Diet Selection of a Solitary Forest-Dwelling Ungulate, the Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus), in Cool Temperate Forest

Mammal Study, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 49(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Competition between native ungulates: negative effects of sika deer (Cervus nippon) on foraging behavior, physiological stress, and population characteristics of Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus)

Journal of Zoology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2025

Abstract In coevolved native ungulate assemblages, the mechanisms underlying competition remain unclear because, to date, little direct evidence of exists. high‐elevation areas in Japan, number Japanese serows ( Capricornis crispus ) has been decreasing as sika deer Cervus nippon increases. Here, we assessed effects on vegetation, vigilance and foraging behavior, physiological stress, relative abundance ratio young individuals throughout warm season across two study sites with different densities similar landscapes Mount Asama, Central Japan. The diversity palatable forage for (i.e., herbaceous forbs) were significantly lower abundant deer, suggesting that reduced vegetation quality serows. Serow rate was greater increased probability encountering or intraspecific aggression vigilance. bite their step availability forbs higher serow efficiency. Levels fecal cortisol metabolites decreased efficiency stress populations negatively affected population through both exploitative interference competition. This is a rare case show interspecific assemblages. Human alteration ecosystem processes, such elimination top predators human hunting pressure may determine changes ecological relationships between deer.

Язык: Английский

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Ecological drivers of population abundance of the Japanese serow in the absence of predation risk

European Journal of Wildlife Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 71(3)

Опубликована: Май 28, 2025

Abstract In ungulates, population abundance is mainly influenced by forage condition, predation pressure, competitor abundances, and human activities; however, information about the effect of escape terrain on still scarce. Some ungulate species often use areas with abundant despite absence predators, indicating that ghosts predators past continue to affect their spatial behavior, such ungulates may also be terrain. We examined Japanese serow ( Capricornis crispus ) in Mt. Fuji its surrounding mountains including both natural hunters, relation vegetation, (steep slopes), potential (sika deer Cervus nippon ), non-invasive activities. The (pellet group numbers) serows was higher coniferous forests than broad-leaved forests, dwarf bamboos where high fecal nitrogen content detected, suggesting availability bamboo trees as well quality abundance. Conversely, sika residences did not serows, activity have had a direct abundances. Moreover, terrain, Population low scarce terrains because fewer individuals settle environments minimal

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Human Harvesting, Residences, and Forage Abundance on Deer Spatial Distribution

Animals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(13), С. 1924 - 1924

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2024

It has been known that harvesting by humans strongly influences individual within-home range habitat selection of many deer species; however, little is about the effect on coarse-scale (i.e., spatial distribution). We examined summer distribution sika Cervus nippon in relation to human and other factors, such as residences, forage abundance, cover, using pellet group counts at Mount Fuji, central Japan, 2018. In study area, conducted medium elevation areas throughout year, but not high or low where access difficult prohibited. Spatial was significantly biased non-harvesting far from residential areas, suggesting they avoid riskier spaces establishing a landscape fear. High-quality food resources (deciduous broad-leaved trees forbs) were more abundant than foraging pressure reduce them. However, there no differences abundances fibrous dwarf bamboo between higher abundance an alternative resource supplies high-quality limited. Our results suggest residences shifted montane forests subalpine/alpine zones, which may increase damage vulnerable ecosystems due severe pressure.

Язык: Английский

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Overlap in habitat use and activity patterns between sika deer (Cervus nippon) and Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus) in subalpine habitats: exploitative competition rather than direct interference?

Canadian Journal of Zoology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 101(11), С. 980 - 990

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2023

Examining multiple niche relationships, such as habitat use and activity patterns, between sympatric species contributes to an understanding of the mechanisms coexistence competition. Sika deer ( Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838) Japanese serows Capricornis crispus (Temminck, 1836)) often show different use, diversity in vegetation topography seems facilitate their coexistence. Conversely, may overlap areas with low-diversity habitats; however, this remains unstudied. Moreover, whether they spatiotemporally avoid each other reduce direct interference is unclear. We examined fine-scale patterns subalpine forests Mount Fuji, which have habitats, using camera trapping data over 3 years. Deer serow niches largely overlapped, especially summer (92%–94%) autumn (89%–91%), suggesting that habitats overlapping use. Both selected frequently used by during spring temporal (88%) (83%), do not (i.e., there no interference). Rapid range expansion into these exclude native through resource exploitative competition rather than

Язык: Английский

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Feeding Habits of Japanese Serow in a Warm–Temperate, Low-Elevation, Evergreen Broad-Leaved Shrub-Dominated Forest

Mammal Study, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 49(4)

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024

The distribution of the Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus) has recently expanded to low-elevation areas. However, there is little ecological information available for this species in such This study aimed elucidate feeding habits Ome Hills, central Japan, a area characterized by dominance evergreen broad-leaved trees shrub layer. Through analysis 115 fecal samples collected between 2019 and 2020, our findings revealed that consistently foraged on monocot leaves dicot stems throughout year. Furthermore, detailed examination signs indicated preference graminoids both coniferous plantations deciduous forests across all seasons.

Язык: Английский

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Ghosts of predators past remain in the spatial distribution and population density of the Japanese serow

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2024

Some ungulate species select areas with abundant escape terrain despite the absence of predators, indicating that ghosts predators past continue to affect their spatial behavior. Population densities such ungulates may also be influenced by terrain; however, this has not been fully investigated. We examined distribution and population density Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus) at Mt. Fuji in relation abundance quality forage, vegetation, (steep slopes), other factors. Only affected was biased towards steeper slopes, suggesting past, i.e., wolves (Canis lupus) serow-hunting humans, still influence distribution. The serows higher coniferous forests than broad-leaved forests, dwarf bamboos where high fecal nitrogen content detected, forage availability bamboo trees as well density. Moreover, terrain, low because fewer individuals settle environments minimal terrain.

Язык: Английский

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