) 49.9% 40.0–59.1) .18, respectively. did affect results allo‐HSCT.

Язык: Английский

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Invasive Fungal Disease Associated with COVID-19 Infection

European Journal of Preventive Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(4), С. 103 - 110

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2024

While COVID-19 primarily attacks the lungs, its reach can extend to various organs. Patients battling severe cases, especially those in intensive care, face a heightened risk of secondary infections caused by fungi, bacteria, and even other viruses. This vulnerability stems from weakened immune system due initial infection, extended hospital stays, use medications that suppress response. Fungal pose significant threat, with aspergillosis, candidiasis, mucormycosis, Cryptococcus, pneumocystis, regional fungal strains being identified patients. Weakened immunity underlying lung issues make these patients particularly susceptible aspergillosis. Prolonged hospitalization, broad-spectrum antibiotics, compromised increase Candida infections. Additionally, diabetics receiving corticosteroids are more likely develop mucormycosis. Diagnosing is challenging because symptoms often mimic infection. However, accurate diagnosis crucial for effective treatment. Doctors rely on combination tests, including traditional microbiology, advanced molecular techniques, tissue examination (histopathology). Improved monitoring infections, optimized treatment protocols, development new antifungal therapies all critical weapons fight against this global pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Is galactomannan a useful tool for triage and diagnosis of oral invasive aspergillosis?

Hematology Transfusion and Cell Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

To evaluate the accuracy of galactomannan serum test in diagnosing oral invasive aspergillosis.

Язык: Английский

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Invasive Fungal Infections in Immunocompromised Conditions: Emphasis on COVID-19

Current Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 81(11)

Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

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