G protein-coupled receptors in neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Май 3, 2023

Neuropsychiatric disorders are multifactorial with diverse aetiological factors. Identifying treatment targets is challenging because the diseases resulting from heterogeneous biological, genetic, and environmental Nevertheless, increasing understanding of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) opens a new possibility in drug discovery. Harnessing our knowledge molecular mechanisms structural information GPCRs will be advantageous for developing effective drugs. This review provides an overview role various neurodegenerative psychiatric diseases. Besides, we highlight emerging opportunities novel GPCR address recent progress development.

Язык: Английский

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Recent advances on the molecular mechanisms of exercise-induced improvements of cognitive dysfunction

Translational Neurodegeneration, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2023

Abstract Physical exercise is of great significance for maintaining human health. Exercise can provide varying degrees benefits to cognitive function at all stages life cycle. Currently, with the aging world’s population and increase expectancy, dysfunction has gradually become a disease high incidence, which accompanied by neurodegenerative diseases in elderly individuals. Patients often exhibit memory loss, aphasia weakening orientation once diagnosed, are unable have normal life. Cognitive largely affects physical mental health, reduces quality life, causes economic burden society. At present, most interventions aimed maintain current level delay deterioration cognition. In contrast, as nonpharmacological therapy advantages its nontoxicity, low cost universal application. The molecular mechanisms underlying effect on cognition complex, studies been extensively centered neural plasticity, direct target brain. addition, mitochondrial stability energy metabolism essential brain status. Meanwhile, organ-brain axis responds induces release cytokines related this review, we summarize latest evidence effects cognition, point out directions future research.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of BDNF as a Biomarker in Cognitive and Sensory Neurodegeneration

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(4), С. 652 - 652

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2023

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a crucial function in the central nervous system and sensory structures including olfactory auditory systems. Many studies have highlighted protective effects of BDNF brain, showing how it can promote neuronal growth survival modulate synaptic plasticity. On other hand, conflicting data about expression functions cochlear been reported. Several clinical experimental research showed alterations levels neurodegenerative diseases affecting peripheral system, suggesting that be promising biomarker most conditions, Alzheimer’s disease, shearing loss, or impairment. Here, we summarize current concerning brain domains (olfaction hearing), focusing on BDNF/TrkB signalling pathway activation both physiological pathological conditions. Finally, review significant highlighting possibility to target as early diagnosis cognitive neurodegeneration, opening new opportunities develop effective therapeutic strategies aimed counteract neurodegeneration.

Язык: Английский

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PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential in depression

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 206, С. 107300 - 107300

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

Depression is a serious global mental disorder. Numerous studies have found that depression may be closely related to decreased neurogenesis, neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter imbalance, and synaptic plasticity dysfunction. The pathogenesis of complex involves multiple signal transduction pathways molecular changes. PI3K/AKT pathway an essential signaling in neurons, which widely expressed emotion-related regions the brain. Therefore, play moderating role mood disorders. However, mechanism not been fully described. This review systematically summarized discussed its potential treatment depression. will help development antidepressants.

Язык: Английский

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ERK pathway agonism for cancer therapy: evidence, insights, and a target discovery framework

npj Precision Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Март 14, 2024

At least 40% of human cancers are associated with aberrant ERK pathway activity (ERKp). Inhibitors targeting various effectors within the ERKp have been developed and explored for over two decades. Conversely, a substantial body evidence suggests that both normal cells and, notably to greater extent, cancer exhibit susceptibility hyperactivation ERKp. However, this vulnerability remains relatively unexplored. In review, we reexamine on selective lethality highly elevated in varying backgrounds. We synthesize insights proposed harnessing ERK-associated therapeutical approaches contextualize these established pharmacological cancer-targeting models. Moreover, compile intriguing preclinical findings agonism diverse Lastly, present conceptual framework target discovery regarding agonism, emphasizing utilization mutual exclusivity among oncogenes develop novel targeted therapies precision oncology.

Язык: Английский

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Pharmacological modulation of PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR/ERK signaling pathways in ischemic injury: a mechanistic perspective

Metabolic Brain Disease, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 40(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms of Neuroprotection by Ursolic Acid: Addressing Brain Injury, Cerebral Ischemia, Cognition Deficit, Anxiety, and Depression

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 2019, С. 1 - 18

Опубликована: Май 16, 2019

Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene which found in common herbs and medicinal plants that are reputed for variety of pharmacological effects. Both as an active principle these nutraceutical ingredient, the pharmacology UA CNS other organs systems has been extensively reported recent years. In this communication, antioxidant anti-inflammatory axis UA’s appraised its therapeutic potential some disorders. Classic examples include traumatic brain injury (TBI), cerebral ischemia, cognition deficit, anxiety, depression. The efficacy demonstrated through onedrug→multitargets→one/many disease(s). specific enzymes receptor targets along with diverse effects associated oxidative stress inflammatory signalling scrutinised.

Язык: Английский

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Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson’s and in some other diseases: recent advancement and future prospective

3 Biotech, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10(12)

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Dietary astaxanthin: an excellent carotenoid with multiple health benefits

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 63(18), С. 3019 - 3045

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2021

Astaxanthin is a carotenoid widely found in marine organisms and microorganisms. With extensive use nutraceuticals, cosmetics, animal feed, astaxanthin will have the largest share global market for carotenoids near future. Owing to its unique molecular features, has excellent antioxidant activity holds promise biochemical studies. This review focuses on observed health benefits of dietary astaxanthin, as well underlying bioactivity mechanisms. Recent studies increased our understanding role isomerization esterification structure-function relationship astaxanthin. Gut microbiota may involve fate during digestion absorption; thus, further knowledge needed establish accurate recommendations intake both healthy special populations. Associated with regulation redox balance multiple biological mechanisms, proposed affect oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death, lipid metabolism humans, thus exerting skin condition, eye health, cardiovascular system, neurological function, exercise performance, immune response. Additionally, preclinical trials predict potential effects such intestinal flora anti-diabetic activity. Therefore, worthy investigation boosting human wide applications food industry.

Язык: Английский

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Dysregulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling in microglia: shaping chronic neuroinflammation

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2021

Microglia are integral mediators of innate immunity within the mammalian central nervous system. Typical microglial responses transient, intending to restore homeostasis by orchestrating removal pathogens and debris regeneration damaged neurons. However, prolonged persistent activation can drive chronic neuroinflammation is associated with neurodegenerative disease. Recent evidence has revealed that abnormalities in signaling pathways involving phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) protein kinase B (AKT) may contribute altered activity exacerbated neuroimmune responses. In this scoping review, known suspected roles PI3K-AKT microglia, both during health pathological states, will be examined, key receptors induce microglia described. Since aberrant correlated disease onset, relationship between maladapted development also explored. Finally, studies which been modulated highlighted, as prove a promising therapeutic approach for future treatment range neuroinflammatory conditions.

Язык: Английский

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